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Characterization of the temporal and spatial expression of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) plant height at the QTL level and their influence on yield-related traits

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Abstract

Key message

The temporal and spatial expression patterns of stable QTL for plant height and their influences on yield were characterized.

Abstract

Plant height (PH) is a complex trait in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) that includes the spike length (SL) and the internode lengths from the first to the fifth internode, which are counted from the top and abbreviated as FIRITL, SECITL, THIITL, FOUITL, and FIFITL, respectively. This study identified eight putative additive quantitative trait loci (QTL) for PH. In addition, unconditional and conditional QTL mapping were used to analyze the temporal and spatial expression patterns of five stable QTL for PH. qPh-3A mainly regulated SL, FIRITL, and FIFITL to affect PH during the booting–heading stage (BS–HS); qPh-3D regulated all internode lengths to affect PH, especially during the BS–HS; before HS, qPh-4B mainly affected FIRITL, SECITL, THIITL, and FOUITL and qPh-5A.1 mainly affected SECITL, THIITL, and FOUITL to regulate PH; and qPh-6B mainly regulated FIRITL to affect the PH after the booting stage (BS). qPhdv-4B, a QTL for the response of PH to nitrogen stress, was stable and co-localized with qPh-4B. All five stable QTL, except for qPh-3A, were related to the 1000 kernel weight and yield per plant. Regions of qPh-3A, qPh-3D, qPh-4B, qPh-5A.1, and qPh-6B showed synteny to parts of rice chromosomes 1, 1, 3, 9, and 2, respectively. Based on comparative genomics analysis, Rht-B1b was cloned and mapped in the CI of qPh-4B. This report provides useful information for fine mapping of the stable QTL for PH and the genetic improvement of wheat plant type.

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Abbreviations

PH:

Plant height

PHC:

Plant height components

SL:

Spike length

SEL:

Spike extension length

FIRITL:

The first internode length from the top

SECITL:

The second internode length from the top

THIITL:

The third internode length from the top

FOUITL:

The fourth internode length from the top

FIFITL:

The fifth internode length from the top

JS:

Jointing stage

BS:

Booting stage

HS:

Heading stage

PVE:

Phenotypic variance explanation

H (L) N:

High (Low) nitrogen

PHDV:

The difference PH values for each line in each trial between the HN and LN

YRT:

Yield-related trait

SPP:

Spikes per plant

KNPS:

Kernel number per spike

YPP:

Yield per plant

TKW:

1000 kernel weight

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Acknowledgements

This research was supported by Grants from the National Basic Research Program of China (2014CB138100), National Natural Science Foundation of China (31471573), Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences (XDA08030107), the Youth Innovation Promotion Association (2016095), Hebei Provincial Science and Technology Research and Development Project (16226320D), and China Agriculture Research System (CARS-03-01B). We gratefully acknowledge the generous assistance and technical support from Compass Biotechnology Company (Beijing, China), and we also want to thank Miss Liu Shuai for her warm and thoughtful service.

Author Contribution Statement

Na Zhang, Fa Cui, Xiaoli Fan and Junming Li designed research; Fa Cui, Xiaoli Fan, Na Zhang, Chunhua Zhao and Mei Chen conducted genotyping of the KJ-RIL population; Fa Cui, Xiaoli Fan, Na Zhang, Chunhua Zhao, Wei Zhang, Xueqiang Zhao, Lijuan Yang, Ji Jun, Jie Han, Mei Chen, Dongcheng Liu, Yiping Tong, Zongwu Zhao and Junming Li conducted phenotyping of the KJ-RIL population; Na Zhang, Fa Cui and Xiaoli Fan analyzed data and wrote the paper; Junming Li, Aimin Zhang and Tao Wang had primary responsibility for final content. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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    Authors and Affiliations

    1. Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang, 050022, China

      Na Zhang, Fa Cui, Chunhua Zhao, Wei Zhang, Mei Chen, Jie Han, Jun Ji & Junming Li

    2. Genetic Improvement Centre of Agricultural and Forest Crops, College of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai, 264025, China

      Fa Cui

    3. Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China

      Xiaoli Fan & Tao Wang

    4. Xinxiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xinxiang, 453000, China

      Lijuan Yang & Zongwu Zhao

    5. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 10049, China

      Na Zhang, Ruiqing Pan, Mei Chen & Jie Han

    6. State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China

      Fa Cui, Wei Zhang, Xueqiang Zhao, Jun Ji, Dongcheng Liu, Yiping Tong, Aimin Zhang & Junming Li

    Authors
    1. Na Zhang
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    2. Xiaoli Fan
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    3. Fa Cui
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    4. Chunhua Zhao
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    5. Wei Zhang
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    6. Xueqiang Zhao
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    7. Lijuan Yang
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    8. Ruiqing Pan
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    9. Mei Chen
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    10. Jie Han
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    11. Jun Ji
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    12. Dongcheng Liu
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    13. Zongwu Zhao
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    14. Yiping Tong
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    15. Aimin Zhang
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    16. Tao Wang
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    17. Junming Li
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    Corresponding authors

    Correspondence to Fa Cui or Junming Li.

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    The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

    Ethical standards

    All of the authors have read and have abided by the statement of ethical standards for manuscripts submitted to Theoretical and Applied Genetics.

    Additional information

    Communicated by Ian Mackay.

    N. Zhang, X. Fan and F. Cui have contributed equally to this work.

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    Cite this article

    Zhang, N., Fan, X., Cui, F. et al. Characterization of the temporal and spatial expression of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) plant height at the QTL level and their influence on yield-related traits. Theor Appl Genet 130, 1235–1252 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00122-017-2884-6

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    • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00122-017-2884-6

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