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Mechanisms Used by Plant Growth-Promoting Bacteria

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Bacteria in Agrobiology: Plant Nutrient Management

Abstract

Plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) facilitate plant growth in two ways, either by direct stimulation or by biocontrol (i.e., suppressive activity against soil-borne diseases). The direct stimulation of plant growth may be a consequence of nitrogen fixation, phosphate solubilization, iron sequestration, synthesis of phytohormones (such as auxins, cytokinins, and gibberellins), or modulation of plant ethylene levels. The biocontrol activity of PGPB is typically a consequence of the ability of the bacteria to synthesize antibiotics, fungal cell wall degrading enzymes such as chitinase, siderophore activity, or induction of systemic resistance within the plant. Any particular PGPB may possess one or several of these activities. This review presents an overview of the fundamental mechanisms that PGPB utilize to facilitate plant growth, emphasizing recent developments in this field. The rationale for examining these basic mechanisms in detail is that the understanding gained through such an endeavor should ensure that the subsequent use of these organisms in the field, in agriculture, horticulture, and environmental cleanup, is both efficacious and highly reproducible.

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Acknowledgments

The work from our laboratories that is cited here was supported by funds from the Italian Ministry of Education, University and Research and the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Dipartimento di Scienze dell’Ambiente e della Vita, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Viale Teresa Michel 11, Alessandria, 15121, Italy

    Elisa Gamalero

  2. Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada, N2L 3G1

    Bernard R. Glick

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  1. Elisa Gamalero
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  2. Bernard R. Glick
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Correspondence to Elisa Gamalero .

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  1. , Dept. of Botany Microbiology, Gurukul Kangri University, Haridwar (Uttarakhand), 249404, India

    Dinesh K. Maheshwari

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Gamalero, E., Glick, B.R. (2011). Mechanisms Used by Plant Growth-Promoting Bacteria. In: Maheshwari, D. (eds) Bacteria in Agrobiology: Plant Nutrient Management. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-21061-7_2

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