Abstract
The soil, composed of living and nonliving materials, forms the crust of the earth’s surface and is the base of all terrestrial ecosystems. The pH level of the soil determines the fate of several parameters including nutrient availability and the complex trophic interactions influencing microbial diversity, community structure including metabolic activity and functions. In this chapter we discuss the factors leading to the formation of acidic soils and its impact on the mineral availability, vegetation including crop growth and microbial ecology. The use of high-throughput technologies along with traditional methods to study the microbial diversity specifically bacteria along with their community composition and abundance is discussed. We consider experimental evidences to reveal narrow diversity of bacteria and predominant bacterial group in soils affected by low pH. Soil bacteria being drivers of several ecological events including the nutrient and carbon cycling, decomposition of organic matter, and overall soil health, we examine how these microbial functions particularly those related to agricultural aspects are influenced by acidic soil condition. In spite of the importance of soil acidity in regulating microbial community composition and function, our current knowledge needs further elucidations on the mechanisms underpinning several aspects pertaining to microbial ecology in acidic soils. We draw conclusion by discussing the recent advances and future prospects of increasing our understanding on ecosystem processes that may be possible through use of modern tools and development of experimental methods.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Adikesavan AK, Katsonis P, Marciano DC et al (2011) Separation of recombination and SOS response in Escherichia coli Rec A suggests Lex A interaction sites. PLoS Genet 7:e1002244. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1002244
Allison SM, Prosser JI (1991) Survival of ammonia oxidising bacteria in air-dried soil. FEMS Microbiol Lett 79:65–68
Amundsen SK, Fero J, Hansen LM et al (2008) Helicobacter pylori Add AB helicase-nuclease and Rec A promote recombination-related DNA repair and survival during stomach colonization. Mol Microbiol 69:994–1007. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2958.2008.06336.x
Arao T (1999) In situ detection of changes in soil bacterial and fungal activities by measuring 13C incorporation into soil phospholipid fatty acids from 13C acetate. Soil Biol Biochem 31:1015–1020. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0038-0717(99)00015-2
Arena ME, Saguir FM, De Nadra MM (1999) Arginine, citrulline and ornithine metabolism by lactic acid bacteria from wine. Int JFood Microbiol 52:155–161. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0168-1605(99)00133-6
Arumugam M, Raes J, Pelletier E et al (2011) Enterotypes of the human gut microbiome. Nature 473:174–180. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature09944
BĂ¥Ă¥th E, Anderson TH (2003) Comparison of soil fungal/bacterial ratios in a pH gradient using physiological and PLFA-based techniques. Soil Biol Biochem 35:955–963. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0038-0717(03)00154-8
Bardgett RD, Jones AC, Jones DL et al (2001) Soil microbial community patterns related to the history and intensity of grazing in sub-montane ecosystems. Soil Biol Biochem 33:1653–1664. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0038-0717(01)00086-4
Bhattacharyya PN, Tanti B, Barman P, Jha DK (2014) Culture-independent metagenomic approach to characterize the surface and subsurface soil bacterial community in the Brahmaputra valley, Assam, North-East India, an Indo-Burma mega-biodiversity hotspot. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 30:519–528. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11274-013-1467-1
Bing-Ru L, Guo-Mei J, Jian C, Gang W (2006) A review of methods for studying microbial diversity in soils. Pedosphere 16:18–24. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1002-0160(06)60021-0
Blagodatskaya EV, Anderson TH (1998) Interactive effects of pH and substrate quality on the fungal-to-bacterial ratio and qCO2 of microbial communities in forest soils. Soil Biol Biochem 30:1269–1274. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0038-0717(98)00050-9
