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Genetic dissection of spike-related traits in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under aluminum stress

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Abstract

Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is one of the most important cereals and is a major staple food in developing countries. However, in acid soils, its productivity is limited by aluminum (Al) toxicity. Wheat yield can be enhanced by modifying the spike-related traits. In order to identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) associated with Al tolerance, 167 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) derived from a cross between SeriM82 and Babax were evaluated under normal and Al stress conditions for two consecutive crop seasons. Using Composite Interval Mapping (CIM) method, 64 QTLs including 13 putative and 51 suggestive QTLs were detected for all traits. These QTLs explained 3.58–14.39% of the total variations during both the crop seasons. Using mixed model-based composite interval mapping (MCIM) method, 58 QTLs were determined to have significant additive effects, of which 21 also showed epistatic effects. Twenty-three additive QTLs had significant interaction with environment, and 35 QTLs with no additive × environment interactions (AEI) were suggested as stable. Seven pairs of 12 pairs epistatic QTLs exhibited significant interactions with environment. 16.00% of additive QTL × environment interactions (QEIs) and 71.43% of epistatic QEIs were related to Al stress with significant genetic effects increasing phenotypic values. In both method, nine QTL clusters on six LGs 2A-d, 2D, 3B, 4B, 6A-a, and 7D-a, indicated pleiotropy or gene linkage in the inheritance of spike-related traits. These results will be of great value for marker-assisted selection and QTL pyramiding in wheat breeding programs for Al tolerance, following validation in different environments and genetic backgrounds and will accelerate the understanding of the genetic relationships among spike-related traits at the molecular level.

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Acknowledgements

The authors are very grateful to Dr. Lynne McIntyre for providing the marker data of SeriM82/Babax population. The Darab Agriculture and Natural Resources Research and Education Center for providing the seeds of the SB population and the support in field trials and also Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources of Darab to provide laboratory facilities.

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This research did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial or not-for-profit sectors.

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  1. Department of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zabol, Bonjar Rd, Zabol, Sistan and Baluchestan Province, Iran

    Sara Farokhzadeh, Barat Ali Fakheri & Nafiseh Mahdi Nezhad

  2. Department of Seed and Plant Improvement Research, Fars Agriculture and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Shiraz, Iran

    Sirous Tahmasebi

  3. Department of Plant Production, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources of Darab, Shiraz University, Darab, Iran

    Abbas Mirsoleimani

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  1. Sara Farokhzadeh
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  4. Sirous Tahmasebi
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Contributions

B.A.F, S.T, N.M.N and A.M designed the research and edited the manuscript. Thanks to S.T for the help in statistical analysis. S.F. performed the experiments, analyzed the data, and wrote the primary draft of the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Sara Farokhzadeh.

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Farokhzadeh, S., Fakheri, B.A., Mahdi Nezhad, N. et al. Genetic dissection of spike-related traits in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under aluminum stress. Genet Resour Crop Evol 67, 1221–1243 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10722-020-00907-6

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