Abstract
Solution casting method is used to prepare solid polymer electrolyte films composed of Na2TeO3/PVA (x wt% of Na2TeO3; x = (0.0, 1.1, 3.3, 4.4, 8.9 and 17.8). The description of crystalline nature parameters of the solid polymer electrolyte films has been confirmed by adding salt by XRD analysis. The average inter-crystallite separation and stacking fault is reduced as the dislocation density increments with a rising salt concentration in the polymer matrix. The decrease in the indirect optical energy gap and the observed increase in refractive index (n) of Na2TeO3/PVA samples with the increasing Na2TeO3 salt compared with the pure PVA suggest the possibility of their use in optical device applications. Moreover, the materials' refractive index values were determined from Moss, Reddy, Anani, and Kumar-Singh relationships. In terms of equivalent circuits, the impedance spectra were fitted and explained. The optical limiting of prepared films with different salt content was investigated by continuous laser beam waves operated at 532.8 nm. The findings showed that the films attenuate the laser beam. The obtained dielectric parameters supposed that the Na2TeO3 salt embedded within the PVA as a matrix conveys faster charge transfer and acts as a non-ideal capacitor. The conductivity–frequency dependence was investigated using empirical Jonscher’s power law. The produced polymeric electrolyte films can be widely relevant to electronic and optoelectronic, and biomedical applications.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Abdelaziz, M., Abdelrazek, E.M.: Effect of dopant mixture on structural, optical, and electron spin resonance properties of polyvinyl alcohol. Phys. B 390, 1-9 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physb.2006.07.067
Abdelaziz, M., Ghannam, M.M.: Influence of titanium chloride addition on the optical and dielectric properties of PVA films. Phys. B 405(3), 958–964 (2010b). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physb.2009.10.030
Abdelaziz, M., Ghannam, M.M.: Influence of titanium chloride addition on the optical and dielectric properties of PVA films. Phys. B 405, 958–964 (2010a). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physb.2009.10.030
Abdullah, O.G., Saber, D.R., Taha, S.A.: The optical characterization of polyvinyl alcohol: cobalt nitrate solid polymer electrolyte films. Adv. Mater. Lett. 6, 153–157 (2015b). https://doi.org/10.5185/amlett.2015.5687
Abdullah, OGh., Tahir, D.A., Saber, D.R.: Optical properties of the synthesized cr2s3 nanoparticles embedded in polyvinyl alcohol. Sci. J. Koya Univ. 3(1), 45–49 (2015a). https://doi.org/10.14500/aro.10067
Abdullah, OGh., Aziz, S.B., Rasheed, M.A.: Structural and optical characterization of PVA:KMnO4 based solid polymer electrolyte. Res. Phys. 6, 1103–1108 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rinp.2016.11.050
Afzal, A.B., Akhtar, M.J., Nadeem, M., Ahmad, M., Hassan, M.M., Yasin, T., Mehmood, M.: Structural and electrical properties of polyaniline/silver nanocomposites. J. Phys. D Appl. Phys. 42, 015411 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1088/0022-3727/42/1/015411
Ahad, N., Saion, E., Gharibshahi, E.: Structural, thermal, and electrical properties of PVA-sodium salicylate solid composite polymer electrolyte. J. Nanomater. Article ID 857569 (2012). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/857569.
Ahmed, A.A.A., Al-Hussam, A.M., Abdulwahab, A.M., Ahmed, A.N.A.A.: The impact of sodium chloride as dopant on optical and electrical properties of polyvinyl alcohol. AIMS Mater. Sci. 5(3), 533–542 (2018). https://doi.org/10.3934/matersci.2018.3.533
Al-Faleh, R.S., Zihlif, A.M.: A study on optical absorption and constants of doped poly(ethylene oxide). Phys. B Conden. Matter 406(10), 1919–1925 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physb.2011.01.076
Ali, F.M.: Synthesis and characterization of a novel erbium doped poly(vinyl alcohol) films for multifunctional optical materials. J Inorg. Organomet. Polym. 30, 2418–2429 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10904-019-01386-8
Anani, M., Mathieu, C., Lebid, S., Amar, Y., Chama, Z., Abid, H.: Model for calculating the refractive index of a III–V semiconductor. Comput. Matter. Sci. 41, 570–575 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.commatsci.2007.05.023
