Abstract
Sisymbrium irio (2n = 2x = 14) is a wild plant with traits that can offer economic and ecological benefits, yet it has received scant attention compared to its closely related species. There is no substantial genomic information generated from this species, thus highlighting the need for molecular cytogenetic analyses. The information provided from karyotypic investigation is essential for developing cytogenetic maps. In the present study, asymmetry/symmetry indexes classified S. irio as having a moderately symmetric karyotype. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and genomic in situ hybridization (GISH) techniques were implemented as important cytogenetic tools for the direct detection of chromosomal targets and the study of the evolutionary relationship of crops. Repetitive DNA sequences such as ribosomal DNA (rDNA), C0t DNA, telomeric repeats, satellite repeats, and genomic DNA sequences were used as markers for the cytomolecular characterization of S. irio. The linked arrangement of 5 and 18 S rDNA units was found to be located at the terminal regions of the two chromosomes. Arabidopsis-type telomere repeats were detected in the terminal regions. Interestingly, labeled self-gDNA and C0t DNA hybridized in the pericentromeric and rDNA regions signifying the preferential distribution of the major repeats. Comparative GISH assays revealed the degree of genomic relationships among S. irio, Raphanus sativus, and Brassica diploids. The cytogenetic maps generated in this study are essential for understanding the genomic organization of S. irio and could be utilized for future validation of its genome assembly.
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This work was carried out with the support of “Cooperative Research Program for National Agricultural Genome Program” (Project No. PJ01338202), Rural Development Administration, Republic of Korea.
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FHM carried out the molecular cytogenetic studies, analyzed the data, and drafted the manuscript. JSK and YJH supervised the project, conceived the original idea and help to draft the manuscript. RAMC participated in reviewing and editing the paper. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
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Mancia, F.H., Kim, J.S., Cabahug, R. et al. Cytomolecular analysis of repetitive DNA provides insight into the chromosome structure of Sisymbrium irio. Hortic. Environ. Biotechnol. 63, 249–261 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13580-021-00391-6
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13580-021-00391-6