Abstract
Plant genetic resources are the potential sources for farming, experimenting, and conserving plants. The crisis imparted by genetic erosion instigated global conservation schemes to protect plants. Dye-yielding plants are gaining much importance due to severe toxic effects of synthetic dyes. Biotechnology-based approaches like in vitro propagation, metabolic engineering, gene markers, and genome sequencing have substantially contributed to the conservation of dye-yielding plants. Cryopreservation of plants is also part of this conservation policy. Indigenous communities, their traditional knowledge, and community-based approach must be considered for an efficient conservation of dye-yielding plants.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Abbas H, Qaiser M, Naqvi B (2010) Rapid in vitro multiplication of Acacia nilotica subsp. hemispherica, a critically endangered endemic taxon. Pak J Bot 42:4087–4093
Abdel Khalik K, Abd El-Twab M, Galal R (2014) Genetic diversity and relationships among Egyptian Galium (Rubiaceae) and related species using ISSR and RAPD markers. Biol 69:300–310. https://doi.org/10.2478/s11756-013-0314-z
Ahmad Asnawi M, Hartinie M, Jualang AG (2017) Effect of cytokinins on shoot induction from nodal explant of Pecah Beling (Strobilanthes crispus). Transactions Of The Malaysian Society Of Plant Physiology, pp 8–12
Ali F, Yılmaz A, Nadeem MA et al (2019) Mobile genomic element diversity in world collection of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) panel using iPBS-retrotransposon markers. PLoS One 14:1–19. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0211985
Anjusha S, Gangaprasad A (2016) In vitro propagation and anthraquinone quantification in Gynochthodes umbellata (L.) Razafim. & B. Bremer (Rubiaceae)—a dye yielding plant. Ind Crop Prod 81:83–90. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2015.11.043
Arghavani P, Haghbeen K, Mousavi A (2015) Enhancement of shikalkin production in Arnebia euchroma callus by a fungal elicitor, Rhizoctonia solani. Iran J Biotechnol 13:10–16. https://doi.org/10.15171/ijb.1058
Arora K, Sharma M, Srivastava J et al (2011) In vitro cloning of Azadirachta indica from root explants. Biol Plant 55:164–168. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10535-011-0023-9
Ashokhan S, Othman R, Hafiz M et al (2020) Effect of plant growth regulators on coloured callus formation and accumulation of azadirachtin, an essential biopesticide in Azadirachta indica. Plants 9:352
Ashraf K, Ahmad A, Shah SAA, Mujeeb M (2017) Genetic diversity in accessions of Indian turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) using RAPD markers. Int J Pharm Pharm Sci 9:288–291
Aubriot X, Lowry PP, Cruaud C et al (2013) DNA barcoding in a biodiversity hot spot: potential value for the identification of Malagasy Euphorbia L. listed in CITES Appendices I and II. Mol Ecol Resour 13:57–65. https://doi.org/10.1111/1755-0998.12028
Auburn RP, Kreil DP, Meadows LA et al (2005) Robotic spotting of cDNA and oligonucleotide microarrays. Trends Biotechnol 23:374–379. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tibtech.2005.04.002
Babu KN, Divakaran M, Pillai GS, Kusumanchi P (2016) Protocols for in vitro propagation, conservation, synthetic seed production, microrhizome production, and molecular profiling in turmeric (Curcuma longa L.). In: Protocols for in vitro cultures and secondary metabolite analysis of aromatic and medicinal plant. Springer, Cham, pp 387–399
Balada C, Castro M, Fassio C et al (2021) Genetic diversity and biological activity of Curcuma longa ecotypes from Rapa Nui using molecular markers. Saudi J Biol Sci 28:707–716. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sjbs.2020.10.062
Bhargav P (2020) India’s protected area (PA) network. In: Conserv. India
Bimal R, Shahnawaz M (2012) Plant regeneration from nodal explants of Adhatoda vasica Nees. J Med Plant Res 6:1229–1233. https://doi.org/10.5897/jmpr11.1055
Bishoyi AK, Pillai VV, Geetha KA, Maiti S (2014) Assessment of genetic diversity in Clitoria ternatea populations from different parts of India by RAPD and ISSR markers. Genet Resour Crop Evol 61:1597–1609. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10722-014-0145-y
Borokini TI, Okere AU, Giwa AO et al (2010) Biodiversity and conservation of plant genetic resources in field gene bank of the National Centre for Genetic Resources and Biotechnology, Ibadan, Nigeria. Int J Biodivers Conserv 2:037–050
Bouvier F, Dogbo O, Camara B (2003) Biosynthesis of the food and cosmetic plant pigment bixin (annatto), vol 300. Science, pp 2089–2091. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1085162
Bowers JE, Pearl SA, Burke JM (2016) Genetic mapping of millions of SNPs in safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) via whole-genome resequencing. G3 Genes Genomes Genet 6:2203–2211. https://doi.org/10.1534/g3.115.026690
Bretting PK, Widrlechner MP (1995) Genetic markers and plant genetic resource management. Plant Breeding Reviews, In, pp 11–86
Carballo-Uicab VM, Cárdenas-Conejo Y, Vallejo-Cardona AA et al (2019) Isolation and functional characterization of two dioxygenases putatively involved in bixin biosynthesis in annatto (Bixa orellana L.). Peer J 2019:1–24. https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.7064
Cárdenas-Conejo Y, Carballo-Uicab V, Lieberman M et al (2015) De novo transcriptome sequencing in Bixa orellana to identify genes involved in methylerythritol phosphate, carotenoid and bixin biosynthesis. BMC Genomics 16. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12864-015-2065-4
CBOL plant working group (2009) A DNA barcode for land plants. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 106:12794–12797
Chandrasekhara MR (2012) Synthetic seeds: a review in agriculture and forestry. African J Biotechnol 11:14254–14275. https://doi.org/10.5897/ajb12.770
Chapman MA, Hvala J, Strever J et al (2009) Development, polymorphism, and cross-taxon utility of EST-SSR markers from safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.). Theor Appl Genet 120:85–91. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00122-009-1161-8
Chen J, Wang J, Wang R et al (2020) Integrated metabolomics and transcriptome analysis on flavonoid biosynthesis in safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) under MeJA treatment. BMC Plant Biol 20:1–12. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12870-020-02554-6