Bordeleau LM, Prévost D (1994) Nodulation and nitrogen fixation in extreme environments. Plant Soil 161:115–125
Bosshard PP, Abels S, Altwegg M et al (2004) Comparison of conventional and molecular methods for identification of aerobic catalase-negative gram-positive cocci in the clinical laboratory. J Clinic Microbiol 42:2065–2073. https://doi.org/10.1128/JCM.42.5.2065-2073.2004
Bosshard PP, Abels S, Zbinden R et al (2003) Ribosomal DNA sequencing for identification of aerobic gram-positive rods in the clinical laboratory (an 18-month evaluation). J Clinic Microbiol 41:4134–4140. https://doi.org/10.1128/JCM.41.9.4134-4140.2003
Brady NC, Brady C, Weil RR, Well RR (2010) Elements of the nature and properties of soils. Pearson Educational International, Upper Saddle River, NJ
Burne RA, Marquis RE (2000) Alkali production by oral bacteria and protection against dental caries. FEMS Microbiol Lett 193:1–6
Burns RG, DeForest JL, Marxsen J et al (2013) Soil enzymes in a changing environment: current knowledge and future directions. Soil Biol Biochem 58:216–234. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2012.11.009
Campos M, Perruchon C, Vasilieiadis S et al (2015) Isolation and characterization of bacteria from acidic pristine soil environment able to transform iprodione and 3, 5-dichloraniline. Int Biodeterior Biodegradation 104:201–211. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ibiod.2015.06.009
Caporaso JG, Lauber CL, Walters WA et al (2011) Global patterns of 16S rRNA diversity at a depth of millions of sequences per sample. Proc Natl Acad Sci 108:4516–4522
Chai Y, Kolter R, Losick R (2009) A widely conserved gene cluster required for lactate utilization in Bacillus subtilis and its involvement in biofilm formation. J Bacteriol 191:2423–2430
Chen H, Richardson AE, Rolfe BG (1993) Studies of the physiological and genetic basis of acid tolerance in Rhizobium leguminosarumbiovartrifolii. Appl Environ Microbiol 59:1798–1804
Chen YC, Liu T, Yu CH et al (2013) Effects of GC bias in next-generation-sequencing data on de novo genome assembly. PloS One 8:e62856. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0062856
Cho SJ, Kim MH, Lee YO (2016) Effect of pH on soil bacterial diversity. J Ecol Environ 40:1–9. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41610-016-0004-1
Chu H, Fierer N, Lauber CL et al (2010) Soil bacterial diversity in the Arctic is not fundamentally different from that found in other biomes. Environ Microbiol 12:2998–3006. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1462-2920.2010.02277.x
Cotter PD, Ryan S, Gahan CG et al (2005) Presence of Gad D1 glutamate decarboxylase in selected Listeria monocytogenes strains is associated with an ability to grow at low pH. Appl Environ Microbiol 71:2832–2839. https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.71.6.2832-2839.2005
Deka P, Goswami G, Das P et al (2019) Bacterial exopolysaccharide promotes acid tolerance in Bacillus amyloliquefaciens and improves soil aggregation. Mol Biol Rep 46:1079–1091. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11033-018-4566-0
Drancourt M, Bollet C, Carlioz A et al (2000) 16S ribosomal DNA sequence analysis of a large collection of environmental and clinical unidentifiable bacterial isolates. J Clinic Microbiol 38:3623–3630. https://doi.org/10.1128/JCM.38.10.3623-3630.2000
Dunbar J, Barns SM, Ticknor LO, Kuske CR (2002) Empirical and theoretical bacterial diversity in four Arizona soils. Appl Environ Microbiol 68:3035–3045. https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.68.6.3035-3045.2002
Eswaran H, Almaraz R, van den Berg E, Reich P (1997) An assessment of the soil resources of Africa in relation to productivity. Geoderma 77:1–18
Feehily C, Karatzas KAG (2013) Role of glutamate metabolism in bacterial responses towards acid and other stresses. J Appl Microbiol 114:11–24. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2672.2012.05434.x
Ferguson B, Lin MH, Gresshoff PM (2013) Regulation of legume nodulation by acidic growth conditions. Plant Signal Behav 8(3):e23426. https://doi.org/10.4161/psb.23426
Fierer N, Jackson RB (2006) The diversity and biogeography of soil bacterial communities. Proc Natl Acad Sci 103:626–631
Fierer N, Ladau J, Clemente JC et al (2013) Reconstructing the microbial diversity and function of pre-agricultural tallgrass prairie soils in the United States. Science 342:621–624. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1243768
