Abstract
It is probably no exaggeration to declare that the hypothalamus-neurohypophysial system (HNS) is the quintessence of neurosecretion and vasopressin (VP) the quintessential brain peptide. The system comprises magnocellular neurons, with cell bodies located in the hypothalamus, which project to and release their hormone in the neurohypophysis, a large storage organ outside the confines of the central nervous system (CNS). Most magnocellular VP and oxytocin (OX) neurons have their large cell bodies (25–30-μm diameter) segregated in the relatively discrete supraoptic nuclei (SON) and paraventricular nuclei (PVN) of the hypothalamus (Fig. 1). Since VP is released into the systemic circulation and stimulates distant target organs, it fits the definition of a true hormone, but it may have effects in the CNS as well. The unique anatomy of this system not only contributed to its early discovery but also facilitated subsequent experimental manipulation of this relatively accessible neurosecretory complex. Also, the discovery of the Brattleboro rat, which fails to produce hypothalamic VP in the homozygous form (see Valtin, 1982) and, to a much lesser extent, of mice with hereditary diabetes insipidus resulting from renal unresponsiveness to VP (Falconer et al., 1964), has provided animal models of great value.
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© 1987 Plenum Press, New York
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Morris, J.F., Chapman, D.B., Sokol, H.W. (1987). Anatomy and Function of the Classic Vasopressin-Secreting Hypothalamus-Neurohypophysial System. In: Gash, D.M., Boer, G.J. (eds) Vasopressin. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-8129-1_1
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