Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Genetic Differentiation and Adaptability of Teak (Tectona grandis L.f.) Meta-Population in India

  • Original Paper
  • Published:
Plant Molecular Biology Reporter Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The genetic differentiation of teak meta-population in India was investigated in relation to geographical and climatic variations employing dominant ISSR markers followed by Bayesian statistical analysis to understand adaptability of the species. The analysis based on 290 teak genotypes representing 29 locations of its natural distribution and 43 ISSR loci exhibited an insignificant structure and low 2.76% LD (≥ 0.1 R2 values, p < 0.001) in teak meta-population. The genetic and geographical variables despite acting independently with each other resulted in three sub-population clusters in the meta-population. The geographical barrier played a significant role in direction/restriction of gene flow. The integration of spatial/climatic variables altered the clustering pattern of the teak meta-population with signature of the adaptation to the temperature and longitudinal gradients that was also verified by the similar adaptation pattern of meta-population towards predicted global climate modeling for year 2050. The findings can help tackle the sustainable management and conservation of the species and its survival quotient in threat of changing climatic conditions.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Abdurakhmonov I, Saha S, Jenkins J, Buriev Z, Shermatov S, Scheffler B, Pepper A, Yu J, Kohel R, Abdukarimov A (2009) Linkage disequilibrium based association mapping of fiber quality traits in G hirsutum L variety germplasm. Genetica 136(3):401–417

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ansari SA, Narayanan C, Wali SA, Kumar R, Shukla N, Kumar SR (2012) ISSR markers for analysis of molecular diversity and genetic structure of Indian teak (Tectona grandis L f ) locations. Ann For Res 55(1):1–13

    Google Scholar 

  • Balkenhol N, Waits LP, Dezzani RJ (2009) Statistical approaches in landscape genetics: an evaluation of methods for linking landscape and genetic data. Ecography 32:818–830

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bhat KM, Ma HO (2004) Teak growers unite. Trop For Update 14(1):3–5

    Google Scholar 

  • Blödner C, Skroppa T, Johnsen O, Polle A (2005) Freezing tolerance in two Norway spruce (Picea abies [L ] Karst) progenies is physiologically correlated with drought tolerance. J Plant Physiol 162:549–558

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bonin A, Ehrich D, Manel S (2007) Statistical analysis of amplified fragment length polymorphism data: a toolbox for molecular ecologists and evolutionists. Mol Ecol 16(18):3737–3758

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bower AD, Aitken SN (2008) Ecological genetics and seed transfer guidelines for Pinus albicaulis (Pinaceae). Am J Bot 95:66–76

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bradbury PJ, Zhang Z, Kroon DE, Casstevens TM, Ramdoss Y, Buckler ES (2007) TASSEL: software for association mapping of complex traits in diverse samples. Bioinform 23(19):2633–2635

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Corander J, Waldmann P, Marttinen P, Sillanpää MJ (2004) BAPS 2: enhanced possibilities for the analysis of genetic population structure. Bioinform 20:2363–2369

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • DiLeo MF, Wagner HH (2016) A landscape ecologist’s agenda for landscape genetics. Curr Landscape Ecol Rep 1:115–126

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Doyle JJ, Doyle JL (1990) Isolation of plant from fresh tissue. Focus 12:13–15

  • Eckert AJ, Bower AD, González-Martínez SC, Wegrzyn JL, Coop G, Neale DB (2010) Back to nature: ecological genomics of loblolly pine (Pinus taeda, Pinaceae). Mol Ecol 19:3789–3805

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Evanno G, Regnaut S, Goudet J (2005) Detecting the number of clusters of individuals using the software STRUCTURE: a simulation study. Mol Ecol 14:2611–2621

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Excoffier L, Lischer HEL (2010) ARLEQUIN suite ver 3 5: a new series of programs to perform population genetics analyses under LINUX and WINDOWS. Mol Ecol Notes 10:564–567