FrostegĂ¥rd Ă…, BĂ¥Ă¥th E, Tunlio A (1993) Shifts in the structure of soil microbial communities in limed forests as revealed by phospholipid fatty acid analysis. Soil Biol Biochem 25:723–730
Gans J, Wolinsky M, Dunbar J (2005) Computational improvements reveal great bacterial diversity and high metal toxicity in soil. Science 309:1387–1390. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1112665
Godard T, ZĂ¼hlke D, Richter G et al (2020) Metabolic rearrangements causing elevated Proline and Polyhydroxybutyrateaccumulation during the osmotic adaptation response of Bacillus megaterium. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 8:47. https://doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2020.00047
Goswami G, Deka P, Das P et al (2017) Diversity and functional properties of acid-tolerant bacteria isolated from tea plantation soil of Assam. 3 Biotech 7:1–16. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13205-017-0864-9
Goswami G, Panda D, Samanta R et al (2018) Bacillus megaterium adapts to acid stress condition through a network of genes: Insight from a genome-wide transcriptome analysis. Sci Rep 8:1–12. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-34221-0
Griswold AR, Chen YM, Burne RA (2004) Analysis of an agmatinedeiminase gene cluster in Streptococcus mutans UA159. J Bacteriol 186:1902–1904
Hall L, Doerr KA, Wohlfiel SL et al (2003) Evaluation of the Micro Seq system for identification of mycobacteria by 16S ribosomal DNA sequencing and its integration into a routine clinical mycobacteriology laboratory. J Clinic Microbiol 41:1447–1453. https://doi.org/10.1128/JCM.41.4.1447-1453.2003
Handelsman J, Rondon MR, Brady SF et al (1998) Molecular biological access to the chemistry of unknown soil microbes: a new frontier for natural products. Chem Biol 5:R245–R249. https://doi.org/10.1016/s1074-5521(98)90108-9
Haug A, Foy CE (1984) Molecular aspects of aluminum toxicity. Crit Rev Plant Sci 1:345–373
Hoffmann T, Von Blohn C, Stanek A et al (2012) Synthesis, release, and recapture of compatible solute proline by osmotically stressed Bacillus subtilis cells. Appl Environ Microbiol 78:5753–5762
Hoffmann T, Wensing A, Brosius M et al (2013) Osmotic control of opu A expression in Bacillus subtilis and its modulation in response to intracellular glycine betaine and proline pools. J Bacteriol 195:510–522. https://doi.org/10.1128/JB.01505-12
Hwang SM, Kim MS, Park KU, Song J, Kim EC (2011) Tuf gene sequence analysis has greater discriminatory power than 16S rRNA sequence analysis in identification of clinical isolates of coagulase-negative staphylococci. J Clinical Microbiol 49:4142–4149. https://doi.org/10.1128/JCM.05213-11
Jayasundara HPS, Thomson BD, Tang C (1997) Responses of cool season grain legumes to soil abiotic stresses. Adv Agron 63:77–151
Jia K, Wang G, Liang L et al (2017) Preliminary transcriptome analysis of mature biofilm and planktonic cells of Salmonella enteritidis exposure to acid stress. Front Microbiol 8:1861. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2017.01861
Kanjee U, Houry WA (2013) Mechanisms of acid resistance in Escherichia coli. Annu Rev Microbiol 67:65–81. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-micro-092412-155708
Karagöz K, AteÅŸ F, Karagöz H et al (2012) Characterization of plant growth-promoting traits of bacteria isolated from the rhizosphere of grapevine grown in alkaline and acidic soils. Eur J Soil Biol 50:144–150. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejsobi.2012.01.007
Kawanami T, Fukuda K, Yatera K et al (2011) A higher significance of anaerobes: the clone library analysis of bacterial pleurisy. Chest 139:600–608
Kennedy IR (1992) Acid soil and acid rain, 2nd edn. Research Studies Press Ltd., Taunton, UK
Kirk JL, Beaudette LA, Hart M et al (2004) Methods of studying soil microbial diversity. J Microbiol Method 58:169–188
Kubota H, Senda S, Nomura N et al (2008) Biofilm formation by lactic acid bacteria and resistance to environmental stress. J Biosci Bioeng 106:381–386. https://doi.org/10.1263/jbb.106.381
Lauber CL, Hamady M, Knight R et al (2009) Pyrosequencing-based assessment of soil pH as a predictor of soil bacterial community structure at the continental scale. Appl Environ Microbiol 75:5111–5120. https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.00335-09
