Skip to main content
Log in

Production, characterization, and feed supplement applications of phytase enzyme from Aspergillus tubingensis isolated from Western Ghats soil

  • Original Article
  • Published:
Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The present investigation is designed for the characterization and application of phytase from Aspergillus tubingensis by solid state and submerged fermentation techniques practice. Different parameters such as carbon source, nitrogen source, pH, mineral concentration, temperature, inoculum size, and inducer concentration were employed for the optimization of phytase and the maximum production was recorded in optimum condition. Afterwards, it was carried out for purification process by column chromatography using Sepharose gel extraction. Then, the enzyme was blended with fish feed at varying concentrations and their results showed that the phytase acted as an important growth factor for the growth improvement of fish. It was concluded that the phytase from fungal origin has played an important role to stimulate the fish growth without any side effects or any other complications. Hence, the upcoming research works should focus on the improvement of fish feed production with high quality achieved by low cost to increase our economic value.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10

Similar content being viewed by others

Data availability

The data used to support the finding of this study are included within the manuscript.

References

  1. Esakkiraj P, Sandoval G, Sankaralingam S, Palavesam A, Immanuel G (2010) Preliminary optimization of solid state phytase production of by moderately halophilic Pseudomonas sp AP-MSU2 isolated from fish intestine. Ann Microbiol 60:461–468

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Betancur MO, Cervantes LFP, Montoya MM, Gutierrez Sanchez MSYPA (2012) Isolation and characterization of potential phytase-producing fungi from environmental samples of Antioquia (Colombia). Rev FacNacAgron Medellin 65(1):6291–6303

    Google Scholar 

  3. Lichtenberg J, Pedersen PB, Elvig-Joergensen SG, Skov LK, Olsen CL, Glitsoe LV (2011) Toxicological studies on a novel phytase expressed from synthetic genes in Aspergillus oryzae. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 60:401–410

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Shin S, Ha NC, Oh BC, Oh TK, Oh BH (2001) Enzyme mechanism and catalytic property of b propeller phytase. Structure 9:851–858

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Jorquera MA, Gabler S, Inostroza NG, Acuna JJ, Campos MA, Blackburn DM, Greiner R (2018) Screening and characterization of phytases from bacteria isolated from Chilean hydrothermal environments. Microb Ecol 75(2):387–399

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Pandey A, Szakacs G, Soccol CR, Rodriguez-Leon JA, Soccol VT (2001) Production, purification and properties of microbial phytases. Biores Tech 77(3):203–214

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Rodriguez-Fernandez DE, Angel Rodriguez-Leon JA, de Carvalho JC, Thomaz-Soccol V, Luis Parada JL, Soccol CR (2010) Recovery of phytase produced by solid-state fermentation on citrus peel. Braz Arch BiolTechnol 53:1487–1496

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Vohra A, Satyanarayana T (2003) Phytases: microbial sources, production, purification, and potential biotechnological applications. Crit Rev Biotech 23:29–60

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Haefner S, Knietsch A, Scholten E, Braun J, Lohscheidt M, Zelder, (2005) Biotechnological production and applications of phytases. Appl Microb Biotech 68(5):588–597

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Farouk AE, Greiner R, Hussin ASM (2012) Purification and properties of a phytate degrading enzyme produced by Enterobacter sakazakii ASUIA279. J Biotechnol Biodiv 3(1):1–9

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Gontia Mishra I, Deshmukh D, Tripathi N, BardiyaBhurat K, Tantwai K, Tiwari S (2013) Isolation, morphological and molecular characterization of phytate hydrolysing fungi by 18S rDNA sequence analysis. Braz J Microb 44(1):317–323

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Afnah S, Yazid AM, Shobirin AMH, Shuhaimi M (2010) Phytase application in food industry. Inter Food Res J 17:13–21

    Google Scholar 

  13. Gilani GS, Cockell KA, Sepehr E (2005) Effects of antinutritional factors on protein digestibility and amino acid availability in foods. J AOAC Int 88:967–987

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Prakash S, Ramasubburayan R, Iyapparaj P, Sankaralingam S, Palavesam A, Immanuel G (2014) Optimization and partial purification of a protease produced by selected bacterial strains grown on trash fish meal substrate and its antagonistic property against bacterial pathogens. Biocatal Agric Biotechnol Sci Direct 3(4):288–295

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Mostafa YS, Alamri SA, Hashem M, Nafady NA, Abo-Elyousr KAM, Mohamed ZA (2020) Thermostablecellulase biosynthesis from Paenibacillus alvei and its utilization in lactic acid production by simultaneous saccharification and fermentation. Open Life Sci 15:185–197

