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Isolation of microcrystalline cellulose from Musa paradisiaca (banana) plant leaves: physicochemical, thermal, morphological, and mechanical characterization for lightweight polymer composite applications

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Abstract

Natural cellulose owing to its remarkable microstructural and physiochemical behaviour, and its eco-friendliness have attracted significant interest among the researchers. Therefore, in this work, microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) is extracted from the Musa paradisiaca plant leaf (MPPL) debris which is accumulated in large quantity and treated as waste material. The purified micro-cellulose is obtained by subjecting the MPPL raw material to alkali treatment followed by acid hydrolysis, bleaching and slow pyrolysis. From the FT-IR spectra of the cleaned cellulose, it is observed that its amorphous phase is eliminated. The crystallinity index is found to be 87.42% and this value is attributed to the sodium chlorite bleaching. The particle size analyzer results show that the micro-cellulose found to have a bimodal distribution with an average size of 35.97 μm and standard deviation 16.53. It is evident from SEM that the microcrystalline cellulose is of semi-spherical in shape and found to be aggregated with uneven distribution. Further, TGA analysis is carried out in this work and the results show that the microcrystalline cellulose can exhibit high heat resistance up to 297 °C. Surface roughness values (Ra) for MPPL MCC is 58.41 μm. The properties are well suited for futuristic polymer composite applications such as filler addition in biofilm for packaging industries and coating material in pharma industries.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, SRKR Engineering College, Bhimavaram, 534204, India

    M. Indra Reddy

  2. Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chennai, 603203, India

    M. Indra Reddy & Prabhu Sethuramalingam

  3. Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Karnataka, Surathkal, Mangalore, 575025, India

    Ranjeet Kumar Sahu

Authors
  1. M. Indra Reddy
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  2. Prabhu Sethuramalingam
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  3. Ranjeet Kumar Sahu
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Contributions

M. Indra Reddy: Conducted the experimental works and reported the primary results and written original manuscript. Prabhu Sethuramalingam: Planned the whole work, supervised, and corrected the main manuscript text. Ranjeet Kumar Sahu: Corrected the technical content in the manuscript. All authors reviewed the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Prabhu Sethuramalingam.

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Reddy, M.I., Sethuramalingam, P. & Sahu, R.K. Isolation of microcrystalline cellulose from Musa paradisiaca (banana) plant leaves: physicochemical, thermal, morphological, and mechanical characterization for lightweight polymer composite applications. J Polym Res 31, 114 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10965-024-03969-7

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