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Gold Nanoparticles: Synthesis Methods, Functionalization and Biological Applications

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Abstract

Nanotechnology has vast applications in medicine and biomedical engineering like tissue engineering, diagnosis, and therapy. Nowadays incorporation of functionalized nanostructures in various biomedical applications has generated considerable research interest. Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) are one of the most stable metal nanoparticles with unique physicochemical properties and are reflected as a promising candidate for widespread biological applications. Among different synthesis methods, biological synthesis methods are advantageous as it reduces the need for toxic chemicals for reduction purpose. Surface functionalization provides colloidal stability to gold nanoparticles which are achieved by using various materials. This review mainly focuses on the biological applications of AuNPs such as bioimaging, biosensing, anticancer therapy, drug delivery, hyperthermia, and antimicrobial activity. The surface plasmon resonance (SPR) related optical properties are used for biosensing and bioimaging applications for diagnosis to detect pathogens as well as biomarkers. Biomolecules and drug functionalized AuNPs are effectively used to treat various cancer and other diseases. Thus, the study of gold nanoparticles opens a new percept in the biological field for varieties of applications.

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Acknowledgements

The work has been supported by University funded project (No. DYPES/DU/R&D/2021/274).

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  1. Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, Center for Interdisciplinary Research, D.Y. Patil Education Society, Institution Deemed to be University, Kolhapur, Maharashtra, India

    Tejaswini Patil, Rutuja Gambhir, Anuja Vibhute & Arpita Pandey Tiwari

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TP has written the manuscript, RG and AV have helped with manuscript writing and graphical interpretation, and AT is responsible for conceptualization, writing of the manuscript, and overall preparation of the review.

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Patil, T., Gambhir, R., Vibhute, A. et al. Gold Nanoparticles: Synthesis Methods, Functionalization and Biological Applications. J Clust Sci 34, 705–725 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10876-022-02287-6

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