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Falush D, Stephens M, Pritchard JK (2007) Inference of population structure using multilocus genotype data: dominant markers and null alleles. Mol Ecol Notes 7:574–578

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Fang D, Roose M (1997) Identification of closely related citrus cultivars with inter-simple sequence repeat markers. Theor Appl Genet 95:408–447

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fang JY, Chung JD, Chiang YC, Chang CT, Chen CY, Hwang SY (2013) Divergent selection and local adaptation in disjunct populations of an endangered conifer, Keteleeria davidiana var formosana (Pinaceae). PLoS One 8:e70162

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Flint-Garcia SA, Thornsberry JM, Buckler ES (2003) Structure of linkage disequilibrium in plants. Annu Rev Plant Biol 54:357–374

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Fofana I, Ofori D, Poitel M, Verhaegen D (2009) Diversity and genetic structure of teak (Tectona grandis Linn f) in its natural range using DNA microsatellite markers. New For 37:175–195

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Foll M, Gaggiotti OA (2008) Genome-scan method to identify selected loci appropriate for both dominant and codominant markers: a Bayesian perspective. Genet 180:977–993

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gangopadhyay G, Gangopadhyay SB, Poddar R (2003) Micropropagation of Tectona grandis: assessment of genetic fidelity. Biol Plant 46:459–461

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Grativol C, da Fonseca Lira-Medeiros C, Hemerly AS, Ferreira PC (2011) High efficiency and reliability of inter-simple sequence repeats (ISSR) markers for evaluation of genetic diversity in Brazilian cultivated Jatropha curcas L accessions. Mol Biol Rep 38(7):4245–4256

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hansen OK, Changtragoon S, Ponoy B, Kjær ED, Minn Y, Finkeldey R, Nielsen KB, Graudal L (2015) Genetic resources of teak (Tectona grandis Linn f)—strong genetic structure among natural populations. Tree Genet Genomes 11:802. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11295-014-0802-5

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hijmans RJ, Cameron SE, Parra JL, Jones PG, Jarvis A (2005) Very high resolution interpolated climate surfaces for global land areas. Int J Climatol 25:1965–1978

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Holsinger KE (1999) Analysis of genetic diversity in geographically structured populations: a Bayesian perspective. Hereditas 130:245–255

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Holsinger KE, Wallace LE (2004) Bayesian approach for analysis of population structure: an example from Planthanthera leucophaea (Orchidaceae). Mol Ecol 13:887–894

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Holsinger KE, Lewis PO, Dey DK (2002) A Bayesian approach to inferring population structure from dominant markers. Mol Ecol 11:1157–1164

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hubisz MJ, Falush D, Stephens M, Pritchard JK (2009) Inferring weak population structure with the assistance of sample group information. Mol Ecol Resour 9:1322–1332

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Kaosa-ard A (1989) Teak (Tectona grandis L f )—its natural distribution and related factors. Nat Hist Bull Siam Soc 29:55–74

    Google Scholar 

  • Katwal RPS (2005) Teak in India: status, prospects and perspectives. In: Bhat KM, Nair KKN, Bhat KV, Muralidharan EM, Sharma JK (eds) Quality timber products of teak from sustainable forest management. Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi, pp 1–18

    Google Scholar 

  • Kertadikara AWS, Prat D (1995) Genetic structure and mating system in teak (Tectona grandis L f ) provenances. Silvae Genet 44:2–3

    Google Scholar 

  • Khan MA, Korban SS (2012) Association mapping in forest trees and fruit crops. J Exp Bot 63:4045–4060. https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/ers105

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Khanna LS (1984) Principles and practice of silviculture Khanna Bhandu, Dehra Dun, India

  • Kjaer ED, Siegismund HR, Suangtho V (1996) A multivariate study on genetic variation in teak (Tectona grandis Linn f) Silvae Genet 45: 361–368

