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What is the genetic origin of teak (Tectona grandis L.) introduced in Africa and in Indonesia?

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Abstract

The first introduction of Tectona grandis in Indonesia took place between the fourteenth and sixteenth centuries and in Africa in the nineteenth century. A total of 1.1 and 0.3 million ha, respectively were planted in the two areas. The extension of teak plantations often started from these first introductions. Unfortunately, the documentation concerning dates, planting stocks and the sources of origin of the teak imported into the different countries was very inaccurate. In this study, the use of 15 microsatellite molecular markers enabled us to compare 22 exotic teak provenances with 17 provenances of the natural range. Results of the analysis showed that the provenances from South India were not related to the provenances that were first introduced in either Africa or Indonesia. Nearly 95% of teak landraces in Benin, Cameroon, Côte d’Ivoire, Tanzania, Togo and Senegal came from North India, and 96% of Indonesian and Ghanaian teak appeared to be very closely linked to Central Laos. The genetic origin of introduced teak was confirmed by the main traits of interest of provenances observed in international trials. Thus, trees from North India had very bad stem forms compared to Laotian and Thai provenances, which generally had good stem forms but low vigour. This genetic knowledge is essential for programmes to develop varieties and to improve the quality of plantations, particularly in Africa.

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Acknowledgements

We would like to thank the European Commission project “Waft” (Inco-Dev ICA4-CT-2001-10090) that supported this research in Ghana, in Côte d’Ivoire and at CIRAD Bios (French Agricultural Research Centre for International Development) UR 39 laboratory. Many thanks to the SODEFOR (Forest Development Society BP 3770 Abidjan 01 Côte d’Ivoire) and FORIG (Forestry Research Institute of Ghana UST P.O Box 63 Kumasi Ghana), which supplied the teak plant material. Finally we wish to thank Claire Billot from CIRAD Bios for having allowed and facilitated access to the sequencer of the molecular biology laboratory, as well as Ronan Rivallan for technical support.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. CIRAD Biological System Department Research Unit 39: “Genetic Diversity and Breeding of Forest Tree Species”, Campus International de Baillarguet TA A-39/C, 34398, Montpellier Cedex 5, France

    Daniel Verhaegen, Inza Jesus Fofana, Zénor A. Logossa & Daniel Ofori

  2. Laboratoire de Génétique, Université de Cocody, Abidjan 22, BP 582, Abidjan 22, Côte d’Ivoire

    Inza Jesus Fofana

  3. Université de Lomé Faculté des Sciences, BP 1515, Lomé, Togo

    Zénor A. Logossa

  4. Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, Forestry Research Institute of Ghana, Biodiversity and Land Use Division, Biotechnology Laboratory, UST, P.O. Box 63, Kumasi, Ghana

    Daniel Ofori

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  1. Daniel Verhaegen
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  2. Inza Jesus Fofana
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Correspondence to Daniel Verhaegen.

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Communicated by: A. Kremer

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Verhaegen, D., Fofana, I.J., Logossa, Z.A. et al. What is the genetic origin of teak (Tectona grandis L.) introduced in Africa and in Indonesia?. Tree Genetics & Genomes 6, 717–733 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11295-010-0286-x

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