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Psychrotrophic Microbes: Biodiversity, Mechanisms of Adaptation, and Biotechnological Implications in Alleviation of Cold Stress in Plants

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Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria for Sustainable Stress Management

Part of the book series: Microorganisms for Sustainability ((MICRO,volume 12))

Abstract

Psychrotrophic microbes from the cold habitats have been reported worldwide. The psychrotrophic microbes from diverse cold habitats have biotechnological potential applications in agriculture as they can possess different direct and indirect plant growth-promoting (PGP) attributes such as solubilization of micronutrients (P, K, and Zn), 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase production, Fe-chelating compounds, indole-3-acetic acid, and bioactive compounds. Psychrophilic and psychrotrophic microbes are ubiquitous in nature and have been reported worldwide from various cold environments. The microbial communities from cold deserts have been reported using both culture-dependent techniques and metagenomic techniques, which belong to diverse major groups, viz., Verrucomicrobia, Thaumarchaeota, Spirochaetes, Proteobacteria, Planctomycetes, Nitrospirae, Mucoromycota, Gemmatimonadetes, Firmicutes, Euryarchaeota, Cyanobacteria, Chloroflexi, Chlamydiae, Basidiomycota, Bacteroidetes, Ascomycota, and Actinobacteria. Cold-adapted microbes, isolated from the low-temperature condition, are belonging to different genera such as Arthrobacter, Bacillus, Exiguobacterium, Paenibacillus, Providencia, Pseudomonas, and Serratia. On review of different research, it was found that inoculation with psychrotrophic strains significantly enhanced plant growth, crop yield, and soil fertility. The present book chapter deals with the biodiversity of psychrotrophic or cold-adapted microbes from diverse cold habitats, and their potential biotechnological applications in agriculture have been discussed.

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Acknowledgments

The authors are grateful to the Department of Biotechnology, Akal College of Agriculture, Eternal University, Baru Sahib and HP Governments, Environments, Science and Technology, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh-funded project “Development of Microbial Consortium as Bio-inoculants for Drought and Low-Temperature Growing Crops for Organic Farming in Himachal Pradesh,” for providing the facilities and financial support to undertake the investigations. There are no conflicts of interest.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Microbial Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Akal College of Agriculture, Eternal University, Baru Sahib, Himachal Pradesh, India

    Ajar Nath Yadav & Divjot Kour

  2. Department of Agriculture, Akal College of Agriculture, Eternal University, Baru Sahib, India

    Sushma Sharma

  3. Department of Bio-Engineering, Birla Institute of Technology, Ranchi, India

    Shashwati Ghosh Sachan

  4. Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Life Sciences, Bundelkhand University, Jhansi, India

    Bhanumati Singh & Vinay Singh Chauhan

  5. Department of Microbiology, PSGVP Mandal’s ASC College, Shahada, Maharashtra, India

    R. Z. Sayyed

  6. Division of Microbiology, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India

    Rajeev Kaushik

  7. ICAR-National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Microorganisms, Mau, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Anil Kumar Saxena

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  1. Ajar Nath Yadav
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Correspondence to Ajar Nath Yadav .

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  1. Department of Microbiology, PSGVP Mandal’s ASC College, Shahada, Maharashtra, India

    R. Z. Sayyed

  2. Department of Environmental Microbiology, School of Environmental Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Naveen Kumar Arora

  3. Department of Entomology & Plant Pathology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA

    M. S. Reddy

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Yadav, A.N. et al. (2019). Psychrotrophic Microbes: Biodiversity, Mechanisms of Adaptation, and Biotechnological Implications in Alleviation of Cold Stress in Plants. In: Sayyed, R., Arora, N., Reddy, M. (eds) Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria for Sustainable Stress Management . Microorganisms for Sustainability, vol 12. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-6536-2_12

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