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Molecular aspects of somatic-to-embryogenic transition in plants

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Journal of Chemical Biology

Abstract

Somatic embryogenesis (SE) is a model system for understanding the physiological, biochemical, and molecular biological events occurring during plant embryo development. Plant somatic cells have the ability to undergo sustained divisions and give rise to an entire organism. This remarkable feature is called plant cell totipotency. SE is a notable illustration of plant totipotency and involves reprogramming of development in somatic cells toward the embryogenic pathway. Plant growth regularities, especially auxins, are key components as their exogenous application recapitulates the embryogenic potential of the mitotically quiescent somatic cells. It has been observed that there are genetic and also physiological factors that trigger in vitro embryogenesis in various types of plant somatic cells. Analysis of the proteome and transcriptome has led to the identification and characterization of certain genes involved in SE. Most of these genes, however, are upregulated only in the late developmental stages, suggesting that they do not play a direct role in the vegetative-to-embryogenic transition. However, the molecular bases of those triggering factors and the genetic and biochemical mechanisms leading to in vitro embryogenesis are still unknown. Here, we describe the plant factors that participate in the vegetative-to-embryogenic transition and discuss their possible roles in this process.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biotechnology, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran

    Omid Karami

  2. Department of Agronomy, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran

    Behzad Aghavaisi

  3. Department of Horticulture, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran

    Aghil Mahmoudi Pour

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  1. Omid Karami
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  2. Behzad Aghavaisi
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  3. Aghil Mahmoudi Pour
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Correspondence to Omid Karami.

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Karami, O., Aghavaisi, B. & Mahmoudi Pour, A. Molecular aspects of somatic-to-embryogenic transition in plants. J Chem Biol 2, 177–190 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12154-009-0028-4

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