Abstract
The world is facing unprecedented repercussions of climate change or global warming. Rising temperature makes glaciers melt, causing flooding and erosion, which undermines food production. Various technologies, including soil management, crop diversification, rainwater harvesting, farm machinery, livestock and fishery interventions, and weather-based agro advisories, assist in adapting the climate changes for crop production. Plant breeding has played a pivotal role in human history by revolutionizing agriculture to feed the ever-growing population. Recent advancements in omics platforms have enabled breeders to gain better insight into crop physiology and underlying genetic mechanisms. A better understanding of the structure, function, regulation, and interaction of genetic factors is possible due to the advent of high-throughput genome sequencing platforms, precise phenotyping, advanced computing, and data analysis platforms. Breeding for high yield with sustainable use of scarce resources in a diverse environment urgently demands the amalgamation of these throughput technologies. Wild species, wild relatives, and landraces are the storehouse of various desirable traits and cornerstones of breeding programs. Conventional breeding methods played a tremendous role in crop improvement, but it is challenging to achieve climate resiliency demand by depending on traditional methods alone. The present chapter discusses the classical breeding methods and advancements in genomics, genome sequencing, transgenics, genome editing, and related breeding methodologies such as marker-assisted selection and incorporation of phenomics, data analytics, and artificial intelligence for the rapid development of climate-resilient cereal crops. The chapter briefly presents the success achieved through holistic SMART-breeding approaches in cereal crops from the pre- to post-genomic period.
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Adhikari, S. et al. (2023). SMART Plant Breeding from Pre-genomic to Post-genomic Era for Developing Climate-Resilient Cereals. In: Sharma, D., Singh, S., Sharma, S.K., Singh, R. (eds) Smart Plant Breeding for Field Crops in Post-genomics Era . Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-8218-7_2
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