Chiveu CJ, Dangasuk OG, Omunyin ME, Wachira FN (2008) Genetic diversity in Kenyan populations of Acacia senegal (L.) Willd. based on ISSR markers. African J Biotechnol 7:2333–2340. https://doi.org/10.1515/sg-2009-0003
Christenhusz MJM, Byng JW (2016) The number of known plants species in the world and its annual increase. Phytotaxa 261:201–217
Cohen JI, Williams JT, Plucknett DL, Shands H (1991) Ex situ conservation of plant genetic resources: global development and environmental concerns, vol 253. Science, pp 866–872. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.253.5022.866
Cruz-Cruz CA, González-Arnao MT, Engelmann F (2013) Biotechnology and conservation of plant biodiversity. Resources 2:73–95. https://doi.org/10.3390/resources2020073
Cvetković T, Hinsinger DD, Strijk JS (2019) Exploring evolution and diversity of Chinese Dipterocarpaceae using next-generation sequencing. Sci Rep 9:1–11. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-48240-y
da Cruz ACF, Rocha DI, Iarema L et al (2014) In vitro organogenesis from root culture segments of Bixa orellana L. (Bixaceae). Vitr Cell Dev Biol-Plant 50:76–83. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11627-013-9580-2
Das A, Kesari V, Satyanarayana VM et al (2011) Genetic relationship of Curcuma species from Northeast India using PCR-based markers. Mol Biotechnol 49:65–76. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12033-011-9379-5
de Boef WS, Thijssen M, Peroni N, Subedi A (2013) Community biodiversity management and in situ conservation. In: Community biodiversity management: promoting resilience and the conservation of plant genetic resources. Springer, Cham, pp 378–386
Deng SY, Wang XR, Zhu PL et al (2015) Development of polymorphic microsatellite markers in the medicinal plant Gardenia jasminoides (Rubiaceae). Biochem Syst Ecol 58:149–155. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bse.2014.11.009
Deplazes-Zemp A (2019) Challenges of justice in the context of plant genetic resources. Front Plant Sci 10:1–12. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2019.01266
Dequigiovani G, Ramos SLF, Alves-Pereira A et al (2017) Genetic diversity and structure in a major Brazilian annatto (Bixa orellana) germplasm bank revealed by microsatellites and phytochemical compounds. Genet Resour Crop Evol 64:1775–1788. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10722-017-0535-z
Derakhshan E, Majidi MM, Sharafi Y, Mirlohi A (2014) Discrimination and genetic diversity of cultivated and wild safflowers (Carthamus spp.) using EST-microsatellites markers. Biochem Syst Ecol 54:130–136. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bse.2014.01.003
Devi K, Sharma M, Ahuja PS (2014) Direct somatic embryogenesis with high frequency plantlet regeneration and successive cormlet production in saffron (Crocus sativus L.). South Afr J Bot 93:207–216. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sajb.2014.04.006
Dhanapal AP (2012) Genomics of crop plant genetic resources. Adv Biosci Biotechnol 03:378–385. https://doi.org/10.4236/abb.2012.34054
Donaldson JS (2009) Botanic gardens science for conservation and global change. Trends Plant Sci 14:608–613. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tplants.2009.08.008
Duan Z, Song W, Chen K et al (2017) Assessment of genetic and chemical variability in curcumae longae rhizoma (Curcuma longa) based on DNA barcoding markers and HPLC fingerprints. Biol Pharm Bull 40:1638–1645. https://doi.org/10.1248/bpb.b17-00020
Dutta S, Mutaz E, Farag N, Sarangi BK (2019) Enhancement of indigo dye yield from Indigofera plant biomass by using fungal elicitors during fermentation. Indian J Exp Biol 57:619–624
Elder CB, Maple J, Maple J, et al (2021) List of trees in Victoria Garden
Ellina M, Sobir SE, Roedhy P (2010) Assessment of inter simple sequence repeat (ISSR) in technique in mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana L.) grown in different Sumatra region. J Hortic For 2:127–134
El-Sherif F (2019) Laser irradiation induces DNA polymorphism and alters phytochemicals compositions as well as growth and yield of Curcuma longa. J Dis Med Plants 5:29–38
Elyasi Zarringhabaie G, Javanmard A, Pirahary O (2012) Random amplified polymorphic markers as indicator for genetic conservation program in Iranian pheasant (Phasianus colchicus). ScientificWorldJournal 2012:1–5. https://doi.org/10.1100/2012/640381
Fan Y, Zhao Y, Liu A et al (2018) Indigenous knowledge of dye-yielding plants among Bai communities in Dali, Northwest Yunnan, China. J Ethnobiol Ethnomed 14:1–11. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13002-018-0274-z
FAO (2010) The state of ex situ conservation
Farzinebrahimi R, Mat Taha R, Rashid K, Syafawati Yaacob J (2014) The effect of various media and hormones via suspension culture on secondary metabolic activities of (Cape Jasmine) Gardenia jasminoides Ellis. Sci World J 2014:1–7. https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/407284
Fu Y (2017) The vulnerability of plant genetic resources conserved ex situ. Crop Sci 57:2314–2328. https://doi.org/10.2135/cropsci2017.01.0014
Gaber MK, Barakat AA (2012) Micropropagation and somatic embryogenesis induction of Gardenia jasminoides plants. Exchange J 40(1):190–202. https://doi.org/10.21608/ASEJAIQJSAE.2019.29981
Gehlot A, Dev I, Sarita A (2017) Regeneration of complete plantlets from callus culture of Azadirachta indica A. Juss using immature flower buds. Adv For Sci 4:71–76
Godwin I, Aitken E, Smith L (1997) Application of inter simple sequence repeat markers to plant genetics. Electrophoresis 18:1524–1528
Govindaraj M, Vetriventhan M, Srinivasan M (2015) Importance of genetic diversity assessment in crop plants and its recent advances: an overview of its analytical perspectives. Genet Res Int 2015:1–14. https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/431487
Grativol C, Da Fonseca L-MC, Hemerly AS, Ferreira PCG (2011) High efficiency and reliability of inter-simple sequence repeats (ISSR) markers for evaluation of genetic diversity in Brazilian cultivated Jatropha curcas L. accessions. Mol Biol Rep 38:4245–4256. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11033-010-0547-7
Hacioglu BT, Yaman H, Arslan Y, Katar D (2013) Investigation of molecular diversity of Asian safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) accessions by RAPD markers for using in hybridization program. Res Crop 14:169–174