Lin MH, Gresshoff PM, Ferguson BJ (2012) Systemic regulation of soybean nodulation by acidic growth conditions. Plant Physiol 160:2028–2039. https://doi.org/10.1104/pp.112.204149
Liu J, Sui Y, Yu Z et al (2014) High throughput sequencing analysis of biogeographical distribution of bacterial communities in the black soils of northeast China. Soil Biol Biochem 70:113–122. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2013.12.014
Liu J, Xu Y, Nie Y et al (2012) Optimization production of acid urease by Enterobacter sp. in an approach to reduce urea in Chinese rice wine. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 35:651–657. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00449-011-0643-7
Liu Y, Tang H, Lin Z, Xu P (2015) Mechanisms of acid tolerance in bacteria and prospects in biotechnology and bioremediation. Biotechnol Adv 33:1484–1492. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biotechadv.2015.06.001
Lloyd-Jones G, Hunter DWF (2001) Comparison of rapid DNA extraction methods applied to contrasting New Zealand soils. Soil Biol Biochem 33:2053–2059. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0038-0717(01)00133-X
Ma D, Lu P, Yan C et al (2012) Structure and mechanism of a glutamate–GABA antiporter. Nature 483:632–636
Mahdavi A, Sajedi RH, Rassa M (2017) Investigation of acid-neutralizing property of Bacillus cereus GUF8. Biom J 3:18–25
Marquis RE, Bender GR, Murray DR, Wong A (1987) Arginine deiminase system and bacterial adaptation to acid environments. Appl Environ Microbiol 53:198–200. https://doi.org/10.1128/aem.53.1.198-200.1987
McLean EO (1983) Soil pH and lime requirement. In: Methods of soil analysis: part 2 chemical and microbiological properties. American Society of Agronomy, Madison, pp 199–224
Mignard S, Flandrois JP (2006) 16S rRNA sequencing in routine bacterial identification: a 30-month experiment. J Microbiol Method 67:574–581
Moosazadeh R, Tabandeh F, Kalantary F et al (2019) Mitigation of the liquefaction potential of soil by Ca-carbonate precipitation induced by indigenous urease-producing Staphylococcus sp. IR-103. Int J Environ Sci Technol 16:3657–3666. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13762-018-1788-6
Nannipieri P, Ascher J, Ceccherini M et al (2003) Microbial diversity and soil functions. European J Soil Sci 54:655–670
Nayak SK, Santra GH, Mishra BB (2012) Antimycotic potential of bacterial ethanolic extract isolated from acid soil of Mahishapat. Odisha J Pure Appl Microbiol 6:1853–1858
Nicol GW, Leininger S, Schleper C et al (2008) The influence of soil pH on the diversity, abundance and transcriptional activity of ammonia oxidizing archaea and bacteria. Environ Microbiol 10:2966–2978. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1462-2920.2008.01701.x
Oberauner L, Zachow C, Lackner S et al (2013) The ignored diversity: Complex bacterial communities in intensive care units revealed by 16S pyrosequencing. Sci Rep 3:1–12. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep01413
Panhwar QA, Naher UA, Jusop S et al (2014) Biochemical and molecular characterization of potential phosphate-solubilizing bacteria in acid sulfate soils and their beneficial effects on rice growth. PloS One 9:e97241
Phang IRK, San Chan Y, Wong KS, Lau SY (2018) Isolation and characterization of urease-producing bacteria from tropical peat. Biocatal Agric Biotechnol 13:168–175. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bcab.2017.12.006
Polymenakou PN, Bertilsson S, Tselepides A, Stephanou EG (2005) Bacterial community composition in different sediments from the Eastern Mediterranean Sea: a comparison of four 16S ribosomal DNA clone libraries. Microbial Ecol 50:447–462. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00248-005-0005-6
Qurashi AW, Sabri AN (2012) Bacterial exopolysaccharide and biofilm formation stimulate chickpea growth and soil aggregation under salt stress. Braz J Microbiol 43:1183–1191. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1517-838220120003000046
Rawat N, Joshi GK (2019) Bacterial community structure analysis of a hot spring soil by next generation sequencing of ribosomal RNA. Genomics 111:1053–1058. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ygeno.2018.06.008
Robson AD, Abbott LK (1989) The effect of soil acidity on microbial activity in soils. In: Soil acidity and plant growth. Academic Press, Cambridge, MA, pp 139–165
