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Cytological and morphology characteristics of natural microsporogenesis within Camellia oleifera

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Abstract

Camellia oleifera is believed to exhibit a complex intraspecific polyploidy phenomenon. Abnormal microsporogenesis can promote the formation of unreduced gametes in plants and lead to sexual polyploidy, so it is hypothesized that improper meiosis probably results in the formation of natural polyploidy in Camellia oleifera. In this study, based on the cytological observation of meiosis in pollen mother cells (PMCs), we found natural 2n pollen for the first time in Camellia oleifera, which may lead to the formation of natural polyploids by sexual polyploidization. Additionally, abnormal cytological behaviour during meiosis, including univalent chromosomes, extraequatorial chromosomes, early segregation, laggard chromosomes, chromosome stickiness, asynchronous meiosis and deviant cytokinesis (monad, dyads, triads), was observed, which could be the cause of 2n pollen formation. Moreover, we confirmed a relationship among the length–width ratio of flower buds, stylet length and microsporogenesis. This result suggested that we can immediately determine the microsporogenesis stages by phenotypic characteristics, which may be applicable to breeding advanced germplasm in Camellia oleifera.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank the staff of the anonymous reviewers and editors for their constructive comments.

Funding

The work has partially been financed by Hunan province Natural Science Foundation Youth Fund (2020JJ5969); Excellent Youth Scientific Research Project of Hunan province Education Department (18B170); Key project of Youth Science Foundation of Central South University of Forestry and Technology (201801030308); The National Key R&D Program of China (2018YFD1000603-1). The project was also supported by Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Eco-economic Woody Plant Open Fund Project.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. The Laboratory of Forestry Genetics, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Hunan, 410004, China

    Xiaoyu Zhang, Hailang Tong, Zhiqiang Han, Jing Tian & Ting Wang

  2. The College of Forestry, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Hunan, 410004, China

    Xiaoyu Zhang, Hailang Tong, Zhiqiang Han, Long Huang, Zhixing Fu, Yunyi Wu & Deyi Yuan

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  1. Xiaoyu Zhang
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  9. Deyi Yuan
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ZH conceived the study; XZ and HT conducted the experiments; DY supervised the research; ZH wrote the manuscript; and all authors read, edited, and approved the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Zhiqiang Han.

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Zhang, X., Tong, H., Han, Z. et al. Cytological and morphology characteristics of natural microsporogenesis within Camellia oleifera. Physiol Mol Biol Plants 27, 959–968 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12298-021-01002-5

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