Han J, Zhang W, Cao H et al (2007) Genetic diversity and biogeography of the traditional Chinese medicine, Gardenia jasminoides, based on AFLP markers. Biochem Syst Ecol 35:138–145. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bse.2006.05.021
Hanagata N, Uehara H, Ito A et al (1994) Elicitor for red pigment formation in Carthamus tinctorius cultured cells. J Biotechnol 34:71–77. https://doi.org/10.1016/0168-1656(94)90167-8
Hao H, Lei C, Dong Q et al (2014) Effects of exogenous methyl jasmonate on the biosynthesis of shikonin derivatives in callus tissues of Arnebia euchroma. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 173:2198–2210. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12010-014-1025-9
Hawkins RD, Hon GC, Ren B (2010) Next-generation genomics: an integrative approach. Nat Rev Genet 476–486. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrg2795
Hayakawa H, Kobayashi T, Minaniya Y et al (2011) Development of a molecular marker to identify a candidate line of turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) with a high curcumin content. Am J Plant Sci 02:15–26. https://doi.org/10.4236/ajps.2011.21002
He R, Gang DR (2014) Somatic embryogenesis and agrobacterium-mediated transformation of turmeric (Curcuma longa). Plant Cell Tissue Organ Cult 116:333–342. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11240-013-0407-y
Houmanat K, Charafi J, Mazouz H et al (2016) Genetic diversity analysis of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius) accessions from different geographic origins using ISSR markers. Int J Agric Biol 18:1081–1087
Ismail M, Ahmad A, Nadeem M et al (2020) Development of DNA barcodes for selected Acacia species by using rbc L and matK DNA markers. Saudi J Biol Sci 27:3735–3742. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sjbs.2020.08.020
Ismail N, Rani U, Batra A (2011) Crucial role of TDZ in the quick regeneration of multiple shoots of Clitoria ternatea L. Int J Pharm Sci Rev Res 6:23–26
Jain A, Parihar DK (2019) Molecular marker based genetic diversity study of wild, cultivated and endangered species of Curcuma from Chhattisgarh region for in situ conservation. Biocatal Agric Biotechnol 18:101033. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bcab.2019.101033
Jain M, Srivastava PL, Verma M et al (2016) De novo transcriptome assembly and comprehensive expression profiling in Crocus sativus to gain insights into apocarotenoid biosynthesis. Sci Rep 6:1–13. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep22456
Jan HU, Rabbani MA, Shinwari ZK (2011) Assessment of genetic diversity of indigenous turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) germplasm from Pakistan using RAPD markers. J Med Plants Res 5:823–830
Jarvis A, Yeaman S, Guarino L, Tohme J (2005) The role of geographic analysis in locating, understanding, and using plant genetic diversity. In: Methods in enzymology. Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp 279–298
Jiao L, Lu Y, He T et al (2019) A strategy for developing high-resolution DNA barcodes for species discrimination of wood specimens using the complete chloroplast genome of three Pterocarpus species. Planta 250:95–104. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00425-019-03150-1
Joseph N, Siril EA (2014) Evaluation and selection of elite annatto (Bixa orellana L.) and identification of RAPD markers associated with yield traits. Rev Bras Bot 37:1–8. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40415-013-0039-9
Kandasamy T, Kumari K, Kaprakkaden A et al (2013) Molecular diversity analysis of flower colour variants of Butea monosperma (Lam.) Taub. using inter simple sequence repeats. Bioscan 8:969–974
Karimah K, Yuniati R, Handayani W (2020) In vitro culture from internodes of Melastoma malabathricum L. on Murashige and Skoog (1962) modified medium with thidiazuron and 1-naphthaleneacetic acid. IOP Conf Ser Earth Environ Sci 481(1):012007
Kashyap S, Kale RD (2019) Development of callus and cell suspension culture from the leaf of Adhatoda vasica Nees using economical growth media. Indian J Exp Biol 57:195–200
Khurana-Kaul V, Kachhwaha S, Kothari SL (2012) Characterization of genetic diversity in Jatropha curcas L. Indian J Biotechnol 11:54–61
Krishnan SRS, Siril EA (2018) Elicitor mediated adventitious root culture for the large-scale production of anthraquinones from Oldenlandia umbellata L. Ind Crop Prod 114:173–179. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2018.01.069
Kumar A, Mishra P, Singh SC, Sundaresan V (2014) Efficiency of ISSR and RAPD markers in genetic divergence analysis and conservation management of Justicia adhatoda L., a medicinal plant. Plant Syst Evol 300:1409–1420. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00606-013-0970-z
Kumar S, Ambreen H, Murali TV et al (2015) Assessment of genetic diversity and population structure in a global reference collection of 531 accessions of Carthamus tinctorius L. (safflower) using AFLP markers. Plant Mol Biol Report 33:1299–1313. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11105-014-0828-8
Kumar Yadav H, Ranjan A, Asif MH et al (2011) EST-derived SSR markers in Jatropha curcas L.: development, characterization, polymorphism, and transferability across the species/genera. Tree Genet Genomes 7:207–219. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11295-010-0326-6
Kumari P, Samant SS, Puri S et al (2019) Diversity, indigenous uses and traditional practices of dye yielding plants in Central Himachal Pradesh, north western Himalaya. Indian J Tradit Knowl 18:560–564
Kumari P, Yadav P, Arya A, Kumar S (2013) In vitro callus production and anti-bacterial activity of Barleria prionitis Linn. against dental caries pathogens. Int J Bot Res 3:1–6
Lakhotia P, Singh KP, Singh SK et al (2014) Influence of biotic and abiotic elicitors on production of betalain pigments in bougainvillea callus cultures. Indian J Hortic 71:373–378
Lan TTP, Huy ND, Luong NN et al (2019) Effect of salicylic acid and yeast extract on curcuminoids biosynthesis gene expression and curcumin accumulation in cells of Curcuma zedoaria. J Plant Biotechnol 46:172–179. https://doi.org/10.5010/JPB.2019.46.3.172
Ledford H (2019) Global plant extinctions mapped. Nat Commun 570:1–2
Li H, Cao H, Cai YF et al (2014) The complete chloroplast genome sequence of sugar beet (Beta vulgaris ssp. vulgaris). Mitochondrial DNA 25:209–211. https://doi.org/10.3109/19401736.2014.883611
