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Amperometric nonenzymatic determination of glucose via a glassy carbon electrode modified with nickel hydroxide and N-doped reduced graphene oxide

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Abstract

The authors describe a nonenzymatic glucose sensor that was obtained by electrochemical deposition and oxidization of metallic nickel on the surface of nitrogen-doped reduced graphene oxide (N-RGO) placed on a glassy carbon electrode (GCE). An analysis of the morphology and chemical structure indicated the composite to possess a well-defined vermicular Ni(OH)2 nanorods combined with N-RGO. The electrochemical performance of the modified GCE with respect to the detection of glucose in 0.1 M NaOH was investigated by cyclic voltammetry and amperometry. The wrinkle and protuberance of N-RGO for loading of nanostructured Ni(OH)2 are found to increase electrical conductivity, surface area, electrocatalytical activity and stability. The modified GCE displays a high electrocatalytic activity towards the oxidation of glucose in 0.1 M NaOH solution. The lower detection limit is 0.12 μM at an applied potential of +0.45 V (vs Ag/AgCl) (S/N=3), and the sensitivity is 3214 μA mM−1 cm−2. The modified GCE possesses long-term stability, good reproducibility and high selectivity over fructose, sucrose and lactose.

The composite of vermicular Ni(OH)2 nanorods combined with N-doped reduced graphene oxide is a viable catalyst for non-enzymatic electrochemical sensing of glucose.

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Acknowledgements

The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 51572127, 21576138), China-Israel Cooperative Program (S2016G5243), Program for NCET-12-0629, Ph.D. Program Foundation of Ministry of Education of China (No.20133219110018), Six Major Talent Summit (XNY-011), Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Provience (BK20160828), Postdoctoral Science Foundation (1501016B) and PAPD of Jiangsu Province, and the program for Science and Technology Innovative Research Team in Universities of Jiangsu Province, China.

We also thank Dr. Wanying Tang at Analysis and Test Center Nanjing University of Science and Technology for the Raman data collection.

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  1. Key Laboratory of Soft Chemistry and Functional Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China

    Yuehua Zhang, Wu Lei, Qiuju Wu, Xifeng Xia & Qingli Hao

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  1. Yuehua Zhang
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  2. Wu Lei
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Correspondence to Wu Lei or Qingli Hao.

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Zhang, Y., Lei, W., Wu, Q. et al. Amperometric nonenzymatic determination of glucose via a glassy carbon electrode modified with nickel hydroxide and N-doped reduced graphene oxide. Microchim Acta 184, 3103–3111 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00604-017-2332-y

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