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Soil Salinity as a Challenge for Sustainable Agriculture and Bacterial-Mediated Alleviation of Salinity Stress in Crop Plants

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Saline Soil-based Agriculture by Halotolerant Microorganisms

Abstract

Nowadays, the agricultural productivity is declining due to the negative effects of climate change, global temperature rise, and increased environmental stresses. Therefore, in order to achieve sustainable development in agriculture and to increase agricultural products for feeding all of the world’s people, it seems necessary to use the appropriate solutions and ecologically compatible and environmentally friendly techniques to decrease the adverse effects of these stresses on plant. Soil salinity is a problem for agricultural productivity around the world. According to available reports, crops that grow in salt-affected soils are subject to osmotic stress, poor physical soil conditions, nutritional disorders and toxicity, and reduced crop yields. Limiting crop losses due to salinity stress is a major area of concern to cope with the background of increasing food requirements. Novel agricultural technologies are needed to improve food production in salt-affected soils. Beneficial halotolerant rhizospheric bacteria associated with plant have been known to increase plant tolerance to salinity through mechanisms such as root system development, improved soil structure, increased water and nutrient uptake, reduced sodium absorption, reduced negative effects of stress ethylene, and increased expression of genes involved in resistance to salinity stress. Microbial inoculation to alleviate stresses in plants could be a more cost-effective environment-friendly option which could be available in a shorter time frame. Such inoculants contribute to the development of sustainable agriculture under salinity-stressed conditions.

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Acknowledgment

We wish to thank the University of Tehran for providing the necessary facilities and funds for this study.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Agriculture & Natural resources Campus, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering & Technology, Department of Soil Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

    Hassan Etesami

  2. Department of Biotechnology and Plant Breeding, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Sari, Iran

    Fatemeh Noori

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  1. Hassan Etesami
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  2. Fatemeh Noori
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Correspondence to Hassan Etesami .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Life Sciences, Central University of Jharkhand, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India

    Manoj Kumar

  2. Department of Soil Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

    Hassan Etesami

  3. Himalayan School of Biosciences, Swami Rama Himalayan University, Jolly Grant, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India

    Vivek Kumar

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Etesami, H., Noori, F. (2019). Soil Salinity as a Challenge for Sustainable Agriculture and Bacterial-Mediated Alleviation of Salinity Stress in Crop Plants. In: Kumar, M., Etesami, H., Kumar, V. (eds) Saline Soil-based Agriculture by Halotolerant Microorganisms. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-8335-9_1

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