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Facile exfoliation and physicochemical characterization of biomass-based cellulose derived from Pandanus tectorius leaves for sustainable environment

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Abstract

Cellulose present in natural plant sources has better potentials to replace traditional synthetic fibers. However, a lack of knowledge and awareness on cellulose hinders efforts to fully utilize this extremely biodegradable resource. This study aims to extract and characterize the microcrystalline cellulose (MC) obtained from Pandanus tectorius leaves. The MC particles are extracted with the aid of alkaline and chemical treatment. The extracted MC powder is in pure white color and further investigated with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy (UV), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and scanning electron microscopy analysis (SEM) to understand its physicochemical properties and surface morphology. The band gap energy of exfoliated MC was 4.21 eV; with crystallinity index and degree of crystallinity of 76.8% and 81.4%, the dislocation density is calculated as 0.002. Thermal stability of MC particle was up to 470 °C; further increment in temperature degrades the MC particles. The obtained results depict that exfoliated MC particles have better band gap, and it can be used for food packing industries, and furthermore, this type of waste plant weeds can be converted in to useful MC particles to be used as a filler material in developing polymer matrix composite.

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The data that support the findings of this study are available on request from the corresponding author. The data are not publicly available due to privacy or ethical restrictions.

Funding

This research was fully supported by King Mongkut’s University of Technology North Bangkok under grant no. KMUTNB-Post-66-08.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Centre for Material Science, Karpagam Academy of Higher Education, Coimbatore, 641021, India

    V Kavimani & PM Gopal

  2. Natural Composites Research Group Lab, Department of Materials and Production Engineering, The Sirindhorn International Thai-German School of Engineering (TGGS), King Mongkut’s University of Technology North Bangkok (KMUTNB), Bangkok, 10800, Thailand

    Divya Divakaran, Indran Suyambulingam, MR Sanjay & Suchart Siengchin

  3. Biorefinery and Process Automation Engineering Centre, Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, The Sirindhorn International Thai-German Graduate School of Engineering, King Mongkut’s University of Technology North Bangkok (KMUTNB), Bangkok, 10800, Thailand

    Malinee Sriariyanun

  4. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Coimbatore Institute of Technology, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641014, India

    G Suganya Priyadharshini

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  1. V Kavimani
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Contributions

Kavimani V—writing original draft, visualization, and data curation.

Divya Divakaran—conceptualization, investigation, methodology, writing original draft, visualization, and data curation.

Malinee Sriariyanun—resources, formal analysis, validation, writing—review and editing, project administration, supervision, funding acquisition.

Suganya Priyadharshini G and Gopal PM—investigation, formal analysis, validation.

Indran Suyambulingam, Sanjay MR—conceptualization, investigation, methodology, visualization and supported for data interpretation.

Suchart Siengchin—resources, conceptualization, validation, writing—review and editing, supervision, funding acquisition.

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Correspondence to Divya Divakaran.

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Kavimani, V., Divakaran, D., Sriariyanun, M. et al. Facile exfoliation and physicochemical characterization of biomass-based cellulose derived from Pandanus tectorius leaves for sustainable environment. Biomass Conv. Bioref. (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13399-023-04187-9

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