Li P, Zhan X, Que Q et al (2015) Genetic diversity and population structure of Toona ciliata Roem: based on sequence-related amplified polymorphism (SRAP) markers. Forests 6:1094–1106. https://doi.org/10.3390/f6041094
Liu T, Yu S, Xu Z et al (2020) Prospects and progress on crocin biosynthetic pathway and metabolic engineering. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 18:3278–3286. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.csbj.2020.10.019
Liu X, Dong Y, Yao N et al (2015) De novo sequencing and analysis of the safflower transcriptome to discover putative genes associated with safflower yellow in Carthamus tinctorius L. Int J Mol Sci 16:25657–25677. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms161025657
Liu Y, Ahmed S, Liu B et al (2014) Ethnobotany of dye plants in Dong communities of China. J Ethnobiol Ethnomed 10:1–8. https://doi.org/10.1186/1746-4269-10-23
Lone SA, Yadav AS, Bajaj A et al (2012) Conservation strategies for threatened medicinal plant—Barleria prionitis L.—using in vitro and ex vitro propagation techniques. Arch Phytopathol Plant Protect 45:1327–1340. https://doi.org/10.1080/03235408.2012.673301
Lowe R, Shirley N, Bleackley M et al (2017) Transcriptomics technologies. PLoS Comput Biol 13:1–23. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1005457
Lu H, Giordano F, Ning Z (2016) Oxford Nanopore min ION sequencing and genome assembly. Genomics Proteomics Bioinforma 14:265–279. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gpb.2016.05.004
Lucioli S, Di Bari C, Forni C et al (2018) Anthocyanic pigments from elicited in vitro grown shoot cultures of Vaccinium corymbosum L., cv. Brigitta Blue, as photosensitizer in natural dye-sensitized solar cells (NDSSC). J Photochem Photobiol B 188:69–76. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2018.09.002
Luro F, Venturini N, Costantino G et al (2012) Genetic and chemical diversity of citron (Citrus medica L.) based on nuclear and cytoplasmic markers and leaf essential oil composition. Phytochemistry 77:186–196. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phytochem.2011.12.013
Mandal J, Laxminarayana U (2014) Indirect shoot organogenesis from leaf explants of Adhatoda vasica Nees. Springerplus 3:1–8. https://doi.org/10.1186/2193-1801-3-648
Manzoor J, Sharma M (2019) Impact of textile dyes on human. Health Environ 2019:162–169. https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-0311-9.ch008
Mariadoss A, Satdive R, Fulzele DP et al (2020) Enhanced production of anthraquinones by gamma-irradiated cell cultures of Rubia cordifolia in a bioreactor. Ind Crop Prod 145:111987. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2019.111987
Martí M, Diretto G, Aragonés V et al (2020) Efficient production of saffron crocins and picrocrocin in Nicotiana benthamiana using a virus-driven system. Metab Eng 61:238–250. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ymben.2020.06.009
Mascher M, Schreiber M, Scholz U et al (2019) Genebank genomics bridges the gap between the conservation of crop diversity and plant breeding. Nat Genet 51:1076–1081. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41588-019-0443-6
Mastan SG, Sudheer PDVN, Rahman H et al (2011) Molecular characterization of intra-population variability of Jatropha curcas L. using DNA based molecular markers. Mol Biol Rep 39:4383–4390. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11033-011-1226-z
Matsumoto T (2017) Cryopreservation of plant genetic resources: conventional and new methods. Rev Agric Sci 5:13–20. https://doi.org/10.7831/ras.5.13
Maurya R, Yadav HK (2016) Microsatellite markers based heterozygosity assessment in Jatropha curcas L.: a potential bioenergy crop. Trop Plant Res 3:191–198
McGettigan PA (2013) Transcriptomics in the RNA-seq era. Curr Opin Chem Biol 17:4–11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cbpa.2012.12.008
Medipally SR, Naresh B, Manoj Kumar S et al (2014) Somatic embryogenesis from leaf and shoot tip explants of Jatropha curcas L. Indian J Sci Technol 7:1842–1846. https://doi.org/10.17485/ijst/2014/v7i11.3
Meenakshi K, Jamkhedkar S, George IA (2016) Molecular profiling of some Barleria species using rbcL, matK gene sequences and RAPD markers. J Appl Hortic 18:203–206. https://doi.org/10.37855/jah.2016.v18i03.35
Mishra AK, Tiwari KN, Mishra P et al (2019) Effect of cytokinin and MS medium composition on efficient shoot proliferation of Nyctanthes arbor-tristis L. through cotyledonary node explant and evaluation of genetic fidelity and antioxidant capacity of regenerants. South Afr J Bot 127:284–292. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sajb.2019.09.008
Mohamed N, Taha RM (2011) Plant regeneration of Clitoria ternatea from leaf explants cultured in vitro. J Food, Agric Environ 9:268–270
Mohammed A, Chiruvella KK, Namsa ND, Ghanta RG (2015) An efficient in vitro shoot regeneration from leaf petiolar explants and ex vitro rooting of Bixa orellana L.—a dye yielding plant. Physiol Mol Biol Plants 21:417–424. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12298-015-0297-z
Mohanan NN, Nehru J, Botanic T, Mathew PJ (2016) Live plants of JNTBGRI
Moose SP, Mumm RH (2008) Molecular plant breeding as the foundation for 21st century crop improvement. Plant Physiol 147:969–977. https://doi.org/10.1104/pp.108.118232
Mridula MR, Nair AS (2018) Rapid micro-propagation of Wrightia tinctoria (ROXB.) R Br: a medicinal tree. Int J Bot Stud 3:126–131
Munir M, Hussain A, Ul-Haq I et al (2012) Callogenesis potential of cotyledonary explants of Althaea rosea L. from Pakistan. Pakistan J Bot 44:271–275
Mutharaian VN, Kamalakannan R, Mayavel A et al (2018) DNA polymorphisms and genetic relationship among populations of Acacia leucophloea using RAPD markers. J For Res 29:1013–1020. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11676-017-0574-5
Nair DS et al (2016) In vitro regeneration and conservation of indigo (Indigofera tinctoria L.) by slow growth induction. Int J Environ Agric Biotechnol 1:873–884
Namedo GA (2007) Plant cell elicitation for production of secondary metabolites: a review. Rev Lit Arts Am 1:69–79
Nanda RM, Nayak S, Rout GR (2004) Studies on genetic relatedness of Acacia tree species using RAPD markers. Biologia (Bratisl) 59:115–120