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  16. Shankar T, Sankaralingam S, Balachandran C, Chinnathambi A, Nasif O, Alharbi SA, Park S, Baskar K (2021) Purification and characterization of carboxymethylcellulase from Bacillus pumilus EWBCM1 isolated from earthworm gut (Eudriluseugeniae). J King Saud Univ - Sci 33(1):101261

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Esakkiraj P, Sankaralingam S, Usha R, Palavesam A, Immanuel G (2011) Solid state production of protease using anchovy meal by Serratia proteomaculans AP-CMST isolated from the gut of estuarine fish Etroplus suretensis for aquafeed purpose. Ann Microbiol 61:749–755

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Purva V, Banerjee UC (2002) Studies on the production of phytase by a newly isolated strain of Aspergillus niger varteigham obtained from rotten wood-logs. Process Biochem 38:211–217

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Bae H, Yanke L, Cheng KJ, Selinger L (1999) A novel staining method for detecting phytase activity. J Microbio Meth 39(1):17–22

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Subramaniyam R, Vimala R (2012) Solid state and submereged fermentation for the production of bioactive substances a comparative study. Inter J Sci Nat 3:480–486

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Heinonen JK, Lahti RJ (1981) A new and convenient colorimetric determination of inorganic orthophosphate and its application to the assay of inorganic pyrophosphatase. Anal Biochem 113:313–317

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. Qasim SS, Shakir KA, Al- Shaibani B (2016) Isolation, screening and production of phytate degrading enzyme (phytase) from local fungi isolate. Ira J AgriSci 74:121–128

    Google Scholar 

  23. Sariyska MV, Gargova SA, Koleva LA, Angelov AI (2005) Aspergillus niger phytase: purification and characterization. Biotechnol Biotechnol Eq 19:98–105

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Penaflorida VD, Golez NV (1996) Use of seaweed meals from Kappaphycusalvarezii and Gracilaria heteroclada as binders in diets for juvenile shrimp Penaeus monodon. Aquaculture 143:393–401

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. Strickland JDH, Parsons TR (1972) A practical handbook of sea water analysis, 2nd ed. Bull Fish Res Bd Can 167

  26. Sundarabarathy TV, Edirisinghe U, Dematawewa CMB, Nandasena KG (2001) Morphology and some biological aspects of common spiny or lesser loach (Lepidocephalus thermalis) and banded mountain loach (Schistura notostigma) of Sri Lanka. Trop Agri Res 13:411–420

    Google Scholar 

  27. Lowry OH, Rosebrough NJ, Farr AL, Randall RJ (1951) Protein measurement with the Folin phenol reagent. J Bio Chem 193:265–275

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Folch J, Lees M, Sloane GH (1957) Simple method for isolation and purification of total lipid from animal tissues. J BiolChem 226:497–507

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Kumar A, Kanwar SS (2012) Lipase production in solid-state fermentation (SSF) recent developments and biotechnological applications. Dyn Biochem Process Biotechnol Mol Biol 6:13–27

    Google Scholar 

  30. Thyagarajan R, Namasivayam SKR, Kumar GN (2014) Evaluation of phytase production by Hypocrea lixii SURT01 in submerged and solid-state fermentation. Inter J Pharma Pharmaceut Sci 6(10):352–355

    Google Scholar 

  31. Huang SJ, Chen CH, Tsai SY (2018) Phytase production by Grifola frondosa and its application in inositol-enriched solid-state fermentation brown rice. Int J Food Eng 4:263–267

    Article  Google Scholar 

  32. Gargova S, Roshkova Z, Vancheva G (1997) Screening of fungi for phytase production. Biotech Tech 11(4):221–224

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. Hosseinkhani B, Hosseinkhani G (2009) Analysis of phytase producing bacteria (Pseudomonas sp) from poultry faces and optimization of this enzyme production. Afri J Biotech 8(17):4229–4232

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. Thakur N, Kumar P, Chand D (2017) Enhanced production of phytase from thermotolerant Aspergillus fumigatus isolated from rhizospheric zone of maize fields. J Innov Pharma Biol Sci 4(3):114–120

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  35. Xiong C, Shouwen C, Ming S, Ziniu Y (2005) Medium optimization by response surface methodology for poly-γ-glutamic acid production using dairy manure as the basis of a solid substrate. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 69(4):390–396

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  36. Soni SK, Khire JM (2007) Production and partial characterization of two types of phytase from Aspergillus niger NCIM 563 under submerged fermentation conditions. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 23:1585–1593

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  37. Li X, Chi Z, Liu Z, Yan K, Li H (2008) Phytase production by a marine yeast Kodamea ohmeri BG3. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 149:183–193

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  38. Paulo S, Valeria MM, Guimaraes Ricardo R, de MeloSebastiao T, de Rezende R (2015) Isolation of a thermostable acid phytase from Aspergillus niger UFV-1 with strong proteolysis resistance. Braz J Microbiol 46(1):251–260

