Abstract
Objective
The application of phytases helps in releasing bound phosphorus and other nutrients in cattle feed eventually reducing the need for supplementations. However, high production cost owing to the unavailability of cheaper sources of phytases has limited their usage in developing countries. Herein, firstly isolation, identification of a phytase from fungal isolate, Aspergillus niger NT7 was carried out followed by optimizing of all production parameters, through solid-state fermentation (SSF). Secondly, crude phytase was characterized and potential applicability of crude phytase was evaluated for dephytinization of wheat bran.
Results
The highest phytase production (208.30 ± 0.22 U/gds) was achieved using wheat bran as cheap agro-industrial substrate for SSF. The various physiological parameters were optimized including inoculum age and level (3-day old inoculum and 15 × 107 spores/ml), temperature (35 °C), a moistening agent (distilled water), medium pH (5), and supplementation of various biochemicals like sugar (Mannitol), nitrogen (ammonium sulphate) and detergent (Tween 80). Process optimization through one variable at a time (OVAT) approach increased the difference in productivity to more than 200%. The crude phytase of A. niger NT7 was thermostable, with optimal activity at 60 °C and also displayed optimal activity over a broad range of acidic pH. Further, enhancement in phytase activity was found specifically in the presence of Ca2+, Zn2+, and Co2+ ions, while other metal ions including Fe2+, Fe3+, Mn2+, Mg2+and Cu2+ inhibited its activity. Finally, the phytase showed efficient and sustained release of inorganic phosphate, proteins, and reducing sugars (> 60 h) from livestock feed.
Conclusion
Overall, our report highlights the production of an efficient and thermotolerant phytase with potential as a low-cost animal feed supplement.
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Acknowledgements
The authors acknowledge Dr. V. K. Garlapati, Jaypee University of Information Technology Waknaghat, Solan, India and Dr. Ankit Shrivastava, LPVD, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, NIAID, NIH, Hamilton, MT, 59840, USA, for his valuable inputs during the current studies.
Supporting information
Table S1—Characteristics of Wheat bran.
Table S2—Diameter of zone of hydrolysis and phytase activity (secondary screening) of isolates.
Fig. S1—Primary screening of isolate X6. X6 showing zone of hydrolysis on PSM.
Fig. S2—Morphological features of isolate X6.
Fig. S3—Selection of quantity of wheat bran for phytase production by A. niger NT7.
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The authors acknowledge the Jaypee University of Information Technology Waknaghat, India, for providing infrastructure and financial support for carrying out the present work.
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Kumari, N., Bansal, S. Production and characterization of a novel, thermotolerant fungal phytase from agro-industrial byproducts for cattle feed. Biotechnol Lett 43, 865–879 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10529-020-03069-8
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10529-020-03069-8