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Somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration in açaí palm (Euterpe oleracea)

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Abstract

An efficient and simple system for inducing somatic embryogenesis and regenerating plantlets from immature zygotic embryos of açaí palm (Euterpe oleracea) has been developed. Embryogenic calli (ECs) were induced from immature zygotic embryos of açaí palm on Murashige and Skoog (MS) modified medium with 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and picloram. Embryogenic frequency was dependent on auxin type and concentration. The optimal concentration of picloram for the high-frequency induction of embryogenic calli (72%) was 225 μM. ECs were then subcultured on a differentiation and maturation medium composed of MS modified medium with 2-isopentenyladenine and naphthaleneacetic acid with subcultures at 4-week intervals. SEs were converted to plants on MS modified medium with half-strength macro- and micronutrients, 20 g l−1 sucrose, and 2.5 g l−1 activated charcoal and gelled with 2.5 g l−1 Phytagel. Detailed morpho anatomical changes during the different stages of somatic embryogenesis were characterized. The development of SEs was asynchronous, and ontogenic studies confirmed that the initial cell divisions occur in the epidermal and subepidermal regions of the zygotic embryos. Broad base attachment of SEs to the epidermis indicates the presence of a suspensor.

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Abbreviations

EC:

Embryogenic calli

MS:

Murashige and Skoog medium (1962)

2iP:

2-Isopentenyladenine

2,4-D:

2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid

NAA:

Naphthaleneacetic acid

SEs:

Somatic embryos

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Acknowledgments

The authors thank the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico—CNPq, Brasília, Brazil, for financial support and fellowships. We wish to thank Simone A. Maciel for technical assistance.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Embrapa Genetic Resources and Biotechnology, P.O. Box 02372, Brasília, DF, Brazil

    Jonny Everson Scherwinski-Pereira

  2. IDARON—Agência de Defesa Sanitária Agrossilvopastoril do Estado de Rondônia, Porto Velho, Rondônia, CEP 78900-903, Brazil

    Rodrigo da Silva Guedes

  3. Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, CEP 21941-970, Brazil

    Ricardo Alexandre da Silva

  4. Federal University of Acre, P.O. Box 500, Rio Branco, AC, Brazil

    Paulo César Poeta Fermino Jr.

  5. University of Brasília, Brasília, DF, CEP 70910-900, Brazil

    Zanderluce Gomes Luis & Elínea de Oliveira Freitas

Authors
  1. Jonny Everson Scherwinski-Pereira
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  2. Rodrigo da Silva Guedes
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  3. Ricardo Alexandre da Silva
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  4. Paulo César Poeta Fermino Jr.
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  5. Zanderluce Gomes Luis
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  6. Elínea de Oliveira Freitas
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Correspondence to Jonny Everson Scherwinski-Pereira.

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Scherwinski-Pereira, J.E., da Silva Guedes, R., da Silva, R.A. et al. Somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration in açaí palm (Euterpe oleracea). Plant Cell Tiss Organ Cult 109, 501–508 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11240-012-0115-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11240-012-0115-z

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