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Genomic reshuffling in advanced lines of hexaploid tritordeum

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Abstract

Genomic restructuring was detected in newly synthesized tritordeum by molecular and cytogenetic tools. Genomic stability is expected for advanced tritordeum lines (HchHchAABB; 2n = 42) with multiple generations of self-fertilization. This study intends to confirm or decline this hypothesis by characterizing three advanced tritordeum lines and their parental species using cytogenetics, inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) and retrotransposon-based markers. Mitotic chromosomes of each tritordeum line were hybridized with six synthetic oligonucleotide probes using non-denaturing fluorescence in situ hybridization. Polymorphic hybridization patterns and structural rearrangements involving SSR regions were detected. The same chromosome spreads were re-hybridized with genomic DNA of Hordeum chilense Roem. et Schult. and the 45S ribosomal DNA (rDNA) sequence pTa71. These FISH experiments allowed for parental genome discrimination, identification of nucleolar chromosomes, and detection of structural rearrangements, mostly involving rDNA loci. The chromosomes bearing SSR hybridization signals and/or chromosomes involved in structural rearrangements were identified. ISSR, retrotransposon-microsatellite amplified polymorphism, inter-retrotransposon amplified polymorphism and inter-primer binding site markers evidenced genomic reshuffling in all tritordeum lines relative to their parents. Line HT28 was considered the most genetically stable. This work demonstrated that cytogenetic and molecular monitoring of tritordeum is needed, even after several self-fertilization generations, to guarantee the selection of the most stable lines for improvement and sustainable agriculture.

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Acknowledgments

This work was partially supported by the HY-WHEAT project—International Consortium (P-KBBE/AGRGPL/0002/2010), funded by the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (“Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia” [FCT]), the “Programa Operacional de Factores Competitividade” (COMPETE), “Quadro de Referência Estratégico Nacional 2007–2013” (QREN), and “Fundo Europeu de Desenvolvimento Regional” (FEDER) of the European Union, and also by the project AGL2013-43329-R funded by the “Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad” of Spain.

Authors’ contribution

The authors have made the following declarations regarding their contributions: Conceived and designed the experiments: JLB and AC. Performed the experiments: AD and AC. Analyzed the data: AD, AC, JLB. Contributed with plant material/reagents/analysis tools: ACM, AM, JLB. Contributed to the writing of the manuscript: all authors.

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    Authors and Affiliations

    1. University of Tras-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5001-801, Vila Real, Portugal

      Andreia Delgado

    2. BioISI – Biosystems and Integrative Sciences Institute, Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisbon, C8 BDG Campo Grande, Lisbon, Portugal

      Ana Carvalho & José Lima-Brito

    3. CSIC – Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Córdoba, Spain

      Azahara Carmen Martín & Antonio Martín

    4. John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7UH, UK

      Azahara Carmen Martín

    5. Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, University of Tras-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5001-801, Vila Real, Portugal

      José Lima-Brito

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    1. Andreia Delgado
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    2. Ana Carvalho
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    3. Azahara Carmen Martín
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    4. Antonio Martín
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    Correspondence to José Lima-Brito.

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    Andreia Delgado and Ana Carvalho have contributed equally to this work.

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    Delgado, A., Carvalho, A., Martín, A.C. et al. Genomic reshuffling in advanced lines of hexaploid tritordeum. Genet Resour Crop Evol 64, 1331–1353 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10722-016-0439-3

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