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Reduced cell wall degradation plays a role in cow dung-mediated management of wilt complex disease of chickpea

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Abstract

Chickpea, a major pulse crop, is highly prone to a devastating wilt disease commonly caused by the complex interaction of soilborne fungal pathogens of the genus Fusarium, Rhizoctonia and Sclerotinia. These pathogens collectively cause both superficial and sunken lesions resulting in symptoms like wilting and yellowing causing plant losses at seedling stage and become a major limiting factor for its growth and yield. Earlier studies demonstrated the role of composted mixture in protection against soilborne pathogens. However, there is paucity of substantial evidence for the mechanism of protection. The present study predicts the probable mechanism of cow dung-mediated reduction of wilt in Cicer arietinum. Cow dung-coated seeds sown in presence of mixture of fungi (FCD) could reduce the activities of cell wall-degrading enzymes produced by plant roots in response to pathogens, which were otherwise higher in mixture of wilt complex fungi/pathogens (FUN) treatment. Reduction in transcript accumulation of related genes followed by histological studies showed intercellular fungal colonization in FUN treatment, whereas it was undetected in FCD. Results indicate that cow dung treatment of chickpea seeds reduces activities of the cell wall-degrading enzymes in a transcriptionally regulated manner, which in turn function as biocontrol measure for disease.

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Abbreviations

SAR:

Systemic acquired resistance

SA:

Salicylic acid

PME:

Pectin methyl esterase activity

PL:

Endopectate lyase

CEL:

Cellulase

Gal3:

β,1-3 galactosidase

PG:

Polygalacturonase

PGIP:

Polygalacturonase-inhibiting protein

CHT:

Chitinase

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Acknowledgments

The study was supported by internal grants of CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow. We are indebted to Dr. Autar K. Mattoo, Vegetable Laboratory, BARC, USDA-ARS, Beltsville, MD, USA, for his valuable suggestions and useful discussions. Thanks are due to Dr. D. V. Amla, Chief Scientist, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, for critically editing the manuscript.

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The authors declare no conflict of interest.

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  1. CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow, 226001, India

    Chandra Shekhar Nautiyal, Suchi Srivastava, Sandhya Mishra, Mehar Hasan Asif, Puneet Singh Chauhan, Poonam C. Singh & Pravendra Nath

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  1. Chandra Shekhar Nautiyal
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  2. Suchi Srivastava
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Correspondence to Chandra Shekhar Nautiyal.

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Nautiyal, C.S., Srivastava, S., Mishra, S. et al. Reduced cell wall degradation plays a role in cow dung-mediated management of wilt complex disease of chickpea. Biol Fertil Soils 49, 881–891 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00374-013-0782-x

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