    Article  Google Scholar 

  39. Coban HB, Demirci A (2014) Screening of phytase producers and optimization of culture conditions for submerged fermentation. Bioprocess Biosys Engg 37:609–616

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  40. Yasser B, Ezzeldeen H, Akeed Y (2018) Screening of phytase producing fungi isolated from Syrian soil. J Bio Innov 7(3):462–474

    Google Scholar 

  41. Vohra P, Gray GA, Kratzer FH (1965) Phytic acid-metal complexes. Proceed Soc Exp Biol Med 120(2):447–449

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  42. Mouchacca J (2000) Thermotolerant fungi erroneously reported in applied research work as possessing thermophilic attributes. World J Microb Biotech 16(8):869–880

    Article  Google Scholar 

  43. Qasim SS, Shakir KA, Al-Shaibani AB, Walsh MK (2017) Optimization of culture conditions to produce phytase from Aspergillus tubingensis SKA. Int J Food Sci Nutr 8:733–745

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  44. Boyce A, Walsh G (2007) Purification and characterisation of an acid phosphatise with phytase activity from Mucor hiemalis Wehmer. J Biotechnol 132:82–87

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  45. Trichet VV (2014) The efficacy of a novel microbial 6-phytase expressed in Aspergillusoryzae on the performance and phosphorus utilization of cold- and warm-water fish: rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss and Nile Tilapia Oreochromisniloticus. J World Aqua Soc 45(4):367–379

    Article  Google Scholar 

  46. Cao L, Wang W, Yang C, Yangb Y, Diana J, YakupitiyageDapeng Z (2007) Application of microbial phytase in fish feed. Enzyme Microb Phytase 40:497–507

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  47. Lei XG, Weaver JD, Mullaney E, Ullah AH, Azain MJ (2013) Phytase, a new life for an old enzyme. Annu Rev Anim Biosci 1:283–309

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  48. Singh R, Kumar M, Mittal A, Mehta PK (2016) Microbial enzymes: industrial progress in 21st century. Biotech 6:1–15

    Google Scholar 

  49. Kumar V, Sinha AK, Makkar HPS, De Boeck G, Becker K (2012) Phytate and phytase in fish nutrition. J AniPhys Animal Nut 96:335–364

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  50. Verlhac-Trichet V, JouniVielma JD, Rema P, Santigosa E, Wahli T, Vogel K (2014) The efficacy of a novel microbial 6-phytase expressed in Aspergillusoryzae on the performance and phosphorus utilization of cold- and warm-water fish: rainbow trout, Oncorhynchusmykiss, and Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus. J World Aquaculture Soc 45(4):367–379

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  51. Yan W, Reigh RC, Xu Z (2002) Effects of fungal phytase on utilization of dietary protein and minerals, and dephosphorylation of phytic acid in the alimentary tract of channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus fed an all-plant-protein diet. J World AquacultSoc 33:10–22

    Article  Google Scholar 

  52. Forster I, Higgs DA, Dosanjh BS, Rowshandeli M, Parr J (1999) Potential for dietary phytase to improve the nutritive value of canola protein concentrate and decrease phosphorus output in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) held in 11 C fresh water. Aquaculture 179:109–125

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  53. Vasudevan UM, Shyam K, Vidya J, Pandey A (2017) Microbial phytase impact of advances in genetic engineering in revolutionizing its properties and applications. Biores Technol 245:1790–1799

    Article  Google Scholar 

  54. Raveendran S, Parameswaran B, Ummalyma SB, Abraham A, Mathew AK, Madhavan A (2018) Applications of microbial enzymes in food industry. Food Tech Biotech 56:16–30

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

I would like to acknowledge Department of Microbiology, Ayya Nadar Janaki Ammal College (Autonomous) Sivakasi 626 124, Tamil Nadu, for providing the facilities to carry out this work with success.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Contributions

SM designed experiments. SM, RD, and PM conducted the experiments, collected the data, and prepared the manuscript. SS, LK, PS, and BH reviewed technical discussion and improved the earlier version of the manuscript. SP and SS reviewed the draft manuscript and formal analysis. All the authors read and approved the final manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Subbiah Sankaralingam.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of interest

The authors declare no competing interests.

Additional information

Publisher’s note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Supplementary Information

Below is the link to the electronic supplementary material.

Supplementary file1 (DOCX 13 KB)

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Shunmugiah Mahendran, Subbiah Sankaralingam, Pandiaraj Maheswari et al. Production, characterization, and feed supplement applications of phytase enzyme from Aspergillus tubingensis isolated from Western Ghats soil. Biomass Conv. Bioref. 14, 8447–8457 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13399-022-02894-3

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13399-022-02894-3

Keywords

Navigation