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Specific Energy and G ratio of Grinding Cemented Carbide under Different Cooling and Lubrication Conditions

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Abstract

Workpiece surface integrity deterioration is a bottleneck in minimum quantity lubrication (MQL) grinding cemented carbide. However, nanofluids prepared by adding nanoparticles with excellent antifriction and antiwear properties achieve improved lubrication characteristics. In this study, a surface grinding experiment under four working conditions (i.e., dry, flood, MQL, and nanofluid minimum quantity lubrication (NMQL)) with cemented carbide YG8 is conducted to confirm the effectiveness of NMQL grinding. Results show that the minimum specific grinding force (Ft′ = 13.47 N/mm, Fn′ = 2.84 N/mm), friction coefficient (μ = 0.21), specific grinding energy (U = 17.02 J/mm3), and the largest G ratio of 6.52 are obtained using NMQL grinding. Furthermore, no evident furrow and large deformation layers are found on the surface of the workpiece. Moreover, the scanning electron microscope (SEM) images display that the debris is strip-shaped and slenderer than that under the other working conditions. Meanwhile, the blockage of the wheel pore is improved. Therefore, the validity of NMQL in grinding cemented carbide is verified.

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Abbreviations

MQL:

Minimum quantity lubrication

NMQL:

Nanofluid minimum quantity lubrication

SEM:

Scanning electron microscope

v s :

Wheel speed (r/min)

v w :

Feed rate (mm/min)

a p :

Grinding depth (μm)

α :

Nozzle angle (°)

P :

Gas pressure (MPa)

F t :

Tangential grinding force (N)

F n :

Normal grinding force (N)

B :

Grinding width (mm)

F t′:

Specific tangential grinding force (N/mm)

F n′:

Specific normal grinding force (N/mm)

μ :

Friction coefficient

U :

Specific grinding energy (J/mm3)

P :

Total energy consumed in grinding (J)

Q w :

Removal rate of unit volume material (mm3/s)

G ratio:

Grinding ratio

V w :

Unit volume of material removal

V s :

Unit volume of grinding wheel wear

D m :

Average diameter of the grinding wheel (mm)

ΔR :

Radius change of the grinding wheel before and after grinding (mm)

V i :

Workpiece volume before grinding (mm3)

V f :

Workpiece volume after grinding (mm3)

d 0 :

Initial diameter of grinding wheel (mm)

d 1 :

Radial diameter of wheel after grinding (mm)

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Funding

This research was financially supported by the following Foundation items: The National Natural Science Foundation of China (51575290 and 51806112), Major Research Project of Shandong Province (2017GGX30135 and 2018GGX103044), Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation, China (ZR2017PEE002 and ZR2017PEE011).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao, 266520, China

    Wentao Wu, Changhe Li, Min Yang, Yanbin Zhang & Yali Hou

  2. School of Mechanical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities, Tongliao, 028000, China

    Dongzhou Jia

  3. Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089–1111, USA

    Runze Li

  4. School of Mechanical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China

    Huajun Cao

  5. Shandong Peng’ao Oil Technology Co. Ltd, Qingzhou, 262500, China

    Zhiguang Han

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  1. Wentao Wu
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  2. Changhe Li
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  3. Min Yang
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  4. Yanbin Zhang
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  5. Dongzhou Jia
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  7. Runze Li
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  8. Huajun Cao
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  9. Zhiguang Han
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Correspondence to Changhe Li or Min Yang.

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Highlights

• A surface grinding experiment of cemented carbide YG8 under different lubricating conditions was carried out.

• The lubrication properties of dry, flood, minimum quantity lubrication (MQL), and nanofluid minimum quantity lubrication (NMQL) grinding cemented carbide YG8 were compared.

• The surface morphology of workpiece and debris was analyzed.

• The grinding wheel surfaces under four working conditions were studied.

• The validity of NMQL grinding cemented carbide was verified.

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Wu, W., Li, C., Yang, M. et al. Specific Energy and G ratio of Grinding Cemented Carbide under Different Cooling and Lubrication Conditions. Int J Adv Manuf Technol 105, 67–82 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-019-04156-5

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