Abstract
Key message
QHd.cau-7D.1 for heading date was delimited into the physical interval of approximately 17.38 Mb harboring three CONSTANS-like zinc finger genes.
Abstract
Spike morphological traits, plant height and heading date play important roles in yield improvement of wheat. To reveal the genetic factors that controlling spike morphological traits, plant height and heading date on the D genome, we conducted analysis of quantitative traits locus (QTL) using 198 F7:8 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) derived from a cross between the common wheat TAA10 and resynthesized allohexaploid wheat XX329 with similar AABB genomes. A total of 23 environmentally stable QTL on the D sub-genome for spike length (SL), fertile spikelet number per spike (FSN), sterile spikelet number per spike (SSN), total spikelet number per spike (TSN), spike compactness (SC), plant height (PHT) and heading date (HD) were detected, among which eight appeared to be novel QTL. Furthermore, QHd.cau-7D.1 and QPht.cau-7D.2 shared identical confidence interval and were delimited into the physical interval of approximately 17.38 Mb with 145 annotated genes, including three CONSTANS-like zinc finger genes (TraesCS7D02G209000, TraesCS7D02G213000 and TraesCS7D02G220300). This study will help elucidate the molecular mechanism of the seven traits (SL, FSN, SSN, TSN, SC, PHT and HD) and provide a potentially valuable resource for genetic improvement.
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Acknowledgements
This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (91935304 and 32172069).
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ZN conceived the project; HX and LY developed the RIL population and the near isogenic lines; HX, MW and ZW constructed the linkage map; HX, RZ, JZ and ZW collected data of RIL population under six environments; AZ and XC participated in field trials; LL, ZS, JX and QS assisted in revising the manuscript; HX and ZN analyzed the experimental results and wrote the manuscript.
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122_2021_3971_MOESM1_ESM.tif
Fig. S1. Difference in PHT and HD between two alleles within the genetic interval flanking by the molecular markers S252 and w-175 in the RIL population of different environments and combined analysis (BLUP). The values represent the means (± SD) of RILs with the same genotype. *, **, ***, **** indicate significant differences at the 0.05, 0.01, 0.001 and 0.0001 levels (Student’s t test), respectively. TAA10 allele represents lines with TAA10 genotype within the genetic interval flanking by the markers S252 and w-175. XX329 allele indicates lines with XX329 genotype within the genetic interval flanking by the markers S252 and w-175. The x-axis, four or five environments and one combined analysis (BLUP): E1, Beijing 2017–2018; E2, Hebei 2017–2018; E3, Beijing 2018–2019; E4, Hebei 2018–2019; E5, Beijing 2019–2020; E6, Hebei 2019–2020. BLUP indicates the combined QTL analysis based on BLUP value across four or five environments
Supplementary file1 (TIF 2016 kb)
Table S1. Information of evaluated environments
Table S2. Phenotypic data of the 198 RILs under the six individual environments and the BLUP value
Table S3. Primers used in this study
Table S4. Two parental and RIL population means, ranges and broad-sense heritability for spike length (SL), fertile spikelet number per spike (FSN), sterile spikelet number per spike (SSN), total spikelet number per spike (TSN), spike compactness (SC), plant height (PHT) and heading date (HD)
Table S5. Genotypic data of the TAA10/XX329 RIL population that used in QTL analysis
Table S6. A Genetic linkage map constructed with the TAA10/XX329 RIL population
Table S7. Stable QTL for spike length (SL), fertile spikelet number per spike (FSN), sterile spikelet number per spike (SSN), total spikelet number per spike (TSN), spike compactness (SC), plant height (PHT) and heading date (HD) identified in the TAA10/XX329 RIL population
Table S8. The QTL genomic regions harboring environmentally stable QTL for spike length (SL), fertile spikelet number per spike (FSN), sterile spikelet number per spike (SSN), total spikelet number per spike (TSN), spike compactness (SC), plant height (PHT) and heading date (HD) in the TAA10/XX329 RIL population
Table S9. Putative QTL for spike length (SL), fertile spikelet number per spike (FSN), sterile spikelet number per spike (SSN), total spikelet number per spike (TSN), spike compactness (SC), plant height (PHT) and heading date (HD) identified in the TAA10/XX329 RIL population
Table S10. Mean of spike length (SL), fertile spikelet number per spike (FSN), sterile spikelet number per spike (SSN) and plant height (PHT) between two alleles for seven segregating populations
Table S11. Annotated genes in the interval between the molecular markers S252 and w-175
Table S12. Expression profile of 18 high confidence genes based on the wheat expression atlas
Table S13. The orthologs of 18 genes in Arabidopsis and rice
Table S14. Sequence variation analysis of the candidate genes
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Xu, H., Zhang, R., Wang, M. et al. Identification and characterization of QTL for spike morphological traits, plant height and heading date derived from the D genome of natural and resynthetic allohexaploid wheat. Theor Appl Genet 135, 389–403 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00122-021-03971-3
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00122-021-03971-3