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Recent Developments in Bioprocessing of Recombinant Antibody Fragments

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Abstract

Biotechnological and biomedical applications of antibodies have been on a steady rise since the 1980s. As unique and highly specific bioreagents, monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) have been widely exploited and approved as therapeutic agents. However, the use of mAbs has limitations for therapeutic applications. Antibody fragments (AbFs) with preserved antigen-binding sites have a significant potential to overcome the disadvantages of conventional mAbs, such as heterogeneous tissue distribution after systemic administration, especially in solid tumors, and Fc-mediated bystander activation of the immune system. AbFs possess better biodistribution coefficient due to lower molecular weight. They preserve the functional features of mAbs, such as antigen specificity and binding, while at the same time, ensuring much better tissue penetration. An additional benefit of AbFs is the possibility of their production in bacterial and yeast cells due to the small size, more robust structure, and lack of posttranslational modifications. In this review, we described current approaches to the AbF production with recent examples of AbF synthesis in bacterial and yeast expression systems and methods for the production optimization.

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Abbreviations

AbF:

antibody fragment

mAb:

monoclonal antibody

scFv:

single-chain variable fragments

VHH:

variable domains of heavy-chain antibody

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Funding

This work was funded by the Ministry of Education, Science, and Technological Development of Republic of Serbia (contracts nos. 451-03-47/2023-01/200168, 451-03-47/2023-01/200288, and 451-03-47/2023-01/200026).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Center for Chemistry, Institute for Chemistry, Technology, and Metallurgy, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia

    Nevena Zelenovic

  2. Innovative Centre, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Belgrade, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia

    Lidija Filipovic

  3. Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Belgrade, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia

    Milica Popovic

Authors
  1. Nevena Zelenovic
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  2. Lidija Filipovic
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  3. Milica Popovic
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Contributions

M.P. supervised the study; L.F., N.Z., and M.P. wrote and edited the manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Milica Popovic.

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The authors declare no conflict of interest. This article does not contain description of studies with the involvement of humans or animal subjects performed by any of the authors.

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Zelenovic, N., Filipovic, L. & Popovic, M. Recent Developments in Bioprocessing of Recombinant Antibody Fragments. Biochemistry Moscow 88, 1191–1204 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1134/S0006297923090018

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S0006297923090018

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