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Genomics, Phenomics, and Next Breeding Tools for Genetic Improvement of Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.)

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Oil Crop Genomics

Abstract

Safflower is one of the most important oilseed crops with high-quality seed oil. It can be grown especially in the arid and semiarid regions in the world. The main reason why safflower is not widely cultivated is because of its low yield. Various breeding efforts have made a significant contribution to the improvement of safflower; however, it seems necessary to exploit the potentiality of this underutilized plant. The development of new and improved safflower varieties will improve the sustainability of this crop to different environmental conditions. Classic breeding efforts made great efforts in safflower breeding; however, these techniques have been slow to develop complex traits such as yield, oil yield, some quality traits, and biotic-abiotic stress resistance. Recent advancements in molecular markers and genome sequencing technologies enhanced the breeding activities and aided the scientific community to understand and comprehensively explore the genetic diversity and population structure of safflower. Phenotypic and molecular characterization helped the construction of genetic linkage maps, leading to a better understanding of complex quantitative characters for safflower varieties. The present chapter articulates different aspects of safflower including phenomics, chemical content, origin-diffusion, similarity centers, wild relatives, genetic resources, trades, and comprehensive advancement in safflower breeding in terms of classical breeding, tissue culture, QTL mapping, association mapping, transgenic breeding, genome editing, and speed breeding. This information will lead to more short-term solutions in breeding safflower crop and will provide more practical information for breeders in the near future.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Field Crops, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Sciences, Bolu Abant Izzet Baysal University, Bolu, Turkey

    Abdurrahim Yılmaz, Mehmet Zahit Yeken & Yusuf Arslan

  2. Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan

    Fawad Ali

  3. Department of Field Crops, Faculty of Agriculture, Çukurova University, Adana, Turkey

    Muzaffer Barut & Cemal Kurt

  4. Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technologies, Sivas University of Science and Technology, Sivas, Turkey

    Muhammad Azhar Nadeem, Muhammad Aasim & Faheem Shehzad Baloch

  5. Department of Plant and Animal Production, Izmit Vocational School, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey

    Hilal Yılmaz

  6. Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan

    Muhammad Naeem

  7. Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey

    Burcu Tarıkahya Hacıoğlu

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Genetics, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal University (formerly Dammam University), Dammam, Saudi Arabia

    Huseyin Tombuloglu

  2. Ficus Biotechnology, Yenimahalle, Ankara, Turkey

    Turgay Unver

  3. Al Khalidiyah Ash Shamaliyah, Dammam, Saudi Arabia

    Guzin Tombuloglu

  4. Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of ScienceKing Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

    Khalid Rehman Hakeem

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Yılmaz, A. et al. (2021). Genomics, Phenomics, and Next Breeding Tools for Genetic Improvement of Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.). In: Tombuloglu, H., Unver, T., Tombuloglu, G., Hakeem, K.R. (eds) Oil Crop Genomics. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-70420-9_11

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