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Materials for Indian Space Program: An Overview

  • Review Article
  • Published:
Journal of the Indian Institute of Science Aims and scope

Abstract

Materials are the backbone of any engineering structure and aerospace materials technologies are therefore closely guarded, in view of their dual use. Indian national space programmes such as the development of Polar and Geosynchronous satellite launch vehicles, communication and remote sensing satellites, recoverable space capsule, interplanetary missions such as Chandrayaan and Mangalyaan are symbols of the country’s pride and owe their success largely to the dedicated efforts of material scientists towards development and indigenization of performance critical aerospace materials and products, over the years. The well-planned initiatives taken by ISRO in the early 1970s for the indigenous production of many of the structural and functional materials for the satellite launch vehicle programme were the earliest seeds sown which have yielded remarkable results in meeting the strategic material requirements of the present day, not only for space sector, but also in atomic energy and defense programs of India. Technology denials have in a way indirectly helped the country achieve self-reliance and in establishing large scale facilities required for meeting the materials demands of these strategic sectors. It is an undeniable fact that successfully meeting the critical requirements of all materials for Indian space programmes indigenously has been made possible through the dedicated efforts of teams which overcame several hurdles and challenges. This overview on the materials for Indian space program provides a glimpse of the efforts put to realize structural, thermo-structural and functional materials that are being used for various types of space missions. It presents the efforts in producing aerospace quality metallic materials like ultra-high strength maraging steels, aluminium, magnesium, titanium alloys, stainless steels, superalloys, powder metallurgical products and functional materials like electronic materials and thermal protection systems, in the past five decades. The overview culminates with discussion on the recent advances and future directions in aerospace materials and manufacturing.

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Acknowledgements

Authors sincerely wish to thank their colleagues at Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre, Trivandrum for their incredible commitment in realizing space materials and making India self-reliant in a number of material systems for space applications. They wholeheartedly acknowledge each and every researcher, who has contributed to the success of materials development. They thank Director, VSSC for his kind permission for publishing this work.

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  1. Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre, Trivandrum, 695 022, India

    S. V. S. Narayana Murty & S. C. Sharma

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  1. S. V. S. Narayana Murty
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  2. S. C. Sharma
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Correspondence to S. V. S. Narayana Murty.

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Narayana Murty, S.V.S., Sharma, S.C. Materials for Indian Space Program: An Overview. J Indian Inst Sci 102, 513–559 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s41745-021-00284-8

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