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Zinc and zinc-containing biomolecules in childhood brain tumors

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Abstract

Zinc ions are essential cofactors of a wide range of enzymes, transcription factors, and other regulatory proteins. Moreover, zinc is also involved in cellular signaling and enzymes inhibition. Zinc dysregulation, deficiency, over-supply, and imbalance in zinc ion transporters regulation are connected with various diseases including cancer. A zinc ion pool is maintained by two types of proteins: (i) zinc-binding proteins, which act as a buffer and intracellular donors of zinc and (ii) zinc transporters responsible for zinc fluxes into/from cells and organelles. The decreased serum zinc ion levels have been identified in patients suffering from various cancer diseases, including head and neck tumors and breast, prostate, liver, and lung cancer. On the contrary, increased zinc ion levels have been found in breast cancer and other malignant tissues. Zinc metalloproteomes of a majority of tumors including brain ones are still not yet fully understood. Current knowledge show that zinc ion levels and detection of certain zinc-containing proteins may be utilized for diagnostic and prognostic purposes. In addition, these proteins can also be promising therapeutic targets. The aim of the present work is an overview of the importance of zinc ions, zinc transporters, and zinc-containing proteins in brain tumors, which are, after leukemia, the second most common type of childhood cancer and the second leading cause of death in children after accidents.

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Acknowledgments

This research was carried out under the project CEITEC 2020 (LQ1601) with financial support from the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the Czech Republic under the National Sustainability Programme II. The financial support from the project AZV CR 15-28334A and from the Ministry of Health of the Czech Republic for conceptual development of research organization 00064203 (University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic) is highly acknowledged.

Author contributions

J.H., T.E., and M.S. wrote and discussed the chapter “The roles of zinc ions and their transporter proteins in cell and tissue development” and conceived the study. Z.H. prepared and critically reviewed “Zinc ions and zinc containing proteins as possible therapeutic targets”. S.K. and V.A. prepared “Zinc, zinc-containing biomolecules and childhood brain tumors” and “Utilization of zinc and zinc containing proteins for cancer diagnostics” and conceived the study.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Paediatric Haematology and Oncology, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Motol, Charles University, V Uvalu 84, CZ-150 06, Prague 5, Czech Republic

    Jan Hrabeta & Tomas Eckschlager

  2. Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Albertov 2030, CZ-128 40, Prague 2, Czech Republic

    Marie Stiborova

  3. Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00, Brno, Czech Republic

    Zbynek Heger, Sona Krizkova & Vojtech Adam

  4. Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkynova 123, CZ-612 00, Brno, Czech Republic

    Zbynek Heger, Sona Krizkova & Vojtech Adam

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  1. Jan Hrabeta
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  2. Tomas Eckschlager
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  3. Marie Stiborova
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Correspondence to Vojtech Adam.

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Hrabeta, J., Eckschlager, T., Stiborova, M. et al. Zinc and zinc-containing biomolecules in childhood brain tumors. J Mol Med 94, 1199–1215 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00109-016-1454-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00109-016-1454-8

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