Rollan G, Lorca GL, Valdez GF (2003) Arginine catabolism and acid tolerance response in Lactobacillus reuteri isolated from sourdough. Food Microbiol 20:313–319. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0740-0020(02)00139-9
Rondon MR, Goodman RM, Handelsman J (1999) The earth’s bounty: assessing and accessing soil microbial diversity. Tibtech 17:403–409
Sandhya V, SK Z, Grover M et al (2009) Alleviation of drought stress effects in sunflower seedlings by the exopolysaccharides producing Pseudomonas putida strain GAP-P 45. Biol Fertil Soils 46:17–26. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00374-009-0401-z
Saum SH, MĂ¼ller V (2007) Salinity-dependent switching of osmolyte strategies in a moderately halophilic bacterium: glutamate induces proline biosynthesis in Halobacillushalophilus. J Bacteriol 189:6968–6975
Shen C, Xiong J, Zhang H et al (2013) Soil pH drives the spatial distribution of bacterial communities along elevation on Changbai Mountain. Soil Biol Biochem 57:204–211. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2012.07.013
Shobharani P, Halami PM (2014) Cellular fatty acid profile and H+-ATPase activity to assess acid tolerance of Bacillus sp. for potential probiotic functional attributes. Appl Environ Microbiol 98:9045–9058. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-014-5981-3
Su MS, Schlicht S, Gänzle MG (2011) Contribution of glutamate decarboxylase in Lactobacillus reuteri to acid resistance and persistence in sourdough fermentation. Microb Cell Factories 10:1–12
Tabacchioni S, Chiarini L, Bevivino A et al (2000) Bias caused by using different isolation media for assessing the genetic diversity of a natural microbial population. Microb Ecol 40:169–176. https://doi.org/10.1007/s002480000015
Tang C, Thomson BD (1996) Effects of solution pH and bicarbonate on the growth and nodulation of a range of grain legume species. Plant Soil 186:321–330. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02415527
Taylor GJ (1988) Metal ions in biological systems, vol 24. Marcel Dekker Inc, New York, NY, pp 123–163
Teixeira JS, Seeras A, Sanchez-Maldonado AF et al (2014) Glutamine, glutamate, and arginine-based acid resistance in Lactobacillus reuteri. Food Microbiol 42:172–180. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fm.2014.03.015
Thakuria D, Talukdar NC, Goswami C et al (2004) Characterization and screening of bacteria from rhizosphere of rice grown in acidic soils of Assam. Curr Sci 86:978–985
Thomas GW, Hargrove WL (1984) The chemistry of soil acidity. In: Soil acidity and liming, vol 12, pp 3–56
Torsvik V, Daae FL, Sandaa RA, Ă˜vreĂ¥s L (1998) Novel techniques for analysing microbial diversity in natural and perturbed environments. J Biotechnol 64:53–62. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0168-1656(98)00103-5
Torsvik V, Salte K, Sørheim R, Goksøyr J (1990) Comparison of phenotypic diversity and DNA heterogeneity in a population of soil bacteria. Appl Environ Microbiol 56:776–781. https://doi.org/10.1128/aem.56.3.776-781.1990
Trcek J, Mira NP, Jarboe LR (2015) Adaptation and tolerance of bacteria against acetic acid. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 99:6215–6229. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-015-6762-3
Trcek J, Toyama H, Czuba J et al (2006) Correlation between acetic acid resistance and characteristics of PQQ-dependent ADH in acetic acid bacteria. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 70:366–373. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-005-0073-z
Trevors JT (1998) Bacterial biodiversity in soil with an emphasis on chemically-contaminated soils. Water Air Soil Pollut 101:45–67
Uyttebroek M, Vermeir S, Wattiau P et al (2007) Characterization of cultures enriched from acidic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon-contaminated soil for growth on pyrene at low pH. Appl Environ Microbiol 73:3159–3164. https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.02837-06
van der Meulen SB, de Jong A, Kok J (2017) Early transcriptome response of Lactococcuslactis to environmental stresses reveals differentially expressed small regulatory RNAs and tRNAs. Front Microbiol 8:1704. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2017.01704
Vandamme P, Pot B, Gillis M et al (1996) Polyphasic taxonomy, a consensus approach to bacterial systematics. Microbiol Rev 60:407–438. https://doi.org/10.1128/mr.60.2.407-438.1996
