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A review on electrocatalysis for alkaline oxygen evolution reaction (OER) by Fe-based catalysts

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Abstract

Electrocatalytic water splitting provides an eco-friendly and efficient way to generate hydrogen energy. The anodic half reaction, oxygen evolution reaction (OER), with a four-electron process leads to sluggish kinetics and then high-energy consumption. Devising and synthesis of efficient and low-cost OER catalysts could overcome this issue. Fe-based non-noble electrocatalysts are observed to have suitable atomic and electronic structures; moreover, they are cheaper and more accessible than noble electrocatalysts. Various Fe-based electrocatalysts are showing a promising catalytic performance for OER. In this review, we concentrate on recent advancement and progress in utilizing these Fe-based catalysts with different supporting materials, including carbon-based materials, layered double hydroxides, Prussian blue analogous, metal–organic frameworks, and so forth. We highlight the OER mechanism and some typical OER electrochemical parameters of Fe-based electrocatalysts supported on various supporting materials from the experimental and theoretical viewpoint. With the gathered information provided in this review, some challenges and expectations for promoting the catalytic performance of Fe-based electrocatalysts are deeply discussed. Indeed, this review could furnish the design of more efficient non-noble metal electrocatalysts with promising directions.

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Figure 1

Reproduced with permission from ref. [75]. Copyright 2021, John Wiley and sons

Figure 2

Reproduced with permission from ref. [80]. Copyright 2013, Royal Society of Chemistry. b The plot of Gibbs free energy diagram of OER versus the reaction coordination. Reproduced with permission from ref. [29]. Copyright 2010, Elsevier

Figure 3

Reproduced with permission from ref. [83]. Copyright 2011 John Wiley and Sons

Figure 4

Reproduced with permission from ref. [84]. Copyright 2019, Elsevier

Figure 5

Reproduced with permission from ref. [85]. Copyright 2018, Elsevier

Figure 6

Reproduced with permission from ref. [86]. Copyright 2016, American Chemical Society

Figure 7

Reproduced with permission from ref. [87]. Copyright 2015, Royal Society of Chemistry. d The schematic illustration of the Fe@C structure. e SEM of Fe@C-NG/NCNTs. f LSV curves in 1 M KOH. g Tafel plots. Reproduced with permission from ref. [88]. Copyright 2013, Royal Society of Chemistry

Figure 8

Reproduced with permission from ref. [89]. Copyright 2016, Royal Society of Chemistry. e TEM of Fe3C@CNTs (Inset: the thickness of multi-walled CNTs). f HRTEM of one Fe3C NP of Fe3C@CNTs. g Polarization curves in 1.0 M KOH solution. h Tafel plots. Reproduced with permission from ref. [90]. Copyright 2021, Elsevier

Figure 9

Reproduced with permission from ref. [92]. Copyright 2013, Royal Society of Chemistry. c SEM of the Fe1Ni1–N–CNFs. d Polarization curves obtained in 0.1 M KOH solution with a scan rate of 0.005 V s−1. e Tafel plots. Reproduced with permission from ref. [91]. Copyright 2017, Elsevier

Figure 10

Reproduced with permission from ref. [93]. Copyright 2021, Elsevier. c HRTEM of Fe3O4@Co9S8/rGO. d LSV curves in 1 M KOH solution. e OER polarization curves for the Fe3O4@Co9S8/rGO-2 before and after 1000 cycles of accelerated stability test. Reproduced with permission from ref. [96]. Copyright 2016, John Wiley and Sons. f HRTEM of the RGO-Ni–Fe LDH. g iR-corrected polarization curves. h E-t curves of different catalysts on the GC at a constant current density of 2.5 mA cm−2 in 0.1 M KOH. Reproduced with permission from ref. [95]. Copyright 2016, Elsevier. i, j SEMs of Ni0.7Fe0.3Se2/rGO-30% catalyst. Reproduced with permission from ref. [94]. Copyright 2020, Elsevier

Figure 11

Reproduced with permission from ref. [97]. Copyright 1969, Elsevier. e SEM of Er0.4 Fe-MOF/NF. f LSV curves tested in 1.0 M KOH. g i-t curves at current densities of 100 mA cm−2 (Inset: the SEM image after testing). Reproduced with permission from ref 98. Copyright 2021, MDPI. h SEM of NiFe–MOF–74/NF. i TEM of NiFe-MOF-74/NF. e CV curves of NiFe–MOF–74/NF, Ni–MOF–74/NF, NF and IrO2. j CV curves recorded before and after 3000 uninterrupted CV cycles. Reproduced with permission from ref. [99]. Copyright 2018, Royal Society of Chemistry

Figure 12

Reproduced with permission from ref. [100]. Copyright 2019, John Wiley and Sons. d Schematic illustration of synthesis of Ni-MOF@Fe-MOF hybrid nanosheets. e Overpotentials and current density of different catalysts at 10 mA cm−2 and 1.50 V versus RHE, respectively. f RRDE measurement of 2D Ni–MOF@Fe–MOF hybrid in O2 − saturated 1 M KOH at a rotation rate of 1600 rpm with the constant ring potential of 1.50 V versus RHE. Reproduced with permission from ref. [101]. Copyright 2018, John Wiley and Sons. g SEM of Ni-doped FeF2. h Polarization curves. i Nyquist plots. Reproduced with permission from ref. [102]. Copyright 1996, Royal Society of Chemistry. j The Gibbs free energy diagrams for OER on Fe36C108O156, Fe26Co10C108O156, Fe30Ni6C108O156 and Fe26Ni2Co8C108O156 systems. k FE-SEM of Fe2.1Ni0.2Co0.7-MIL/CFP. l The comparisons of the overpotential at the j = 10 mA cm−2. Reproduced with permission from ref. [103]. Copyright 2021, Elsevier

Figure 13

Reproduced with permission from ref. [104]. Copyright 2019, John Wiley and Sons. d SEM (Inset: the size distribution histogram of FeNi3-BTC MOF). e The overpotentials at 10 mA cm−2 and the current densities at 300 mV versus the RHE for the studied catalysts. f CP curve of FeNi3-BTC at the potential corresponding to the current density of 10 mA cm−2 (Inset: the LSVs before and after 15 h of CP measurement). Reproduced with permission from ref. [105]. Copyright 2019, Elsevier

Figure 14

Reproduced with permission from ref. [106]. Copyright 2022, Elsevier. g SEM of Ni–Fe-MoO4-LDH. h LSV curves of all catalytic electrodes (electrolyte: 0.1 M KOH, scan rate: 10 mV∙s−1) i Nyquist diagram (350 mV overpotential, 1 M KOH, room temperature). Reproduced with permission from ref. [108]. Copyright 2019, Elsevier. j SEM of the prepared Ni–Fe-P at 350 °C. k LSV curves. l Long-time durability test of the Ni–Fe-P-350 electrolyzer at 10 mA cm−2 (Inset: the photograph during the overall water splitting). Reproduced with permission from ref. [109]. Copyright 2017, American Chemical Society

Figure 15

Reproduced with permission from ref. [110]. Copyright 2017, John Wiley and Sons

Figure 16

Reproduced with permission from ref. [111]. Copyright 2021, American Chemical Society

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    Yi Xiong & Ping He

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Xiong, Y., He, P. A review on electrocatalysis for alkaline oxygen evolution reaction (OER) by Fe-based catalysts. J Mater Sci 58, 2041–2067 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-023-08176-1

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