Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

The relationship of differential expression of genes in GA biosynthesis and response pathways with heterosis of plant height in a wheat diallel cross

  • Articles/Crop Breeding
  • Published:
Chinese Science Bulletin

Abstract

Heterosis in internode elongation and plant height is commonly observed in hybrid plants, but the molecular basis for the increased internode elongation in hybrids is unknown. In this study, midparent heterosis in plant height was determined in a wheat diallel cross involving 16 hybrids and 8 parents, and real-time PCR was used to analyze alterations in gene expression between hybrids and parents. Significant heterosis of plant height and the first internode in length were observed for all 16 hybrids, but the magnitude of heterosis was variable for different cross combinations. Analysis revealed that the heterosis of the first internode was significantly correlated to that of plant height (r = 0.56, P < 0.05), suggesting that the increased elongation of the first internode is the major contributor to the heterosis in plant height. Real-time PCR analysis exhibited that significant difference in heterosis of gene expression was observed among all cross combinations. Moreover, heterosis of the first internode in length was correlated significantly and positively with expression heterosis of KS, GA3ox2-1, GA20ox2, GA20ox1D, GA-MYB and GID1-1, but significantly and negatively with expression heterosis of GAI and GA2ox-1, which is consistent with our recently proposed model of GAs and heterosis in wheat plant height, suggesting the alteration of GA biosynthesis and response pathways might be responsible for the observed heterosis in plant height.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Yang T X, Zeng M Q, Li J G. Corn heterosis and isozyme studies IV. Analysis of the hybrid enzyme on the peroxidase isoenzyme (in Chinese). Genetics, 1981, 3: 31–33

    Google Scholar 

  2. Dai J R, Luo M Z, Han Y S. Relationship of maize peroxidase, esterase isozyme and hybrid production (in Chinese). Acta Agron Sin, 1989, 15: 193–201

    Google Scholar 

  3. Li Z Q, Wang Z R. Relationship between heterosis and endogenous plant hormones in liriodendron. Acta Bot Sin, 2002, 44: 698–701

    Google Scholar 

  4. Zhao Q Z, Lu D B, Cheng X Y, et al. The heterosis of canopy photosynthetic rate and bleeding intensity of hybrid wheat. Sci Agricult Sin, 2002, 35: 925–928

    Google Scholar 

  5. Mohammad A, Sparker Z, Murayama S, et al. Physio-morphological characters of F1 hybrid of rice (Oryza sativa L.) in Japonica-India crosses. Plant Proc Sci, 2001, 4: 196–201

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Huang T C, Zhang A M. Hybrid Wheat Research Progress (in Chinese). Beijing: Agriculture Press, 1993. 52–57

    Google Scholar 

  7. Zhang Y H, Ni Z F, Yao Y Y, et al. Analysis of genome-wide gene expression in root of wheat hybrid and its parents using Barley1 GeneChip. Prog Natl Sci, 2006, 16: 712–720

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Cheng N H, Yang J S, Gao Y P, et al. Differential display of mRNA between hybrid F1 and its parental inbred lines in maize (Zea mays L.). Chinese Sci Bull, 1996, 41: 939–939

    Google Scholar 

  9. Ni Z F, Sun Q X, Wu L M, et al. Alteration of gene expression in wheat hybrid F1 and their parental seedling leaves (in Chinese). J Agric Biotechnol, 2001, 9: 366–370

    Google Scholar 

  10. Sun Q X, Wu L M, Ni Z F, et al. Differential gene expression patterns in leaves between hybrids and their parental inbreds are correlated with heterosis in a wheat diallel cross. Plant Sci, 2004, 166: 651–657

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Xiong L Z, Yang G P, Xu C G, et al. Relationships of differential gene expression in leaves with heterosis and heterozygosity in a rice diallel cross. Mol Breed, 1998, 4: 129–136

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Wu L M. Relationship between diffirencial gene expreesion patterns and heterosis in a wheat diallel crosses (in Chinese). Doctor Dissertation. Beijing: China Agriculture University, 2002

    Google Scholar 

  13. Davies P J. Plant Hormones: Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology. Dordrecht, The Netherlands: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1995

    Google Scholar 

  14. Itoh H, Ueguchi-Tanaka M, Kawaide H, et al. The gene encoding tobacco gibberellin 3β-hydroxylase is expressed at the site of GA action during stem elongation and flower organ development. Plant J, 1999, 20: 15–24

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Yamaguchi S, Smith M W, Brown R G S, et al. Phytochrome regulation and differential expression of gibberellin 3s-hydroxylase genes in germinating Arabidopsis seeds. Plant Cell, 1998, 10: 2115–2126

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Hedden P, Phillips A L. Gibberellin metabolism: new insights revealed by the genes. Trends Plant Sci, 2000, 5: 523–530

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Olszewski N, Sun T, Gubler F. Gibberellins signaling: biosynthesis, catabolism, and response pathways. Plant Cell, 2002, 14: S61–S80.