Naresh V, Yamini KN, Rajendrakumar P, Kumar VD (2009) EST-SSR marker-based assay for the genetic purity assessment of safflower hybrids. Euphytica 170:347–353. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10681-009-9995-3
Nasirujjaman K, Uddin S, Zaman S, Md R abu (2005) Micropropagation of turmeric (Curcuma longa Linn.) through in vitro rhizome bud culture. J Biol Sci 5: 490–492. doi:https://doi.org/10.3923/jbs.2005.490.492
Naz R, Anis M, Aref I (2012) Assessment of the potentiality of TDZ on multiple shoot induction in Bauhinia tomentosa L., a woody legume. Acta Biol Hung 63:474–482. https://doi.org/10.1556/ABiol.63.2012.4.6
Nic Lughadha E, Bachman SP, Leão TCC et al (2020) Extinction risk and threats to plants and fungi. Plants People Planet 2:389–408. https://doi.org/10.1002/ppp3.10146
Nikhil M, Dudhare MS, Jadhav PV et al (2014) In vitro shoot regeneration and plantlet in vitro shoot regeneration and plantlet development in safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.). Bioscan 9:551–555
Osuagwu AN, Edem UL (2020) Evaluation of genetic diversity in aerial yam (Dioscorea bulbifera L) using simple sequence repeats (SSR) markers agrotechnology. Agrotechnology 9:1–7. https://doi.org/10.35248/2168-9881.20.9.202
Pal M, Chaudhury A (2010) High frequency direct plant regeneration, micropropagation and Shikonin induction in Arnebia hispidissima. J Crop Sci Biotechnol 13:13–19. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12892-009-0127-3
Pal K, Chowdhury S, Dutta SK et al (2020) Analysis of rhizome colour content, bioactive compound profiling and ex-situ conservation of turmeric genotypes (Curcuma longa L.) from sub-Himalayan Terai region of India. Ind Crops Prod 150:112401. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2020.112401
Panahi B, Ghorbanzadeh Neghab M (2013) Genetic characterization of Iranian safflower (Carthamus tinctorius) using inter simple sequence repeats (ISSR) markers. Physiol Mol Biol Plants 19:239–243. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12298-012-0155-1
Panapitiya PDDM, Welikala N (2018) Development of RAPD, DAMD and ISSR markers for authentication of medicinal plant Cassia auriculata and its adulterant Cassia surattensis. Int J Environ Agric Biotechnol 3:1906–1912. https://doi.org/10.22161/ijeab/3.5.43
Panda BM, Hazra S (2012) Micropropagation of Semecarpus anacardium L.: a medicinally important tree species. Plant Biosyst 146:61–68. https://doi.org/10.1080/11263504.2012.727877
Pandeya K, Tiwari KN, Singh J et al (2010) In vitro propagation of Clitoria ternatea L.: a rare medicinal plant. J Med Plant Res 4:664–668. https://doi.org/10.5897/ajb2014.13852
Panigrahi J, Gantait S, Patel IC (2017) An efficient in vitro approach for direct regeneration and callogenesis of Adhatoda vasica Nees, a potential source of quinazoline alkaloids. Natl Acad Sci Lett 40:319–324. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40009-017-0596-8
Papafotiou M, Antoniou I, Akoumianaki-Ioannidou I (2010) Studies on in vitro propagation of Bauhinia variegata. Acta Hortic 885:263–266
Parimalan R, Mahendranath G, Giridhar P (2014) Analysis of water soluble polysaccharides as a potential chemotaxonomic marker for landraces in Bixa orellana. Indian J Biochem Biophys 51:81–86
Parimalan R, Mahendranath G, Giridhar P, Ravishankar G a (2011a) Abiotic elicitor mediated augmentation of annatto pigment production in standing crop of Bixa orellana L. Indian J Fundam Appl Life Sci 1: 229–236
Parimalan R, Venugopalan A, Giridhar P, Ravishankar GA (2011b) Somatic embryogenesis and Agrobacterium-mediated transformation in Bixa orellana L. Plant Cell Tissue Organ Cult 105:317–328. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11240-010-9870-x
Patil SH, Kurlapkar DD, Gaikwad DK (2019) Short communication: dye-yielding plant resources of Maharashtra, India: a checklist. Biodiversitas 20:250–266
Pillai SK, Siril EA (2019) Enhanced production of berberine through callus culture of Tinospora cordifolia (Willd.) Miers ex Hook F. and Thoms. Proc Natl Acad Sci India Sect B Biol Sci 323–331. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s40011-019-01106-9
Poornima S, Ambika S (2012) Intraspecific diversity and conservation of an important natural food dye yielding plant Bixa orellana L. Indian J Fundam Appl Life Sci 2:114–125
Prasuna S, Srinivas B (2015) In vitro regeneration studies of Oxalis corniculata from nodal explants. Int J Recent Sci Res 6:6216–6220
Praveena C, Veeresham C (2014) Multiple shoot regeneration and effect of sugars on growth and nitidine accumulation in shoot cultures of Toddalia asiatica. Pharmacogn Mag 10:S480–S486. https://doi.org/10.4103/0973-1296.139777
Qosim WA, Patarapuwadol S, Watanabe KN (2011) Development of SSR markers of mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana L.). Int Res J Biotechnol 2:1–8
Qu J, Zhang W, Yu X (2011) A combination of elicitation and precursor feeding leads to increased anthocyanin synthesis in cell suspension cultures of Vitis vinifera. Plant Cell Tiss Org Cult 107:261–269. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11240-011-9977-8
Quadri RR, Kamili AN, Teixeira JA (2012) In vitro multiplication of Arnebia benthamii Wall., a critically endangered medicinal herb of the western Himalayas. Med Aromat Plant Sci Biotchnol 6:54–57
Rafii MY, Shabanimofrad M, Puteri Edaroyati MW, Latif MA (2012) Analysis of the genetic diversity of physic nut, Jatropha curcas L. accessions using RAPD markers. Mol Biol Rep 39:6505–6511. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11033-012-1478-2
Ram GD, Chauhan SS, Verma DK (2012) In vitro propagation of Jatropha curcas from embryo and nodal explants. An Int Quart J Life Sci 7:251–254
Ram M, Prasad KV, Singh SK et al (2013) Influence of salicylic acid and methyl jasmonate elicitation on anthocyanin production in callus cultures of Rosa hybrida L. Plant Cell Tiss Org Cult 113:459–467. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11240-013-0287-1
Ramachandra MN, Karuppusamy S, Krishnamurthy YL (2014) Micropropagation of Caralluma stalagmifera var. longipetala: a rare succulent medicinal plant from Karnataka. India Afr J Biotechnol 13:3553–3559. https://doi.org/10.5897/ajb2014.13852
Ramadugu C, Keremane ML, Hu X et al (2015) Genetic analysis of citron (Citrus medica L.) using simple sequence repeats and single nucleotide polymorphisms. Sci Hortic 195:124–137. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2015.09.004