van Vliet AHM (2010) Next generation sequencing of microbial transcriptomes: challenges and opportunities. FEMS Microbiol Lett 302:1–7. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.2009.01767.x
vonUexkĂ¼ll HR, Mutert E (1995) Global extent, development and economic impact of acid soils. Plant Soil 171:1–15
Wakelin SA, Macdonald LM, Rogers SL et al (2008) Habitat selective factors influencing the structural composition and functional capacity of microbial communities in agricultural soils. Soil Biol Biochem 40:803–813. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2007.10.015
Wambeke AV (1976) Formation, distribution and consequences of acid soils in agricultural development. In: Plant adaptation to mineral stress in problem soils, Proceedings of a workshop held at the National Agricultural Library, Beltsville, MD, November 22–23, 1976. Cornell Univ, Agricultural Experiment Station, pp 15–24
Wang CY, Zhou X, Guo D et al (2019) Soil pH is the primary factor driving the distribution and function of microorganisms in farmland soils in northeastern China. Ann Microbiol 69:1461–1473. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13213-019-01529-9
Waterman SR, Small PLC (2003) The glutamate-dependent acid resistance system of Escherichia coli and Shigellaflexneri is inhibited in vitro by L-trans-pyrrolidine-2, 4-dicarboxylic acid. FEMS Microbiol Lett 224:119–125. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-1097(03)00427-0
Webster G, Embley TM, Posser JL (2002) Grassland management regimens reduce small-scale heterogeneity and species diversity of β-proteobacterial ammonia oxidisers. Appl Environ Microbiol 68:20–30. https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.68.1.20-30.2002
Welin-Neilands J, Svensater G (2007) Acid tolerance of biofilm cells of Streptococcus mutans. Appl Environ Microbiol 73:5633–5638. https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.01049-07
Whitman WB, Coleman DC, Wiebe WJ (1998) Prokaryotes: the unseen majority. Proc Natl Acad Sci 95:6578–6583
Wilhelm RC, Niederberger TD, Greer C et al (2011) Microbial diversity of active layer and permafrost in an acidic wetland from the Canadian High Arctic. Can J Microbiol 57:303–315. https://doi.org/10.1139/w11-004
Wu D, Wang S, Shang K (2006) Progress in research of acid rain in China. Arid Meteorol 24:70–77
Xu XH, Gao HW (2011) Analysis of the distribution and causes of acid rain in southern China. Sichuan Environ 30:135–139
Xu HQ, Zhang JE, Ouyang Y et al (2015) Effects of simulated acid rain on microbial characteristics in a lateritic red soil. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 22:18260–18266. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-015-5066-6
Yadav S, Kaushik R, Saxena AK et al (2011) Diversity and phylogeny of plant growth-promoting bacilli from moderately acidic soil. J Basic Microbiol 51:98–106. https://doi.org/10.1002/jobm.201000098
Yap WH, Li X, Soong TW, Davies JE (1996) Genetic diversity of soil microorganisms assessed by analysis of hsp70 (dnaK) sequences. J Industr Microbiol 17:179–184. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01574691
Yun Y, Xiang X, Wang H et al (2016) Five-year monitoring of bacterial communities in dripping water From the Heshang Cave in Central China: implication for paleoclimate reconstruction and ecological functions. Geomicrobiol J 33:1–11. https://doi.org/10.1080/01490451.2015.1062062
Zhalnina K, Dias R, de Quadros PD et al (2015) Soil pH determines microbial diversity and composition in the park grass experiment. Microb Ecol 69:395–406. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00248-014-0530-2
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2022 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Barooah, M., Hazarika, D.J., Deka, A. (2022). Bacterial Community Structure and Function in Acid Soil Ecosystem. In: Nayak, S.K., Baliyarsingh, B., Mannazzu, I., Singh, A., Mishra, B.B. (eds) Advances in Agricultural and Industrial Microbiology. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-8918-5_2
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-8918-5_2
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Singapore
Print ISBN: 978-981-16-8917-8
Online ISBN: 978-981-16-8918-5
eBook Packages: Biomedical and Life SciencesBiomedical and Life Sciences (R0)