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Climate change regulated abiotic stress mechanisms in plants: a comprehensive review

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Abstract

Global climate change is identified as a major threat to survival of natural ecosystems. Climate change is a dynamic, multifaceted system of alterations in environmental conditions that affect abiotic and biotic components of the world. It results in alteration in environmental conditions such as heat waves, intensity of rainfall, CO2 concentration and temperature that lead to rise in new pests, weeds and pathogens. Climate change is one of the major constraints limiting plant growth and development worldwide. It impairs growth, disturbs photosynthesis, and reduces physiological responses in plants. The variations in global climate have gained the attention of researchers worldwide, as these changes negatively affect the agriculture by reducing crop productivity and food security. With this background, this review focuses on the effects of elevated atmospheric CO2 concentration, temperature, drought and salinity on the morphology, physiology and biochemistry of plants. Furthermore, this paper outlines an overview on the reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and their impact on the biochemical and molecular status of plants with increased climatic variations. Also additionally, different tolerance strategies adopted by plants to combat environmental adversities have been discussed.

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Abbreviations

ABA:

Abscisic acid

RO· :

Alkoxy radical

APX:

Ascorbate peroxidase

AsA:

Ascorbic acid

ATP:

Adenosine triphosphate

BAP:

6-Benzyl aminopurine

BR:

Brassinosteroids

CAT:

Catalase

DNA:

Deoxyribonucleic acid

EBL/EBR:

24-Epibrassinolide

ET:

Ethylene

ET:

Evapotranspiration

FC:

Field capacity

GA:

Gibberellic acid

GB:

Glycine betaine

GHGs:

Green house gases

GPX:

Guaiacol peroxidase

GR:

Glutathione reductase

GSH:

Glutathione

GWAS:

Genome-wide association studies

OH· :

Hydroxyl radical

H2O2 :

Hydrogen peroxide

HSP:

Heat shock protein

IPCC:

Intergovernmental panel on climate change

JA:

Jasmonic acid

MAS:

Marker-assisted selection

MeJA:

Methyl jasmonate

MDA:

Malondialdehyde

MYB:

Myeloblastosis

NADPH:

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate

NAR:

Net assimilation rate

NPA:

Naphthylphthalamic acid

PGPR:

Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria

POX:

Peroxidase

PS II:

Photosystem II

QTL:

Quantitative trait loci

ROS:

Reactive oxygen species

RuBisCO:

Ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase oxygenase

SA:

Salicylic acid

1O2 :

Singlet oxygen

SOD:

Superoxide dismutase

O2 · − :

Superoxide radical

TF:

Transcription factors

WHC:

Water holding capacity

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Acknowledgements

Gagan Preet Singh Sidhu acknowledges Centre for Applied Biology in Environment Sciences (CABES), RUSA-2.0 for providing funding for research.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Environmental Studies, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, Haryana, 136119, India

    Smita Chaudhry

  2. Centre for Applied Biology in Environment Sciences, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, Haryana, 136119, India

    Smita Chaudhry & Gagan Preet Singh Sidhu

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  1. Smita Chaudhry
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Dr. Smita Chaudhry and Dr. Gagan Preet Singh Sidhu designed and wrote the review. The authors contributed equally and approved the review article.

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Correspondence to Gagan Preet Singh Sidhu.

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Chaudhry, S., Sidhu, G.P.S. Climate change regulated abiotic stress mechanisms in plants: a comprehensive review. Plant Cell Rep 41, 1–31 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00299-021-02759-5

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