Rao K (2004) Plant genetic resources: advancing conservation and use through biotechnology. Afr J Biotechnol 2004:136–145
Rao RV, Hodgkin T (2002) Genetic diversity and conservation and utilization of plant genetic resource. Plant Cell Tissue Organ Cult 68:1–19
Rathore MS, Yadav S, Yadav P et al (2015) Micropropagation of elite genotype of Jatropha curcas L. through enhanced axillary bud proliferation and ex vitro rooting. Biomass Bioenergy 83:501–510. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biombioe.2015.10.023
Ren BQ, Xiang XG, Chen ZD (2010) Species identification of Alnus (Betulaceae) using nrDNA and cpDNA genetic markers. Mol Ecol Resour 10:594–605. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1755-0998.2009.02815.x
Roa C, Hamilton RS, Wenzl P, Powell W (2016) Plant genetic resources: needs, rights, and opportunities. Trends Plant Sci 21:633–636
Robarts DWH, Wolfe AD (2014) Sequence-related amplified polymorphism (SRAP) markers: a potential resource for studies in plant molecular biology. Appl Plant Sci 2:1400017. https://doi.org/10.3732/apps.1400017
Romero-López N, Luna-Martínez F, Gallegos-Brito C et al (2019) An integrated genetic linkage map of Bixa orellana L. Tree Genet Genomes 15:1–11. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11295-019-1371-4
Rostika I, Sunarlim N, Mariska I (2008) Micropropagation of mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana). Indones J Agric 1:28–33. https://doi.org/10.5070/s5231022264
Sahoo A, Jena S, Kar B et al (2017) EST-SSR marker revealed effective over biochemical and morphological scepticism towards identification of specific turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) cultivars. 3. Biotech 7:1–12. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13205-017-0701-1
Sahoo A, Kar B, Sahoo S et al (2019) De novo transcriptome sequencing explored cultivar specific sequence variation and differential expression of pigment synthesis genes in turmeric (Curcuma longa L.). Ind Crop Prod 134:388–402. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2019.04.021
Sakunphueak A, Panichayupakaranant P (2010) Increased production of naphthoquinones in Impatiens balsamina root cultures by elicitation with methyl jasmonate. Bioresour Technol 101:8777–8783. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2010.06.067
Sarangi BK, Minami Y, Thul ST (2015) RNA-Seq analysis for indigo biosynthesis pathway genes in Indigofera tinctoria and Polygonum tinctorium. Genomics Data 6:212–213. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gdata.2015.09.021
Saranya Krishnan SR, Siril EA (2016) Induction of hairy roots and over production of anthraquinones in Oldenlandia umbellata L.: a dye yielding medicinal plant by using wild type Agrobacterium rhizogenes strain. Indian J Plant Physiol 21:271–278. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40502-016-0229-0
Sathiyabama M, Bernstein N, Anusuya S (2016) Chitosan elicitation for increased curcumin production and stimulation of defence response in turmeric (Curcuma longa L.). Ind Crop Prod 89:87–94. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2016.05.007
Schmutzer T, Bolger ME, Rudd S et al (2017) Bioinformatics in the plant genomic and phenomic domain: the German contribution to resources, services and perspectives. J Biotechnol 261:37–45
Sehgal D, Raina SN (2005) Genotyping safflower (Carthamus tinctorius) cultivars by DNA fingerprints. Euphytica 146:67–76. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10681-005-8496-2
Senan S, Kizhakayil D, Sheeja TE et al (2013) Novel polymorphic microsatellite markers from turmeric, Curcuma longa L. (Zingiberaceae). Acta Bot Croat 72:407–412. https://doi.org/10.2478/botcro-2013-0002
Senarath WTPSK (2010) In vitro propagation of Coscinium fenestratum (Gaertn.) Colebr. (Menispermaceae)—an endangered medicinal plant. J Natl Sci Found Sri Lanka 38:219–223. https://doi.org/10.4038/jnsfsr.v38i4.2648
Senthilkumar N, Gurusubramanian G (2011) Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers and its applications. In: Proceedings of the “National Level Workshop on Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) Markers and It’s Applications” organized. pp 116–124
Shah MR, George IA (2019) Increased biomass and pigment production from Cassia alata L. callus cultures and their potential as a textile dye. Ind Crop Prod 128:346–353. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2018.11.018
Shah M, George IA (2020) Pigment elicitation and sun protection factor of callus induced from Cassia tora seedling explants. Plant Cell Tiss Org Cult 143:201–210. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11240-020-01913-3
Sharma KD, Piqueras A (2010) Saffron (Crocus sativus L.) tissue culture: micropropagation and secondary metabolite production. Funct Plant Sci Biotechnol 2010:64–73
Sharma S, Sudheer Pamidimarri DVN, Vijay Anand KG, Reddy MP (2011) Assessment of genetic stability in micropropagules of Jatropha curcas genotypes by RAPD and AFLP analysis. Ind Crop Prod 34:1003–1009. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2011.03.008
Shiji PC, Siril EA (2018) An improved micropropagation and ex vitro rooting of a commercially important crop Henna (Lawsonia inermis L.). Physiol Mol Biol Plants 24:1273–1284. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12298-018-0600-x
Shkryl YN, Veremeichik GN, Makhazen DS et al (2016) Increase of anthraquinone content in Rubia cordifolia cells transformed by native and constitutively active forms of the AtCPK1 gene. Plant Cell Rep 35:1907–1916. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00299-016-2005-z
Shukla P, Singh A, Gawri S, Alexander A, Sonwane S (2011) In Vitro Propagation Of Barleria Prionitis Linn And Its Antibacterial. Int J Pharma Prof Res 2:198–200
Sigrist MS, Pinheiro JB, Filho JAA, Zucchi MI (2011) Genetic diversity of turmeric germplasm (Curcuma longa; Zingiberaceae) identified by microsatellite markers. Genet Mol Res 10:419–428. https://doi.org/10.4238/vol10-1gmr1047
Siju S, Dhanya K, Syamkumar S et al (2010a) Development, characterization and utilization of genomic microsatellite markers in turmeric (Curcuma longa L.). Biochem Syst Ecol 38:641–646. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bse.2010.08.006
Siju S, Dhanya K, Syamkumar S et al (2010b) Development, characterization and cross species amplification of polymorphic microsatellite markers from expressed sequence tags of turmeric (Curcuma longa L.). Mol Biotechnol 44:140–147. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12033-009-9222-4
