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Recent Developments in Generation of Marker-Free Transgenic Plants

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Advances in Plant Transgenics: Methods and Applications

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Abstract

A plant modified through artificial insertion of a foreign DNA into its genome is referred to as “genetically modified plant” or a “transgenic” plant. The selection of the transgenic tissues during the genetic transformation process is based on the constitutively expressed marker gene(s) coding for reporters, such as those conferring resistance against antibiotics and/or herbicides. In this direction, Agrobacterium-mediated genetic co-transformation is arguably the most commonly used technique to transfer the gene(s) of interest as well as the marker gene(s). However, the latter is purposeless once a transgenic tissue has been selected. Although these marker genes are important for screening purposes, they exhibit safety concerns for the environment as well as among consumers. At times, commercial transgenic plants transfer these gene(s) to the weeds or other organisms, leading to the development of resistance among nontarget plants. Moreover, the escape of such gene could affect the wild relatives or land races via gene flow. Therefore, in order to maintain sustainability, removing the marker gene(s) from a transgenic crop is of utmost importance, prior to its commercialization. Hitherto, several methodologies have been evolved for the development of a marker-free transgenic crop. In the present summary, we discuss the merits and the shortcomings of the Agrobacterium-mediated genetic co-transformation. In addition, we review the recent developments among other approaches and their impacts and suggest directions for their maximum utilization in the near future.

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Acknowledgments

The authors would like to acknowledge the support from Projeto NORTE-01-0145-FEDER000017- INTERACT/ VitalityWINE, cofinanced by FEDER/Programa NORTE 2020, and Plataforma de inovação da vinha e do vinho-innovine&wine, Norte-01-0145-FEDER000038. Postdoctoral research grant (BPD/UTAD/INNOVINE&WINE/ 424/2016) to RKS is also acknowledged. Financial support (PEst-OE/QUI/UI0616/2014) provided to the Research Unit in Vila Real by Fundaçãopara a Ciência e Tecnologia (FCT), Portugal, and COMPETE is also acknowledged. Assistances from the project UID/AGR/04033/2013 and National Funds by FCT (Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology) and the European Investment Funds by FEDER/COMPETE/POCI Operacional Competitiveness and Internationalization Programme under the Project POCI-01-0145-FEDER-006958 are also recognized. Chemistry center of Vila Real (CQ-VR) is gratefully acknowledged.

Conflict of Interest

The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest.

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Author notes

  1. Nitin Bohra

    Present address: Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology, Warangal, Telangana, India

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Centro de Química de Vila Real (CQ-VR), Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal

    Rupesh Kumar Singh

  2. CITAB – Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, UTAD, Vila Real, Portugal

    Lav Sharma

  3. School of Genetics and Biotechnology, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, UTAD, Vila Real, Portugal

    Nitin Bohra

  4. ICAR- Directorate of Onion and Garlic Research, Rajgurunagar, Pune, Maharashtra, India

    Sivalingam Anandhan

  5. Red de Estudios Moleculares Avanzados, Instituto de Ecología A. C., ClusterBioMimic®, Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico

    Eliel Ruiz-May

  6. Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Centro Interdisciplinario de Investigación para el Desarrollo Integral Regional Unidad Sinaloa (CIIDIR-IPN Unidad Sinaloa), Laboratorio de Fitomejoramiento Molecular, Guasave, Sinaloa, México

    Francisco Roberto Quiroz-Figueroa

Authors
  1. Rupesh Kumar Singh
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  5. Eliel Ruiz-May
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  6. Francisco Roberto Quiroz-Figueroa
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Correspondence to Rupesh Kumar Singh .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Plant Genetic Engineering Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India

    Ramalingam Sathishkumar

  2. String Bio Private Ltd, IBAB Campus, Bangalore, India

    Sarma Rajeev Kumar

  3. Department of Biotechnology, PSG College of Technology, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India

    Jagadeesan Hema

  4. Plant Genetic Engineering Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India

    Venkidasamy Baskar

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Singh, R.K., Sharma, L., Bohra, N., Anandhan, S., Ruiz-May, E., Quiroz-Figueroa, F.R. (2019). Recent Developments in Generation of Marker-Free Transgenic Plants. In: Sathishkumar, R., Kumar, S., Hema, J., Baskar, V. (eds) Advances in Plant Transgenics: Methods and Applications. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-9624-3_6

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