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The role of microbial partners in heavy metal metabolism in plants: a review

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Abstract

Heavy metal pollution threatens plant growth and development as well as ecological stability. Here, we synthesize current research on the interplay between plants and their microbial symbionts under heavy metal stress, highlighting the mechanisms employed by microbes to enhance plant tolerance and resilience. Several key strategies such as bioavailability alteration, chelation, detoxification, induced systemic tolerance, horizontal gene transfer, and methylation and demethylation, are examined, alongside the genetic and molecular basis governing these plant–microbe interactions. However, the complexity of plant–microbe interactions, coupled with our limited understanding of the associated mechanisms, presents challenges in their practical application. Thus, this review underscores the necessity of a more detailed understanding of how plants and microbes interact and the importance of using a combined approach from different scientific fields to maximize the benefits of these microbial processes. By advancing our knowledge of plant–microbe synergies in the metabolism of heavy metals, we can develop more effective bioremediation strategies to combat the contamination of soil by heavy metals.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the Open Project of the Carbon Peak and Carbon Neutrality Technology Innovation Foundation of Jiangsu Province (BK20220030), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (32271587; 3235041400), and the Senior Talent Foundation of Jiangsu University (18JDG039). The authors extend their appreciation to the Deanship of Scientific Research at King Khalid University Saudi Arabia for funding this work through Large Groups Project under grant number RGP2/360/44.

Funding

This work was financially supported by the Open Project of the Carbon Peak and Carbon Neutrality Technology Innovation Foundation of Jiangsu Province (BK20220030), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (32271587; 3235041400), and the Senior Talent Foundation of Jiangsu University (18JDG039). The authors extend their appreciation to the Deanship of Scientific Research at King Khalid University Saudi Arabia for funding this work through Large Groups Project under grant number RGP2/132/45.

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Author notes

  1. Shilin Fu and Babar Iqbal contributed equally to this work and shared first author.

  2. Guanlin Li, Abdulkareem Raheem, Daolin Du contributed equally to this work and share corresponding author.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Environment and Safety Engineering, School of Emergency Management, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Centre of Green Technology and Contingency Management for Emerging Pollutants, Jiangsu University, 212013, Zhenjiang, People’s Republic of China

    Shilin Fu, Babar Iqbal, Guanlin Li & Abdulkareem Raheem

  2. Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Centre of Technology and Material of Water Treatment, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, 215009, Suzhou, People’s Republic of China

    Guanlin Li

  3. Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Hail, 2440, Hail, Saudi Arabia

    Khulood Fahad Alabbosh

  4. Applied College, Center of Bee Research and its Products (CBRP), Unit of Bee Research and Honey Production, and Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, 61413, Abha, Saudi Arabia

    Khalid Ali Khan

  5. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, College of Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea

    Xin Zhao

  6. Jingjiang College, Institute of Environment and Ecology, School of Emergency Management, School of Environment and Safety Engineering, School of Agricultural Engineering, Jiangsu University, 212013, Zhenjiang, People’s Republic of China

    Daolin Du

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Contributions

Fu Shilin: Roles/writing—original draft, conceptualization, investigation; Babar Iqbal: Conceptualization, investigation, project administration, resources, writing—review & editing; Guanlin Li: Supervision, visualization, writing—review & editing; Khulood Fahad Alabbosh: Validation; Khalid Ali Khan: Writing—review & editing; Xin Zhao: Resources, investigation, writing—review & editing; Abdulkareem Raheem: Investigation, validation; Daolin Du: Supervision, visualization, writing—review & editing. All authors contributed to the article and approved the submitted version.

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Correspondence to Guanlin Li, Abdulkareem Raheem or Daolin Du.

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Fu, S., Iqbal, B., Li, G. et al. The role of microbial partners in heavy metal metabolism in plants: a review. Plant Cell Rep 43, 111 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00299-024-03194-y

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