  • Liu K, Muse SV (2005) Integrated analysis environment for genetic marker data. Bioinform 21(9):2128–2129

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lynch M, Milligan BG (1994) Analysis of population genetic structure with RAPD markers. Mol Ecol 3:91–99

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Manel S, Schwartz MK, Luikart G, Taberlet P (2003) Landscape genetics: combining landscape ecology and population genetics. Trends in Ecol Evol 18: 189–197

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Manel S, Gugerli F, Thuiller W, Alvarez N, Legendre P, Holderegger R, Gilley L, Taberlet P (2012) Broad-scale adaptive genetic variation in alpine plants is driven by temperature and precipitation. Mol Ecol 21:3729–3738

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Minder AM, Widmer AA (2008) Population genomic analysis of species boundaries: neutral processes, adaptive divergence and introgression between two hybridizing plant species. Mol Ecol 17:1552–1563

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Miyashita NT, Kawabe A, Innan H (1999) DNA variation in the wild plant Arabidopsis thaliana revealed by amplified fragment length polymorphism analysis. Genetics 152:1723–1731

    CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Mort ME, Crawford D, Santos-Guerra A, Wolfe AD (2003) Relationships among the macaronesian members of tolpis (Asteraceae: Lactuceae) based upon analyses of inter simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers. Taxon 52:511–518

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Morton NE, Zhang W, Taillon-Miller P, Ennis S, Kwok PY, Collins A (2001) The optimal measure of allelic association. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 98:5217–5221

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Naik PK, Alam MA, Singh H, Goyal V, Parida S, Kalia S, Mohapatra T (2010) Assessment of genetic diversity through RAPD, ISSR and AFLP markers in Podophyllum hexandrum: a medicinal herb from the northwestern Himalayan region. Physiol Mol Biol Plants 16:135–148

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Narayanan C, Wali SA, Shukla N, Kumar R, Mandal AK, Ansari SA (2007) RAPD and ISSR markers for molecular characterization of teak (Tectona grandis) plus trees. J Trop For Sci 19(4):218–225

    Google Scholar 

  • Nicodemus A, Nagarajan B, Narayanan C (2005) RAPD variation in Indian teak populations and its implications for breeding and conservation. In: Bhat KM, Nair KKN, Bhat KV, Muralidharan EM, Sharma JK (eds) Quality timber products of teak from sustainable forest management. Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi, pp 321–330

    Google Scholar 

  • Nunney L (1999) The effective size of a hierarchically structured population. Evolution 53:1–10

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Palupi ER, Owens JN (1998) Reproductive phenology and reproductive success of teak (Tectona grandis L. f.). Int J Plant Sci 159(5):833–842

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Parthiban KT, Surendran C, Paramathma M, Sasikumar K (2005) Molecular characterization of teak seed sources using RAPDs. In: Bhat KM, Nair KKN, Bhat KV, Muralidharan EM, Sharma JK (eds) Quality timber products of teak from sustainable forest management. Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi, pp 331–337

    Google Scholar 

  • Peakall R, Smouse PE (2006) GENALEX 6: genetic analysis in Excel. Population genetic software for teaching and research. Mol Ecol Notes 6:288–295

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Peakall R, Smouse PE (2012) GenAlEx 6.5: genetic analysis in Excel. Population genetic software for teaching and research—an update. Bioinform 28:2537–2539

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Phillips SJ, Anderson RP, Schapire RE (2006) Maximum entropy modeling of species geographic distributions. Ecol Model 190(3–4):231–259

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Plomion C, Bastien C, Bogeat-Triboulot ME, Bouer L, D_ejardin A, Duplessis S, Fady B, Heuertz M, Le Gac A, Provost GL et al (2016) Forest tree genomics: 10 achievements from the past 10 years and future prospects. Ann For Sci 73:77–103

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Prevost A, Wilkinson MJ (1999) A new system of comparing PCR primers applied to ISSR fingerprinting of potato cultivars. Theor Appl Genet 98:107–112

