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An overview on enzyme-mimicking nanomaterials for use in electrochemical and optical assays

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Abstract

Various kinds of nanomaterials have been described in recent years that represent stable and low-cost alternatives to biomolecules (such as enzymes) for use in (bio)analytical methods. The materials typically include, metal/metal oxides, metal complexes, nanocomposites, porphyrins, phthalocyanines, smart polymers, and carbonaceous nanomaterials. Due to their biomimetic and other properties, such nano-materials may replace natural enzymes in chemical sensors, biosensors, and in various kinds of bioassays. This overview (with 252 references) highlights the analytical potential of such nanomaterials. It is divided into sections on (a) the types of nanomaterials according to their intrinsic nature, (b) non-enzymatic sensor designs (including electrochemical, colorimetric, fluorescent and chemiluminescent methods), and (c), applications of non-enzymatic sensors in the biomedical, environmental and food analysis fields. We finally address current challenges and future directions.

This review discusses different types of nanomaterials, which are explored as a potential biomimetic material to replace the natural enzyme in the field of biosensors, and have found widespread applications in biomedical, food and environmental analysis.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Interdisciplinary Research Centre in Biomedical Materials (IRCBM), COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Lahore, Pakistan

    Muhammad Nasir, Mian Hasnain Nawaz, Usman Latif, Mustansara Yaqub, Akhtar Hayat & Abdur Rahim

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  1. Muhammad Nasir
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  2. Mian Hasnain Nawaz
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  3. Usman Latif
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  4. Mustansara Yaqub
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Nasir, M., Nawaz, M.H., Latif, U. et al. An overview on enzyme-mimicking nanomaterials for use in electrochemical and optical assays. Microchim Acta 184, 323–342 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00604-016-2036-8

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