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Central Nervous System Myelin

  • Chapter
Structural Elements of the Nervous System

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Abstract

In the first edition of the Handbook of Neurochemistry, Mokrasch1 reviewed the biochemical literature on myelin through 1967. In the intervening 15 years, hundreds of research articles and numerous reviews about myelin have been published, encouraged both by the growth of neuroscience and the development of several methods for detailed analysis of membrane proteins and lipids. Although much new biochemical information is available, our basic concepts of the morphological structure2,3 and principal function4 of myelin have changed little since 1967. The concept that the multilamellar myelin membrane is produced by the oligodendroglial cell is well accepted, although the molecular events involved in the proliferation of oligodendroglial cells and the mechanics of wrapping of a single oligodendroglial plasma membrane around multiple axons are an enigma to neurobiologists. The role of myelin in the establishment of saltatory conduction is still thought to be its primary function. However, the details of how this conduction is established and how it is reestablished in remyelinating systems continue to be active areas of investigation,5,6 particularly with regard to the relationship between axonal ion channels and glial membrane. This chapter emphasizes advances in the biochemistry of myelin over the past 15 years. Review articles are cited extensively where appropriate to minimize redundancy.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Neurology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, 48201, USA

    Joyce A. Benjamins

  2. Department of Biochemistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, 27514, USA

    Pierre Morell

  3. Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, 63178, USA

    Boyd K. Hartman

  4. Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, 63178, USA

    Harish C. Agrawal

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  1. Joyce A. Benjamins
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  2. Pierre Morell
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  4. Harish C. Agrawal
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Center for Neurochemistry, Wards Island, New York, USA

    Abel Lajtha

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Benjamins, J.A., Morell, P., Hartman, B.K., Agrawal, H.C. (1984). Central Nervous System Myelin. In: Lajtha, A. (eds) Structural Elements of the Nervous System. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-4586-2_14

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