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pritchard JK, Stephens JK, Rosenberg NA, Donnelly P (2000) Association mapping in structured populations. Am J Hum Genet 67:170–181

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Prunier J, Gérardi S, Laroche J, Beaulieu J, Bousquet J (2011) Parallel and lineage-specific molecular adaptation to climate in boreal black spruce. Mol Ecol 21:4270–4286

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ram S, Bagaonkar HP, Sikder AB (2011) Growth and climate relationship in teak trees from Conolly’s plot,South India. Curr Sci 100(5):630–633

    Google Scholar 

  • Remington DL, Thornsberry JM, Matsuoka Y, Wilson LM, Whitt SR, Doebley J, Kresovich S, Goodman MM, Buckler ES (2001) Structure of linkage disequilibrium and phenotypic associations in the maize genome. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 98:11479–11484

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Richardson BA, Rehfeldt GE, Kim MS (2009) Congruent climate-related gene ecological responses from molecular markers and quantitative traits for western white pine (Pinus monticola). Int J Plant Sci 170:1120–1131

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sharma SS, Aadil K, Negi MS, Tripathi SB (2014) Efficacy of two dominant marker systems, ISSR and TE-AFLP for assessment of genetic diversity in biodiesel species Pongamia pinnata. Curr Sci 106:1576–1580

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Shrestha MK, Volkaert H, Van der Straeten D (2005) Assessment of genetic diversity in Tectonagrandis using amplified fragment length polymorphism markers. Can J For Res 35:1017–1022

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sork VL, Davis FW, Westfall R, Flint A, Ikegami M, Wang H, Grivet D (2010) Gene movement and genetic association with regional climate gradients in California valley oak (Quercus lobata Nee) in the face of climate change. Mol Ecol 19:3806–3823

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sork VL, Aitken SN, Dyer RJ, Eckert AJ, Legendre P, Neale DB (2013) Putting the landscape into the genomics of trees: approaches for understanding local adaptation and population responses to changing climate. Tree Genet Genomes 9:901–911. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11295-013-0596-x

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Spiegelhalter DJ, Best NG, Carlin BP, Van der Linde A (2002) Bayesian measures of model complexity and fit. J Royal Stat Soc B 64:583–689

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sreekanth PM, Balasundaran M, Nazeem PA, Suma TB (2012) Genetic diversity of nine natural Tectona grandis L f populations of the Western Ghats in Southern India. Conserv Genet 13:1409–1419

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Thorogood CJ, Rumsey FJ, Harris SA, Hiscock SJ (2008) Host-driven divergence in the parasitic plant Orobanche minor Sm (Orobanchaceae). Mol Ecol 17:4289–4303

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Tiwari A, Kumar P, Chawhan PH, Singh S, Ansari SA (2006) Carbonic anhydrase in Tectona grandis: kinetics, stability, isozyme analysis and relationship with photosynthesis. Tree Physiol 26:1067–1079

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Tsumura Y, Uchiyama K, Moriguchi Y, Ueno S, Ihara-Ujino T (2012) Genome scanning for detecting adaptive genes along environmental gradients in the Japanese conifer Cryptomeria japonica. Heredity 109:349–360

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Vaishnaw V, Mohammad N, Wali SA, Kumar R, Tripathi SB, Negi MS, Ansari SA (2015) AFLP markers for analysis of genetic diversity and structure of teak (Tectona grandis L f ) in India. Can J For Res 44:297–306

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Verhaegen D, Fofana IJ, Logossa ZA, Ofori D (2010) What is the genetic origin of teak (Tectona grandis L ) introduced in Africa and Indonesia? Tree Genet Genomes 6:717–733

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wang J, Caballero A (1999) Developments in predicting the effective size of subdivided populations. Heredity 82:212–226

