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Advances in Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated genetic transformation of graminaceous crops

  • Special Issue: Cell Biology in Agricultural and Food Science
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Abstract

Steady increase in global population poses several challenges to plant science research, including demand for increased crop productivity, grain yield, nutritional quality and improved tolerance to different environmental factors. Transgene-based approaches are promising to address these challenges by transferring potential candidate genes to host organisms through different strategies. Agrobacterium-mediated gene transfer is one such strategy which is well known for enabling efficient gene transfer in both monocot and dicots. Due to its versatility, this technique underwent several advancements including development of improved in vitro plant regeneration system, co-cultivation and selection methods, and use of hyper-virulent strains of Agrobacterium tumefaciens harbouring super-binary vectors. The efficiency of this method has also been enhanced by the use of acetosyringone to induce the activity of vir genes, silver nitrate to reduce the Agrobacterium-induced necrosis and cysteine to avoid callus browning during co-cultivation. In the last two decades, extensive efforts have been invested towards achieving efficient Agrobacterium-mediated transformation in cereals. Though high-efficiency transformation systems have been developed for rice and maize, comparatively lesser progress has been reported in other graminaceous crops. In this context, the present review discusses the progress made in Agrobacterium-mediated transformation system in rice, maize, wheat, barley, sorghum, sugarcane, Brachypodium, millets, bioenergy and forage and turf grasses. In addition, it also provides an overview of the genes that have been recently transferred to these graminaceous crops using Agrobacterium, bottlenecks in this technique and future possibilities for crop improvement.

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Acknowledgments

The authors’ work in the area of millet genomics is supported by the core grant of the National Institute of Plant Genome Research (NIPGR), New Delhi, India. Mr. Roshan K Singh acknowledges the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Government of India, New Delhi, for awarding Research Fellowship. The authors also acknowledge Mr. Mehanathan Muthamilarasan, NIPGR, for his helpful suggestions.

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  1. National Institute of Plant Genome Research (NIPGR), Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, JNU Campus, New Delhi, 110 067, India

    Roshan Kumar Singh & Manoj Prasad

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  1. Roshan Kumar Singh
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Singh, R.K., Prasad, M. Advances in Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated genetic transformation of graminaceous crops. Protoplasma 253, 691–707 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00709-015-0905-3

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