Aziz, S.B.: Occurrence of electrical percolation threshold and observation of phase transition in Chitosan(1–x): AgIx (0.05 _ x _ 0.2)-based ion-conducting solid polymer composites. Appl. Phys. A 122, 706 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00339-016-0235-0
Aziz, S.B., Abidin, Z.H.Z.: Ion-transport study in nanocomposite solid polymer electrolytes based on chitosan: electrical and dielectric analysis. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 132, 41774 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1002/app.41774
Aziz, S.B., Marf, A.S., Dannoun, E.M.A., Brza, M.A., Abdullah, R.M.: The study of the degree of crystallinity, electrical equivalent circuit, and dielectric properties of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)-based biopolymer electrolytes. Polymers 12(10), 2184 (2020). https://doi.org/10.3390/polym12102184
Benedict, T.J., Banumathi, S., Veluchamy, A., Gangadharan, R., Ahamad, A.Z., Rajendran, S.: Characterization of plasticized solid polymer electrolyte by XRD and AC impedance methods. J. Power Sourc. 75(1), 171–174 (1998). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-7753(98)00063-9
Bhajantri, R.F., Ravindrachary, V., Harisha, A., Crasta, V.: Microstructural studies on BaCl2 doped poly(vinyl alcohol). Polymer 47, 3591 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymer.2006.03.054
Bhargav, P.B., Mohan, V.M., Sharma, A.K., Rao, V.V.R.N.: Structural, electrical and optical characterization of pure and doped poly (Vinyl Alcohol) (PVA) polymer electrolyte films. Int. J. Polym. Mater. 56, 579–591 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1080/00914030600972790
Bouzidi, A., Jilani, W., Guermazi, H., Yahia, I.S., Zahran, H.Y., Sakr, G.B.: The effect of zinc iodide on the physicochemical properties of highly flexible transparent poly (vinyl alcohol) based polymeric composite films: opto-electrical performance. J. Mater. Sci. Mater. El. 30, 11799–11806 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-019-01552-1
Bouzidi, A., Jilani, W., Yahia, I.S., Zahran, H.Y., Assiri, M.A.: Optical analysis and UV-blocking filter of cadmium iodide-doped polyvinyl alcohol polymeric composite films: synthesis and dielectric properties. J. Inorg. Organomet. Polym Mater. 30, 3940–3952 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10904-020-01534-5
Cabuka, M., Gündüz, B.: Controlling the optical properties of polyaniline doped by boric acid particles by changing their doping agent and initiator concentration. Appl. Surf. Sci. 424, 345–351 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfa.2017.05.008
Chahal, R.P., Mahendia, S., Tomar, A.K., Kumar, S.: γ-Irradiated PVA/Ag nanocomposite films: materials for optical applications. J. Alloy. Compd. 538, 212–219 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2012.05.085
Coskun, D., Gunduz, B., Coskun, M.F.: Synthesis, characterization and significant optoelectronic parameters of 1-(7-methoxy-1-benzofuran-2-yl) substituted chalcone derivatives. J. Mol. Struct. 1178, 261–267 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molstruc.2018.10.043
Costentin, C., Porter, T.R., Savéant, J.-M.: How do pseudocapacitors store energy? Theoretical analysis and experimental illustration. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 9(10), 8649–8658 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.6b14100
El-Sayed, F., Mohammed, M.I., Yahia, I.S.: Discussions on the film design and mechanical properties of Y3+/PVA polymeric composite films: enhancement of the electrical conductivity and dielectric properties. J Mater Sci: Mater Electron 31, 10408–10421 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-020-03589-z
Figà, V., Chiappara, C., Ferrante, F., Casaletto, M.P., Principato, F., Cataldo, S., Chen, Z., Husta, H., Facchetti, A., Pignataro, B.: Symmetric naphthalenediimidequaterthiophenes for electropolymerized electrochromic thin films. J. Mater. Chem. C 3, 5985–5994 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1039/C5TC00746A
Gündüz, B.: Optical properties of poly[2-methoxy-5-(3′,7′-dimethyloctyloxy)-1,4-phenylenevinylene] light-emitting polymer solutions: effects of molarities and solvents. Poly. Bull. 72(12), 3241–3267 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00289-015-1464-7
Hema, M., Selvasekerapandian, S., Hirankumar, G., Sakunthala, A., Arunkumar, D., Nithya, H.: Structural and thermal studies of PVA: NH4I. J. Phys. Chem. Solids 70(7), 1098–1103 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpcs.2009.06.005