Silja PK, Satheeshkumar K (2015) Establishment of adventitious root cultures from leaf explants of Plumbago rosea and enhanced plumbagin production through elicitation. Ind Crop Prod 76:479–486. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2015.07.021
Silja PK, Gisha GP, Satheeshkumar K (2014) Enhanced plumbagin accumulation in embryogenic cell suspension cultures of Plumbago rosea L. following elicitation. Plant Cell Tiss Org Cult 119:469–477. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11240-014-0547-8
Silva DM, Siqueira MVBM, Carrasco NF et al (2016) Genetic diversity among air yam (Dioscorea bulbifera) varieties based on single sequence repeat markers. Genet Mol Res 15:1–11. https://doi.org/10.4238/gmr.15027929
Singh J, Tiwari KN (2010) Evaluation of cotyledonary node of Clitoria ternatea L. for high frequency in vitro axillary shoot proliferation. Asian J Plant Sci 9:351–357. https://doi.org/10.3923/ajps.2010.351.357
Singh M, Sonkusale S, Niratker C, Shukla P (2014) Micropropagation of Shorea robusta: an economically important woody plant. J For Sci 60:70–74. https://doi.org/10.17221/80/2013-jfs
Singh AK, Nanda P, Singh A, Singh B (2015) Genetic diversity analysis in turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) based on SSR markers. J Biol Eng Res Rev 2:20–24
Siril EA, Joseph N (2013) Micropropagation of annatto (Bixa orellana L.) from mature tree and assessment of genetic fidelity of micropropagated plants with RAPD markers. Physiol Mol Biol Plants 19:147–155. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12298-012-0150-6
Siva R (2007) Status of natural dyes in India. Curr Sci 92:916–925
Siva R, Mayes S, Behera SK, Rajasekaran C (2012) Anthraquinones dye production using root cultures of Oldenlandia umbellata L. Ind Crop Prod 37:415–419. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2011.12.027
Siva R, Rajasekaran C, Mudgal G (2009) Induction of somatic embryogenesis and organogenesis in Oldenlandia umbellata L., a dye-yielding medicinal plant. Plant Cell Tissue Organ Cult 98:205–211. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11240-009-9553-7
Sivalingam PN, Singh D, Chauhan S (2012) Morphological and molecular diversity of an underutilized fruit crop—Cordia myxa L. germplasm from the arid region of Rajasthan, India. Genet Resour Crop Evol 59:305–316. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10722-011-9781-7
Sobir S, Poerwanto R, Santosa E et al (2011) Genetic variability in apomictic mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana) and its close relatives (Garcinia spp.) based on ISSR markers. Biodiversitas J Biol Divers 12:59–63. https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d120201
Song H, Mao W, Shang Y et al (2021) A regeneration system using cotyledons and cotyledonary node explants of Toona ciliata. J For Res 32:967–974. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11676-020-01189-5
Sonnino A (2017) International instruments for conservation and sustainable use of plant genetic resources for food and agriculture: an historical appraisal. Diversity 9:1–19. https://doi.org/10.3390/d9040050
Soundar Raju C, Aslam A, Shajahan A (2015) High-efficiency direct somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration from leaf base explants of turmeric (Curcuma longa L.). Plant Cell Tiss Org Cult 122:79–87. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11240-015-0751-1
Sreenivas VK, Jisha VN, Martin KP, Madhusoodanan PV (2011) Bridelia stipularis: a new source for anthocyanin production in vitro. Acta Physiol Plant 33:2051–2056. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11738-011-0735-7
Sudhersan C, Jibimanuel S, Ashkanani J (2013) Somatic embryogenesis and production of synthetic seeds in ziziphus. Acta Hortic 993:83–90. https://doi.org/10.17660/ActaHortic.2013.993.12
Sykłowska-Baranek K, Pietrosiuk A, Naliwajski MR et al (2012) Effect of l-phenylalanine on PAL activity and production of naphthoquinone pigments in suspension cultures of Arnebia euchroma (Royle) Johnst. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Plant 48:555–564. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11627-012-9443-2
Techen N, Parveen I, Khan IA (2017) A single molecular marker to distinguish between species of Dioscorea. Genome 60:1–7. https://doi.org/10.1139/gen-2015-0105
Teixeira da Silva JA, Zeng S, Godoy-Hernández G et al (2019) Bixa orellana L. (achiote) tissue culture: a review. Vitr Cell Dev Biol-Plant 55:231–241. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11627-019-09969-3
Thamilarasi K, Ram MK, Lohot VD, et al (2016) Genetic diversity analysis of Palas [Butea monosperma (Lam.) Taub.] flower variants through random amplified polymorphic DNA. Indian J Plant Genet Resour 29187. doi:https://doi.org/10.5958/0976-1926.2016.00027.9
Tian YS, Fu XY, Yang ZQ et al (2020) Metabolic engineering of rice endosperm for betanin biosynthesis. New Phytol 225:1915–1922. https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.16323
Torelli A, Marieschi M, Bruni R (2014) Authentication of saffron (Crocus sativus L.) in different processed, retail products by means of SCAR markers. Food Control 36:126–131. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodcont.2013.08.001
Tyagi RK, Agrawal A, Mahalakshmi C et al (2007) Low-cost media for in vitro conservation of turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) and genetic stability assessment using RAPD markers. Vitr Cell Dev Biol Plant 43:51–58. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11627-006-9000-y
Tyub S, Kamili AN, Bhat MM (2016) In vitro propagation of Althaea rosea—a valuable medicinal plant of Kashmir Himalaya. J Nat Nat Sci 1(5):1–4. https://doi.org/10.26859/jnnsci.v1i01.9596
Uchoi A, Malik SK, Choudhary R et al (2017) Molecular markers in assessing genetic variation of Indian citron (Citrus medica L.) cultivars collected from different parts of India. Indian J Biotechnol 16:346–356
Valdez-Ojeda R, Hernández-Stefanoni JL, Aguilar-Espinosa M et al (2008) Assessing morphological and genetic variation in annatto (Bixa orellana L.) by sequence-related amplified polymorphism and cluster analysis. Hort Science 43:2013–2017. https://doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.43.7.2013
