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Higher Plants in Space: Microgravity Perception, Response, and Adaptation

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Abstract

Microgravity is a major abiotic stress in space. Its effects on plants may depend on the duration of exposure. We focused on two different phases of microgravity responses in space. When higher plants are exposed to short-term (seconds to hours) microgravity, such as on board parabolic flights and sounding rockets, their cells usually exhibit abiotic stress responses. For example, Ca 2+-, lipid-, and pH-signaling are rapidly enhanced, then the production of reactive oxygen species and other radicals increase dramatically along with changes in metabolism and auxin signaling. Under long-term (days to months) microgravity exposure, plants acclimatize to the stress by changing their metabolism and oxidative response and by enhancing other tropic responses. We conclude by suggesting that a systematic analysis of regulatory networks at the molecular level of higher plants is needed to understand the molecular signals in the distinct phases of the microgravity response and adaptation.

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Acknowledgments

The authors are indebted to Professor Mian Long for helpful suggestion and comments on the manuscript. This work was supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (2011CB710902), the China Manned Space Flight Technology project, and the Strategic Pioneer Projects of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (XDA04020202).

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  1. Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 300 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China

    Hui Qiong Zheng & Fei Han

  2. Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China

    Jie Le

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Zheng, H.Q., Han, F. & Le, J. Higher Plants in Space: Microgravity Perception, Response, and Adaptation. Microgravity Sci. Technol. 27, 377–386 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12217-015-9428-y

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