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Genetic Modification of Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Neurological Disease Therapy: What Effects Does it Have on Phenotype/Cell Behavior, Determining Their Effectiveness?

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Abstract

Mesenchymal stem cells are a promising tool in regenerative medicine, and their functions can be enhanced through genetic modification. Recent advances in genetic engineering provide several methods that enable gene delivery to mesenchymal stem cells. However, it remains to be decided whether genetic modification of mesenchymal stem cells by vectors carrying reporter or therapeutic genes leads to adverse effects on morphology, phenotypic profiles, and viability of transplanted cells. In this regard, we focus on the description of genetic modification methods of mesenchymal stem cells, their effectiveness, and the impact on phenotype/cell behavior/proliferation and the differentiation ability of these cells in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, we compare the main effects of genetically modified mesenchymal stem cells with native mesenchymal stem cells when applied in the therapy of neurological diseases.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, Kazan, Russian Federation

    Nour Ebrahim, Albert A. Rizvanov & Yana Mukhamedshina

  2. School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK

    Victoria James

  3. M.M. Shemyakin-Yu.A. Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation

    Yana Mukhamedshina

  4. Kazan State Medical University, Kazan, Russian Federation

    Yana Mukhamedshina

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  1. Nour Ebrahim
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  2. Victoria James
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  3. Albert A. Rizvanov
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  4. Yana Mukhamedshina
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Correspondence to Yana Mukhamedshina.

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The study was supported by grant 16-34-60101 (Yana Mukhamedshina) from the Russian Foundation for Basic Research. This work was performed in accordance with the Program of Competitive Growth of the Kazan Federal University. Albert A. Rizvanov was supported by the subsidy allocated to Kazan Federal University for the state assignment in the sphere of scientific activities.

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Nour Ebrahim, Victoria James, Albert A. Rizvanov, and Yana Mukhamedshina have no conflicts of interest that are directly relevant to the content of this article.

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Author Contributions

NE and YM: collection of data on the genetic modification of MSCs and their effects in neurological disease therapies, drawing Fig. 1. VJ: compilation of article content, professional English editing. AR: compilation of article content, writing some chapters.

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Ebrahim, N., James, V., Rizvanov, A.A. et al. Genetic Modification of Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Neurological Disease Therapy: What Effects Does it Have on Phenotype/Cell Behavior, Determining Their Effectiveness?. Mol Diagn Ther 24, 683–702 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40291-020-00491-6

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