Valletta A, De Angelis G, Badiali C et al (2016) Acetic acid acts as an elicitor exerting a chitosan-like effect on xanthone biosynthesis in Hypericum perforatum L. root cultures. Plant Cell Rep 35:1009–1020. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00299-016-1934-x
Van Eck JM, Smith FD (2018) Tissue culture. In: Environmentally safe approaches to crop disease control. Routledge, Abingdon, UK, pp 317–331
Varshney RK, Graner A, Sorrells ME (2005) Genic microsatellite markers in plants: features and applications. Trends Biotechnol 23:48–55
Vashishtha A, Jehan T, Lakhanpaul S (2013) Genetic diversity and population structure of Butea monosperma (Lam.) Taub.—a potential medicinal legume tree. Physiol Mol Biol Plants 19:389–397. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12298-013-0170-x
Vashishtha A, Sharma K, Lakhanpaul S (2014) DNA profiling of Ziziphus mauritiana (Lam.) and Butea monosperma (Lam.) taub. for Lac cultivation in India. Proc Natl Acad Sci India Sect B Biol Sci 84:593–601. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40011-014-0332-9
Vengadesan G, Ganapathi A, Anand RP, Anbazhagan VR (2000) In vitro organogenesis and plant formation in Acacia sinuata. Plant Cell Tiss Org Cult 61:23–28
Venkatasubramanian SPB (2011) Molecular identification and development of nuclear DNA its sequence based marker to distinguish Coscinium fenestratum Gaertn. (Menispermaceae) from its adulterants. Curr Trends Biotechnol Pharm 5:1163–1172
Verma S, Singh S, Sharma S et al (2015) Assessment of genetic diversity in indigenous turmeric (Curcuma longa) germplasm from India using molecular markers. Physiol Mol Biol Plants 21:233–242. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12298-015-0286-2
Vijayakumar J, Ponmanickam P, Samuel P et al (2017) Influence of meta-topolin on efficient plant regeneration via micropropagation and organogenesis of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) cv. NARI-H-15. Am J Plant Sci 08:688–705. https://doi.org/10.4236/ajps.2017.84048
Vos P, Hogers R, Bleeker M et al (1995) AFLP: a new technique for DNA fingerprinting. Nucleic Acids Res 23:4407–4414. https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/23.21.4407
Wambugu PW, Ndjiondjop MN, Henry RJ (2018) Role of genomics in promoting the utilization of plant genetic resources in genebanks. Brief Funct Genomics 17:198–206
Wani MS, Gupta RC, Munshi AH, Sharma V (2018a) Genetic diversity and structure of Betula utilis accessions of north-western Himalaya based on RAPD and ISSR markers. Nucleus 61:145–152. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13237-018-0239-6
Wani MS, Sharma V, Gupta RC, Munshi AH (2018b) Development and characterization of SSR markers in Himalayan species Betula utilis. J For Res 31. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11676-019-00932-x
Warakagoda PS, Subasinghe S (2013) In vitro propagation of Pterocarpus santalinus L. (red sandalwood) through tissue culture. J Natl Sci Found Sri Lanka 41:53–63. https://doi.org/10.4038/jnsfsr.v41i1.5333
Warakagoda PS, Subasinghe S, Gunasekare MTK (2017) In vitro clonal propagation of Cosoinium fenestratum (Gertn.) Colebr. (Weniwel) through nodal explants. J Natl Sci Found Sri Lanka 45:133–141. https://doi.org/10.4038/jnsfsr.v45i2.8179
Warhade MI, Badere RS (2018) Fusarium oxysporum cell elicitor enhances betalain content in the cell suspension culture of Celosia cristata. Physiol Mol Biol Plants 24:285–293. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12298-018-0511-x
Website Singapore Government (2021) Our gardens. Singapore Bot. Gard. http://www.hort.vt.edu/hhg/gardens.html
Weise S, Oppermann M, Maggioni L et al (2017) EURISCO: the European search catalogue for plant genetic resources. Nucleic Acids Res 45:D1003–D1008. https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkw755
Wen M, Wang H, Xia Z et al (2010) Development of EST-SSR and genomic-SSR markers to assess genetic diversity in Jatropha Curcas L. BMC Res Notes 3:1–8. https://doi.org/10.1186/1756-0500-3-42
Wu J, Chen W, Zhang Y et al (2020) Metabolic engineering for improved curcumin biosynthesis in Escherichia coli. J Agric Food Chem 68:10772–10779. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.0c04276
Wu ZH, Liao R, Dong X et al (2019) Complete chloroplast genome sequence of Carthamus tinctorius L. from PacBio sequel platform. Mitochondrial DNA Part B Resour 4:2635–2636. https://doi.org/10.1080/23802359.2019.1643799
Wuest DM, Hou S, Lee KH (2019) Metabolic engineering. In: Comprehensive biotechnology. Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp 647–658
Yamamoto M, Ito A, Sogabe A et al (2017) Shoot-tip culture of acerola (Malpighia glabra L.). Trop Agric Dev 61:57–61. https://doi.org/10.11248/jsta.61.57
Yarra R, Mushke R, Velmala M (2018) In vitro approaches for conservation and sustainable utilization of Butea monosperma (Lam.) Taub. Var. Lutea (Witt.) Maheshwari: a highly valuable medicinal plant. In: Biotechnological approaches for medicinal and aromatic plants. Springer, Cham, pp 346–351
Yeotkar SD, Malode SN, Waghmare VN, Thakre P (2011) Genetic relationship and diversity analysis of Clitoria ternatea variants and Clitoria biflora using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers. Afr J Biotechnol 10:18065–18070. https://doi.org/10.5897/AJB11.1423
Zegeye H (2017) In situ and ex situ conservation: complementary approaches for maintaining biodiversity. Int J Res Environ stu 4:1–12
Zhao H, Li Y, Petkowski J et al (2021) Genomic prediction and genomic heritability of grain yield and its related traits in a safflower genebank collection. Plant Genome 14:1–15. https://doi.org/10.1002/tpg2.20064
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2022 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Varghese, R., Doss, C.G.P., Rajasekaran, C., Seenivasan, R., Senthilkumar, T., Ramamoorthy, S. (2022). Conservation of Plant Genetic Resources: A Special Reference to Dye-Yielding Plants. In: Ramamoorthy, S., Buot, I.J., Chandrasekaran, R. (eds) Plant Genetic Resources, Inventory, Collection and Conservation. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-7699-4_20
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-7699-4_20
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Singapore
Print ISBN: 978-981-16-7698-7
Online ISBN: 978-981-16-7699-4
eBook Packages: Biomedical and Life SciencesBiomedical and Life Sciences (R0)