Hemalatha, K.S., Rukmani, K.: Concentration dependent dielectric, AC conductivity and sensing study of ZnO-polyvinyl alcohol nanocomposite films. Int. J. Nanotechnol. 14, 961–974 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1504/IJNT.2017.086778
Hussien, M.S.A., Mohammed, M.I., Yahia, I.S.: Flexible photocatalytic membrane based on CdS/PMMA polymeric nanocomposite films: multifunctional materials. Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res. 27, 45225–45237 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-10305-1
Jilani, W., Bouzidi, A., Yahia, I.S., Guermazi, H., Zahran, H.Y., Saker, G.: Effect of organic inorganics on structural properties, linear optics and impedance spectroscopy of methyl orange (CI acid orange 52) doped polyvinyl alcohol composite thin films. J. Mater. Sci. 29, 16446–16453 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-018-9736-2
Jilani, W., Bouzidi, A., Mzabi, N., Gallot-Lavalle, O., Guermazi, H.: Effect of ITO nanoparticles on dielectric relaxation processes and an analysis of the electric impedance characteristics of ITO/Epoxy nanocomposites for embedded capacitor devices. J. Electron. Mater. 48, 6529–6539 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11664-019-07439-5
Jonscher, A.K.: Dielectric relaxation in solids. J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 32(14), R57–R70 (1999). https://doi.org/10.1088/0022-3727/32/14/201
Jyothi, N.K., Ratnam, K.K.V., Murthy, P.N., Kumar, K.V.: Electrical studies of gel polymer electrolyte based on PAN for electrochemical cell applications. Mater. Today 3, 21–30 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2016.01.112
Khairy, Y., Abdel-Aziz, M.M., Algarni, H., Alshehri, A.M., Yahia, I.S., ElhosinyAli, H.: The optical characteristic of PVA composite films doped by ZrO2 for optoelectronic and block UV-Visible applications. Mater. Res. Exp. 6, 11 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1088/2053-1591/ab4e34
Kharrat, H., Elfaleh, N., Kamoun, S.: Synthesis, crystal structure and dielectric properties of C6H18N2SbCl5. J. Phys. Org. Chem. 29(10), 532–543 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1002/poc.3577
Kocherginsky, N.M., Wang, Z.: The role of ionic conductivity and interface in electrical resistance, ion transport and transmembrane redox reactions through polyaniline membranes. Synth. Met. 156, 1065–1072 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.synthmet.2006.06.021
Kumar, V., Singh, J.K.: Model for calculating the refractive index of different materials. J. Pure Appl. Phys. 48, 571–574 (2010)
Kumar, N.B.R., Crasta, V., Bhajantri, R.F., Praveen, B.M.: Microstructural and mechanical studies of PVA dzoped with ZnO and WO3 composites films. J. Poly. 21, 1–16 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/846140
Madhuri, S.N., Hemalatha, K.S., Rukmani, K.: Preparation and investigation of suitability of gadolinium oxide nanoparticle doped polyvinyl alcohol films for optoelectronic applications. J. Mater. Sci.: Mater. Electron. 30, 9051–9063 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-019-01237-9
Marf, ASh., Abdullah, R.M., Aziz, Sh.B.: Structural, morphological, electrical and electrochemical properties of PVA: CS-based proton-conducting polymer blend electrolytes. Membranes 10, 71 (2020). https://doi.org/10.3390/membranes10040071
Masse, R., Guitel, J.C., Tordjman, I.: Preparation chimique et structure cristalline des tellurites de sodium et d’argent : Na2TeO3, Ag2TeO3. Mater. Res. Bull. 15(4), 431–436 (1980). https://doi.org/10.1016/0025-5408(80)90048-3
Mazuki, N., Abdul Majeed, A.P.P., Samsudin, A.S.: Study on electrochemical properties of CMC-PVA doped NH4Br based solid polymer electrolytes system as application for EDLC. J. Polym. Res. 27, 135 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10965-020-02078-5
Meftah, A.M., Gharibashashi, E., Soltani, N., Yunus, W.M.M., Saion, E.: Structural, optical and electrical properties of PVA/PANI/Nickel nanocomposites synthesized by gamma radiolytic method. Polymers 6, 2435–2450 (2014). https://doi.org/10.3390/polym6092435
Moss. T.S.: Relations between the refractive index and energy gap of semiconductors. Phys. Stat. Sol. B 131(2), 415–427 (1985). https://doi.org/10.1002/pssb.2221310202.
