Abstract
Aquatic bacterial pathogens can cause severe economic loss in aquaculture industry. An opportunistic pathogen, Aeromonas hydrophila is responsible for Motile Aeromonas Septicemia, leading to high mortality rates in fish. The present study was focused on the efficacy of Aloe barbadensis replacing fishmeal diets on hematological, serum biochemical, antioxidant, histopathological parameters, and disease resistance against A. hydrophila infection in Labeo rohita. Isonitrogenous fishmeal replaced diets (FMR) were prepared with varying levels of A. barbadensis at D1 (0%) (control), D2 (25%), D3 (50%), D4 (75%) and D5 (100%) then fed to L. rohita. After 60 days of post-feeding, the experimental fish were challenged with A. hydrophila. Blood and organs were collected and examined at 1- and 15-days post infection (dpi). The results demonstrated that on 1 dpi, white blood cells (WBC), total protein, cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels were significantly increased in D3 diet fed groups. The D2 and D3 diet fed group showed decreasing trends of serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (SGPT) and antioxidant enzymes activity on 15 dpi. The histopathological architecture results clearly illustrated that the D3 diet fed group had given a higher protective effect by reducing the pathological changes associated with A. hydrophila infection in liver, intestine and muscle. Higher percentage of survival rate was also observed in D3 diet fed group. Therefore, the present study suggested that the dietary administration of A. barbadensis up to 50% fishmeal replacement (D3 diet) can elicit earlier antioxidant activity, innate immune response and improve survival rate in L. rohita against A. hydrophila infection.
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Acknowledgements
The first author Sivagaami Palaniyappan is grateful to “RUSA, 2.0-Biological Sciences, Bharathidasan University” for providing Project Fellowship (Ref. No. 02BDU/RUSA 2.0/TRP/BS/Date:22/04/2021). The authors are thankful to UGC-SAP-DRS-II (F.3–9/2013[SAP-II], Department of Science and Technology-Fund for Improvement of Science and Technology Infrastructure (DST-FIST) Level-I (stage-II) (Ref. No. SR/FST/LSI-647/2015(C) Date.11.08.2016) and Department of Science and Technology Promotion of University Research and Scientific Excellence (DST PURSE Phase—II) (Ref. No. SR/PURSE PHASE 2/16(G) /& 16(C) Date. 21.02.2017) of the Department of Animal Science, Bharathidasan University for the instrumentation facility.
Funding
This research work was supported by Rashtriya Uchchatar Shiksha Abhiyan (RUSA) – 2.0. Biological Sciences. Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India.
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S. P.: Methodology, Investigation, Formal analysis, Data curation, Writing – original draft. A. S.: Resources, Formal analysis, Writing– review & editing. Z. A. K. & G. T.: review & editing. T. R.: conceptualization, project administration, supervision, validation, visualization, writing – review and editing.
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Palaniyappan, S., Sridhar, A., Kari, Z.A. et al. Potentials of Aloe barbadensis inclusion in fish feeds on resilience to Aeromonas hydrophila infection in freshwater fish Labeo rohita. Fish Physiol Biochem 49, 1435–1459 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10695-023-01266-6
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10695-023-01266-6