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Grinding with minimum quantity lubrication: a comparative assessment

  • Critical Review
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Abstract

Conventional lubrication systems are used in grinding operations to reduce friction and defects produced during machining. Mineral-based oils, commonly used as conventional lubricants, were observed to produce greenhouse wastes that are hazardous to the environment. The minimum quantity lubrication (MQL) system, an eco-friendly, economical, and less hazardous lubrication technique, is affirmed to be an efficient substitute for these conventional lubricants. Nevertheless, the pure vegetable and synthetic oils used in MQL systems have lower tribological and thermal evacuation properties compared to conventional lubricants. Many adjustments and improvements have been introduced into the MQL system such as the introduction of nanofluids, cryogenic air, ionic fluids, and electrostatic atomization. This study aims to come up with an extensive review and analytical assessment of the trends and developments of the MQL system in grinding operations. Firstly, the different advances ranging from fluid types, additives, and redesigns of the MQL systems are discussed. Likewise, the results obtained from using different types of lubricants and nanofluids in the MQL system were discussed. Moreover, a detailed comparative assessment of the grinding performances between the MQL systems, dry grinding, and conventional lubrication was provided. It was found that the nanofluid MQL system produced 60% lower surface roughness and reduced the grinding forces by 30% compared to flood cooling systems. Lastly, the area of focus for research on grinding with MQL system for future advancements was proposed. The various advancements include the introduction of nanofluid varieties and the overall modification of the grinding system.

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Abbreviations

CFL:

Conventional flood lubricant

MQL:

Minimum quantity lubrication

U :

Specific grinding energy

NMQL:

Nano-biolubricant minimum quantity lubrication

CC:

Cryogenic cooling

Fn:

Normal grinding force

Ft:

Tangential grinding force

Ra:

Surface roughness

CMQL:

Cryogenic minimum quantity lubrication

ND:

Nano-diamond

TEM:

Transmission electron microscopy

FT-IR:

Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy

TGA:

Thermogravimetric analysis

CoF:

Coefficient of friction

UAG:

Ultrasonic assisted grinding

CBN:

Cubic boron nitride

Ft/Fn:

Force ratio

SEM:

Scanning electron microscope

CNT:

Carbon nanotubes

MWCNT:

Multi-walled carbon nanotubes

ISO:

International organization for standardization

2D:

Two dimensional

MRR:

Material removal rate

XRD:

X-ray diffraction

DLS:

Dynamic light scattering

LN2:

Liquefied nitrogen

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Funding

The study was financially supported by the National Key Research and Development Program, China (2020YFB2010500), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (52105457 and 51975305), the Special Fund of Taishan Scholars Project (tsqn202211179), the Youth Talent Promotion Project in Shandong (SDAST2021qt12), and the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province, China (ZR2023QE057, ZR2022QE028, ZR2020KE027, and ZR2021QE116).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao, 266520, China

    Y. S. Dambatta, Changhe Li, Min Yang, L. I. Beikai, Teng Gao, Mingzheng Liu, Xin Cui & Xiaoming Wang

  2. Mechanical Engineering Department, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, 810106, Nigeria

    Y. S. Dambatta

  3. State Key Laboratory of Ultra-Precision Machining Technology, Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China

    Yanbin Zhang

  4. College of Engineering, University of Sharjah, 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates

    Zafar Said

  5. Department of Mechanical Engineering, IK Gujral Punjab Technical University, Chandigarh, Punjab, 144603, India

    Shubham Sharma

  6. Hanergy (Qingdao) Lubrication Technology Co., Ltd., Qingdao, 266100, China

    Zongming Zhou

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  1. Y. S. Dambatta
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  2. Changhe Li
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  9. Yanbin Zhang
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  10. Zafar Said
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Correspondence to Changhe Li.

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Dambatta, Y., Li, C., Yang, M. et al. Grinding with minimum quantity lubrication: a comparative assessment. Int J Adv Manuf Technol 128, 955–1014 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-023-11962-5

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