Muhammad, F.F., Aziz, S.B., Hussein, S.A.: Effect of the dopant salt on the optical parameters of PVA:NaNO3 solid polymer electrolyte. J. Mater. Sci. Mater. Electron. 26, 521–529 (2015a). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-014-2430-0
Nanda, P., De, S.K., Manna, S., De, U., Tarafdar, S.: Effect of gamma irradiation on a polymer electrolyte: variation in crystallinity, viscosity and ion-conductivity with dose. Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B 268(1), 73–78 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nimb.2009.09.063
Prajapati, G.K., Gupta, P.N.: Conduction mechanism in un-irradiated and γ-irradiated PVA-H3PO4 polymer electrolytes. Nucl. Inst. Methods Phys. Res. Sec. B 267(19), 3328–3332 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nimb.2009.07.006
Praveena, S.D., Ravindrachary, V., Bhajantri, R.F.: Ismayil, Dopant-induced microstructural, optical, and electrical properties of TiO2/PVA composite. Polym. Compos. 27, 987–997 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1002/pc.23258
Qian, HSh., Luo, L.-B., Jun-Yan Gong, S.-H., Li, T.-W., Fei, L.-F.: Te@Cross-linked PVA core-shell structures synthesized by a one-step synergistic soft-hard template process. Crystal Growth Des. 6(2), 607–611 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1021/cg050412p
Qiao, J., Fu, J., Lin, R., Ma, J., Liu, J.: Alkaline solid polymer electrolyte membranes based on structurally modified PVA/PVP with improved alkali stability. Polymer 51(21), 4850–4859 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymer.2010.08.018
Rajendran, S., Sivakumar, M., Subadevi, R.: Li-ion conduction of plasticized PVA solid polymer electrolytes complexed with various lithium salts. Solid State Ionics 167(3–4), 335–339 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssi.2004.01.020
Rao, C.N.R., Ultra-violet and visible Spectroscopy. J Mol Struct 2(1), 91 (1968). https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-2860(68)85011-2
Reddy, R.R., Anjaneyulu, S.: Analysis of the Moss and Ravindra relations. Phys. Status Solidi (b) 174(2), K91–K93 (1992). https://doi.org/10.1002/pssb.2221740238
Sabry, N., Mohammed, M.I., Yahia, I.S.: Optical analysis, optical limiting and electrical properties of novel PbI2/ PVA polymeric nanocomposite films for electronic optoelectronic applications. Mater. Res. Express 6, 115339 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1088/2053-1591/ab4c24
Sachdeva, A., Bhattacharya, B., Singh, V., Singh, A., Tomar, S.K., Singh, P.K.: Electrical and structural properties of multi-walled carbon nanotube–doped polymer electrolyte for photo electrochemical device. High Perform Polym 30(8), 949–956 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1177/0954008318772013
Saroj, A.L., Singh, R.K., Chandra, S.: Thermal, vibrational, and dielectric studies on PVP/LiBF4 + ionic liquid [EMIM][BF4]-based polymer electrolyte films. J. Phys. Chem. Solids 75, 849–857 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpcs.2014.02.005
Shujahadeen, B.A., Brza, M.A., Hamsan, M.H., Kadir, M.F.Z., Muzakir, S.K., Abdulwahid, R.T.: Effect of ohmic-drop on electrochemical performance of EDLC fabricated from PVA: dextran: NH4I based polymer blend electrolytes. J. Market. Res. 9(3), 3734–3745 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmrt.2020.01.110
Siddaiah, T., Ojha, P., Gopal, N.O., Ch Ramu, H., Nagabhushana, : Thermal, structural, optical and electrical properties of PVA/ MAA: EA polymer blend filled with different concentrations of Lithium Perchlorate. J. Sci. Adv. Mater. Devi. 3, 456–463 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsamd.2018.11.004
Tripathy, S.K.: Refractive indices of semiconductors from energy gaps. Opt. Mater. 46, 240–246 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.optmat.2015.04.026
Winie, T., Ramesh, S., Arof, A.K.: Studies on the structure and transport properties of hexanoyl chitosan-based polymer electrolytes. Phys. B Condens. Matter. 404(21), 4308–4311 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physb.2009.08.004
Yahia, I.S., Mohammed M.I.,Facile synthesis of graphene oxide/PVA nanocomposites for laser optical limiting: Band gap analysis and dielectric constants, J. Mater. Sci. Mater. Electron. 29, 8555–8563, (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-018-8869-7.
Yahia, I.S., Mohammed, M.I., Nawar, A.M.: Multifunction applications of TiO2/poly(vinyl alcohol) nanocomposites for laser attenuation applications. Phys. B Condens. Matter 556, 48–60 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physb.2018.12.031
Yang, K., Chi, Q., Wang, X., Jiang, Y., Li, F., Xue, B.: The role of halloy site on crystallinity, ion conductivity, thermal and mechanical properties of poly (ethylene-oxide)/halloysite nanocomposites. J. Polym. Res. 26(6), 138 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10965-019-1803-8
Acknowledgement
The authors would like to acknowledge the support of the Ministry of Education, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, for this research through a grant (PCSED-019-18) under the Promising Centre for Sensors and Electronic Devices (PCSED) at Najran University, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The authors also express their appreciation to the Deanship of Scientific Research at King Khalid University for funding this work through a research groups program under grant number R.G.P2/110/41.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Mohammed, M.I., Jilani, W., Bouzidi, A. et al. Synthesis, optical properties, and impedance spectroscopy of Na2TeO3 doped polyvinyl alcohol as novel polymeric electrolyte films. Opt Quant Electron 53, 280 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11082-021-02937-5
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11082-021-02937-5