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Two-level information hiding for quantum images using optimal LSB

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Abstract

As a primary branch of information hiding, quantum image steganography has become one of the most popular areas of study in the field of security. In this paper, the two-level embedding approach for information hiding is surveyed using an optimal least significant bit (LSB) quantum steganography algorithm, which only modifies at most one qubit of the LSBs of each pixel to perform embedding. The first level is to hide the encrypted quantum secret image into a quantum watermark image, and the second level is to embed the quantum watermark image into a quantum cover image. Using the optimal LSB-based algorithm, the double embedding can make the position of embedding have a certain randomness, thus increasing security. In addition, the quantum secret image can be reconstructed by a series of inverse operations in the recovery phase; only the stego image and the key can extract the quantum secret image. The simulated experimental results and analysis demonstrate that the proposed scheme produces images of good visual quality, robustness and high security.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the National Key Research and Development Plan (Grant Nos. 2018YFC1200200 and 2018YFC1200205), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 61463016), the “Science and Technology Innovation Action Plan” of Shanghai in 2017 (Grant No. 17510740300), the Scientific Research Fund of Hunan Provincial Education Department (Grant Nos. 18B420 and 18C0796) and the Aid program for Science and Technology Innovative Research Team in Higher Educational Institutions of Hunan Province.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Information Engineering, Shanghai Maritime University, Shanghai, 201306, China

    Gaofeng Luo & Ri-Gui Zhou

  2. College of Information Engineering, Shaoyang University, Shaoyang, 422000, Hunan, China

    Gaofeng Luo & Yingling Mao

  3. Research Center of Intelligent Information Processing and Quantum Intelligent Computing, Shanghai, 201306, China

    Gaofeng Luo & Ri-Gui Zhou

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  1. Gaofeng Luo
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Correspondence to Ri-Gui Zhou.

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Luo, G., Zhou, RG. & Mao, Y. Two-level information hiding for quantum images using optimal LSB. Quantum Inf Process 18, 297 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11128-019-2413-4

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