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Dietary Aloe vera improves plasma lipid profile, antioxidant, and hepatoprotective enzyme activities in GIFT-tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) after Streptococcus iniae challenge

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Abstract

The current study investigated the effects of dietary Aloe vera on plasma lipid profile status, antioxidant, and hepatoprotective enzyme activities of GIFT-tilapia juveniles under Streptococcus iniae challenge. Five dietary groups were designed including a control and 100 % Aloe powder incorporated into a tilapia feed at 0.5, 1, 2, and 4 %/kg feed, which were administered for 8 weeks. Fish fed dietary Aloe at 4 %/kg feed significantly reduced in total cholesterol, while triacylglycerol reduced (P < 0.05) in those fed 0.5, 2, and 4 % Aloe/kg feed compared to unsupplemented ones. High-density lipoprotein was significantly elevated in fish fed 0.5 and 1 % Aloe/kg feed compared to unsupplemented ones, and no significant changes (P > 0.05) were noted in low-density lipoprotein among test groups. Furthermore, high activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxide in liver tissues were observed in Aloe-supplemented fish compared to unsupplemented ones, before and after S. iniae challenge (7.7 × 106 CFU cells/mL). Variations were also noted in malondialdehyde activity throughout the trial, but no significant difference (P > 0.05) was observed between groups. Meanwhile, Aloe-supplemented fish reduced serum aspartate and alanine aminotransferase (AST and ALT) activities before and after challenge. Based on the second-order polynomial regression analysis, dietary Aloe inclusion levels less than or equal to 1.88, 1.86, and 2.79 %/kg feed were determined to be suitable in improving plasma lipid profile status, antioxidant, and hepatoprotective enzyme activities in GIFT-tilapia in this study, respectively. Thus, A. vera extracts may be recommended as a tilapia feed supplement to enhance fish antioxidant and hepatoprotective capacities, especially during disease outbreaks.

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Acknowledgments

The authors are grateful for the financial support provided by the following grants: Special Fund for Agro-scientific Research in the Public Interest (2015JBFR04) and the National Science & Technology Program (2012BAD26B03-1), which made this work possible. They also would like to thank Wuxi Fisheries College of NAU, Department of Biotechnology, China, for providing facilities for the research work.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi, 214081, China

    Ndakalimwe Naftal Gabriel, Jun Qiang, Xin Yu Ma, Jie He, Pao Xu & Kai Liu

  2. China Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, 214081, Jiangsu, China

    Jun Qiang, Jie He, Pao Xu & Kai Liu

  3. Directorate of Aquaculture, Ministry of Fisheries and Marine Resources, Hardap, Namibia

    Ndakalimwe Naftal Gabriel

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  1. Ndakalimwe Naftal Gabriel
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Correspondence to Ndakalimwe Naftal Gabriel or Pao Xu.

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Gabriel, N.N., Qiang, J., Ma, X.Y. et al. Dietary Aloe vera improves plasma lipid profile, antioxidant, and hepatoprotective enzyme activities in GIFT-tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) after Streptococcus iniae challenge. Fish Physiol Biochem 41, 1321–1332 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10695-015-0088-z

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