    Google Scholar 

  18. Uozu S, Tanaka-Ueguch M, Kitano H, et al. Characterization of XET-related genes of rice. Plant Physiol, 2000, 122: 853–860

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Rood S B, Blake T J, Paaris R P. Gibberellins and heterosis in maize: II. Response to gibberellic acid and metabolism of [3H] gibberellin A20. Plant Physiol, 1983, 71: 645–651

    Google Scholar 

  20. Rood S B, Buzzeli R I, Mander L N, et al. Gibberellins: Aphytohormonal basis for heterosis in maize. Science, 1988, 241: 1216–1218

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Rood S B, Buzzell R I, Major D J, et al. Gibberellins and heterosis in maize quantitative relationships. Crop Sci, 1990, 30: 281–286

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Rood S B, Witbeck T J E, Major D J, et al. Gibberellins and heterosis in sorghum. Crop Sci, 1992, 32: 713–718

    Google Scholar 

  23. Bate N J, Rood S B, Blake T J. Gibberellins and heterosis in poplar. Can J Bot, 1987, 66: 1148–1152

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. Zhang Y, Ni Z F, Yao Y, et al. Gibberellins and heterosis of plant height in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). BMC Genet, 2007, 8: 40

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. Zhang Y. Molecular basis of plant height heterosis in hexaploid wheat (in Chinese). Doctor Dissertation. Beijing: China Agriculture University, 2007

    Google Scholar 

  26. Peng J R, Richards D E, Hartley N M, et al. “Green revolution” gene encode mutant gibberellin response modulators. Nature, 1999, 400: 256–261

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. Monna L N, Kitazawa R, Yoshino J, et al. Positional cloning of rice semi-dwarfing gene, sd-1: Rice “green revolution gene” encodes a mutant enzyme involved in gibberellin synthesis. DNA Res, 2002, 9: 11–17

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. Yan J B, Tang H, Huang Y Q, et al. QTL Mapping for developmental behavior for plant height in maize. Chinese Sci Bull, 2003, 48: 2601–2607

    Article  Google Scholar 

  29. Sun D S, Li W B, Zhang Z C, et al. Analysis of QTL for plant height at different developmental stages in soybean (in Chinese). Acta Agron Sin, 2006, 32: 509–514

    Google Scholar 

  30. Yan J Q, Zhu J, He C X, et al. Molecular dissection of developmental behavior of plant height in rice (Oryza sativa L.). Genetics, 1998, 150: 1257–1265

    Google Scholar 

  31. Shitsukawa N, Tahira C, Kassai K, et al. Genetic and epigenetic alteration among three homoeologous genes of a class E MADS box gene in hexaploid wheat. Plant Cell, 2007, 19: 1723–1737

    Article  Google Scholar 

  32. Nomura T A, Ishihara R C, Yanagita T R, et al. Three genomes differentially contribute to the biosynthesis of benzoxazinones in hexaploid wheat. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 2005, 102: 16490–16495

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE), Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Genetic Improvement (MOA), and Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China

    XiuLi Wang, YingYin Yao, HuiRu Peng, Yi Zhang, LaHu Lu, ZhongFu Ni & QiXin Sun

  2. National Plant Gene Research Centre (Beijing), Beijing, 100193, China

    XiuLi Wang, YingYin Yao, HuiRu Peng, Yi Zhang, LaHu Lu, ZhongFu Ni & QiXin Sun

Authors
  1. XiuLi Wang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. YingYin Yao
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. HuiRu Peng
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Yi Zhang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. LaHu Lu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. ZhongFu Ni
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  7. QiXin Sun
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to ZhongFu Ni or QiXin Sun.

Additional information

Supported by the National Key Basic Research and Development Program of China (Grant No. 2007CB109000), and National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 30671297, 30600392, 30871529, 30871577)

About this article

Cite this article

Wang, X., Yao, Y., Peng, H. et al. The relationship of differential expression of genes in GA biosynthesis and response pathways with heterosis of plant height in a wheat diallel cross. Chin. Sci. Bull. 54, 3029–3034 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11434-009-0518-3

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11434-009-0518-3

Keywords

Search

Navigation