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wang T, Chen GP, Zan QJ, Wang CB, Su YJ (2012) AFLP genome scan to detect genetic structure and candidate loci under selection for local adaptation of the invasive weed Mikania micrantha. PLoS One 7:e41310

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Wang T, Wang Z, Xia F, Su Y (2016) Local adaptation to temperature and precipitation in naturally fragmented populations of Cephalotaxus oliveri, an endangered conifer endemic to China. Sci Rep 6. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep25031

  • Weir BS, Cockerham CC (1984) Estimating F-statistics for the analysis of population structure. Evolution 38:1358–1370

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Weir BS, Hill WG (1980) Effect of mating structure on variation in linkage disequilibrium. Genetics 95:447–488

    Google Scholar 

  • Williams JGK, Kubelik AR, Livak KJ, Rafalski JA, Tingey SV (1990) DNA polymorphisms amplified by arbitrary primers are useful as genetic markers. Nucleic Acids Res 8:6531–6535

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wolfe AD, Xiang QY, Kephart SR (1998a) Diploid hybrid speciation in Penstemon (Scrophulariaceae). Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 95:52–55

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wolfe AD, Xiang QY, Kephart SR (1998b) Assessing hybridization in natural populations of Penstemon (Scrophulariaceae) using hypervariable inter simple sequence repeat markers. Mol Ecol 7:1107–1125

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Wright S (1951) The genetical structure of populations. Ann Eugenics 15:323–354

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wright S (1965) The interpretation of population structure by F-statistics with special regard to systems of mating. Evolution 19:395–420

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wright S (1978) Evolution and the Genetics of Population, Vol 4 Variability within and among natural populations The University of Chicago Press, Chicago

  • Yu J, Pressoir G, Briggs WH, Vroh Bi I, Yamasaki M, Doebley JF, McMullen MD, Gaut BS, Nielsen DM, Holland JB, Kresovich S, Buckler ES (2006) A unified mixed-model method for association mapping that accounts for multiple levels of relatedness. Nat Genet 38(2):203–208

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Zhang Y, Yan H, Jiang X, Wang X, Huang L, Xu B, Zhang X, Zhang L (2016) Genetic variation, population structure and linkage disequilibrium in switchgrass with ISSR, SCoT and EST-SSR markers. Heredity 153:4. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41065-016-0007-z

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zhao H, Nettleton D, Soller M, Dekkers JCM (2005) Evaluation of linkage disequilibrium measures between multi-allelic markers as predictors of linkage disequilibrium between markers and QTL. Genet Res 86:77–87

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Zhivotovsky LA (1999) Estimating population structure in diploids with multilocus dominant DNA markers. Mol Ecol 8:907–913

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Zietkiewicz E, Rafalski A, Labuda D (1994) Genome fingerprinting by simple sequence repeat (SSR)-anchored polymerase chain reaction amplification. Genomics 20(2):176–183

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

The present manuscript has used binary data (0,1) of five ISSR primers generated under the Research Project Grant (BT/PR/3000/AGR/16/236/ 2002) by Department of Biotechnology, Ministry of Science and Technology, Government of India, New Delhi, which is gratefully acknowledged.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Forest Productivity, Lalgutwa, NH-23, Ranchi, 835303, India

    Vivek Vaishnav & Shamim Akhtar Ansari

Authors
  1. Vivek Vaishnav
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Shamim Akhtar Ansari
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Shamim Akhtar Ansari.

Electronic supplementary material

ESM 1

(JPG 229 kb)

ESM 2

(DOCX 16 kb)

ESM 3

(JPG 80 kb)

ESM 4

(DOCX 12 kb)

ESM 5

(DOCX 15 kb)

ESM 6

(JPG 1011 kb)

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Vaishnav, V., Ansari, S.A. Genetic Differentiation and Adaptability of Teak (Tectona grandis L.f.) Meta-Population in India. Plant Mol Biol Rep 36, 564–575 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11105-018-1101-3

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11105-018-1101-3

Keywords

Search

Navigation