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Alteration in expression of hormone-related genes in wild emmer wheat roots associated with drought adaptation mechanisms

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Abstract

Transcriptomic and metabolomic profiles were used to unravel drought adaptation mechanisms in wild emmer wheat (Triticum turgidum ssp. dicoccoides), the progenitor of cultivated wheat, by comparing the response to drought stress in roots of genotypes contrasting in drought tolerance. The differences between the drought resistant (R) and drought susceptible (S) genotypes were characterized mainly by shifts in expression of hormone-related genes (e.g., gibberellins, abscisic acid (ABA) and auxin), including biosynthesis, signalling and response; RNA binding; calcium (calmodulin, caleosin and annexin) and phosphatidylinositol signalling, in the R genotype. ABA content in the roots of the R genotype was higher in the well-watered treatment and increased in response to drought, while in the S genotype ABA was invariant. The metabolomic profiling revealed in the R genotype a higher accumulation of tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediates and drought-related metabolites, including glucose, trehalose, proline and glycine. The integration of transcriptomics and metabolomics results indicated that adaptation to drought included efficient regulation and signalling pathways leading to effective bio-energetic processes, carbon metabolism and cell homeostasis. In conclusion, mechanisms of drought tolerance were identified in roots of wild emmer wheat, supporting our previous studies on the potential of this genepool as a valuable source for novel candidate genes to improve drought tolerance in cultivated wheat.

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Acknowledgments

This project was supported by the Program for Sustainable Agriculture funded by the Israel Ministry of Science (# 01-21-00048), the French Ministry for Foreign Affairs and the French Ministry for Education and Research. We also acknowledge the Israel Science Foundation grant #1089/04 and equipment grants #048/99 and 1478/04. Z. Peleg is indebted to the Israel Council for the Higher Education Postdoctoral Fellowships Award. The authors thank A. Fahum, M. Goldshmit and S. Khalifa for their excellent technical assistance.

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  1. Zvi Peleg

    Present address: Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Evolutionary and Environmental Biology, Institute of Evolution, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Haifa, Mt. Carmel, Haifa, 31905, Israel

    Tamar Krugman, Zvi Peleg, Abraham B. Korol, Eviatar Nevo & Tzion Fahima

  2. Blaustein Institute for Desert Research, Department of Dryland Biotechnology, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Midreshet Ben Gurion, 84990, Israel

    Lydia Quansah & Aaron Fait

  3. Organisation and Evolution of Plant Genomes, Unité de Recherche en Génomique Végétale (URGV), 91057, Evry, France

    Véronique Chagué & Boulos Chalhoub

  4. The Robert H. Smith Institute of Plant Science and Genetics in Agriculture, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, 76100, Israel

    Yehoshua Saranga

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  1. Tamar Krugman
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Correspondence to Tzion Fahima.

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Figure S1

Quantitative real-time PCR expression patterns of DETS listed in Table S1 (PDF 107 kb)

Fig. S2

Principal component analysis (PCA) of GC-MS data of two emmer wheat genotypes (R and S) subjected to control (well watered) and drought (withholding water for 7 days). PCA is presented as the combinations of first three dimensions. Rectangle shape filled and not filled represent R control and drought, respectively; circle filled and not filled represent S control and drought, respectively. Values in bracket represent the value of addition of the two components contribution to the variance. Each data point represents an independent sample and biological replicate of at least five samples. (PDF 18 kb)

Table S1

Probe-set primers of DETs used to validate expression patterns by quantitative real-time PCR (PDF 15 kb)

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Krugman, T., Peleg, Z., Quansah, L. et al. Alteration in expression of hormone-related genes in wild emmer wheat roots associated with drought adaptation mechanisms. Funct Integr Genomics 11, 565–583 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10142-011-0231-6

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