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Hydrogen Sulfide: A new warrior in assisting seed germination during adverse environmental conditions

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Abstract

Seed, being a truly static period of the plant's existence, is exposed to a variety of biotic and abiotic shocks during dormancy that causes many cellular alterations. To improve its germination and vigor, the seed industry employs a variety of invigoration techniques, which are commonly referred to as seed priming procedures. The treatment with an exogenous H2S donor such as sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS) has been proven to improve seed germination. The H2S molecule is not only a key contributor to the signal transduction pathway meant for the sensation of seed exposure to various biotic and abiotic stresses but also contribute toward the alleviation of different abiotic stress. Although it was initially recognized as a toxic molecule, later its identification as a third gaseous transmitter molecule unveiled its potential role in seed germination, root development, and opening of stomata. Its involvement in cross talks with several other molecules, including plant hormones, also guides numerous physiological responses in the seeds, such as regulation of gene expression and enzymatic activities, which contribute to reliving various biological and non-biological stresses. However, the other metabolic pathways that could be implicated in the dynamics of the germination process when H2S is used are unclear. These pathways possibly may contribute to the seed germinability process with improved performance and stress tolerance. The present review briefly addresses the signaling and physiological impact of H2S in improving seed germination on exposure to various stresses.

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Funding

The authors are grateful to the MJIIT-KL Universiti Teknologi Malaysia. The financial support from the EU supported project Sustainable Process Integration Laboratory–SPIL funded as project No. CZ.02.1.01/0.0/0.0/15_003/0000456, by Czech Republic Operational Programme Research and Development, Education, Priority 1: Strengthening capacity for quality research under the collaboration agreement with Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru has also been gratefully acknowledged. Mohsen Mesbah is a researcher of UTM under the Post-Doctoral Fellowship Scheme with Vote Number R.K130000.7113.05E83.

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Author notes

  1. Arun Meyyazhagan and Balamuralikrishnan Balasubramanian have contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Microbiology, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana, 125004, India

    Pankaj Sharma

  2. Department of Life Science, CHRIST (Deemed to Be University), Bengaluru, Karnataka, 560076, India

    Arun Meyyazhagan

  3. Nutritional Improvement of Crops, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India

    Murugesh Easwaran

  4. Department of Agriculture and Life Industry, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon-DO, 24341, Republic of Korea

    Mayur Mukut Murlidhar Sharma

  5. School of Agricultural Sciences, K.R. Mangalam University, Sohna Rural, Haryana, 122103, India

    Sahil Mehta

  6. School of Comparative Indic Studies & Tribal Science, Kalinga Institute of Social Sciences (KISS-DU), Bhubaneswar, 751024, Odisha, India

    Vimal Pandey

  7. Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524088, People’s Republic of China

    Wen-Chao Liu

  8. Malaysia-Japan International Institute of Technology Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Jalan Sultan Yahya Petra, 54100, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

    Hesam Kamyab

  9. Department of Biomaterials, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, 600 077, India

    Hesam Kamyab

  10. Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, South Korea

    Balamuralikrishnan Balasubramanian

  11. Department of Bioinformatics and Medical Engineering, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan

    Rathinasamy Baskaran

  12. Sustainable Process Integration Laboratory (SPIL), Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, NETME Centre, Brno University of Technology - VUT Brno, Technická 2896/2, 616 00, Brno, Czech Republic

    Jiří Jaromír Klemeš

  13. Engineering Department, Razak Faculty of Technology and Informatics, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Jln sultan Yahya Petra, 54100, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

    Mohsen Mesbah & Shreeshivadasan Chelliapan

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  1. Pankaj Sharma
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Contributions

This review article was carried out in collaboration with the authors. Writing-original draft, PS, AM: Draft preparation, review, and editing, selected bibliographic sources, ME, MMMS, SM, VP, WL, RB, MM, SC, and BB: Conceptualization, Writing-review and editing, proofreading, supervising.; HK., JJK., BB: Coordinated the working group, AM, ME, BB. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Hesam Kamyab, Balamuralikrishnan Balasubramanian or Mohsen Mesbah.

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Sharma, P., Meyyazhagan, A., Easwaran, M. et al. Hydrogen Sulfide: A new warrior in assisting seed germination during adverse environmental conditions. Plant Growth Regul 98, 401–420 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10725-022-00887-w

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