Skip to main content

Molecular Markers and Their Application in Plant Biotechnology

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Biotechnological strategies for the conservation of medicinal and ornamental climbers

Abstract

During the past few decades, the significant progresses have been made with the development of molecular marker for the detection and exploitation of DNA polymorphism in the field of plant biotechnology and their genetic studies. According to the type of study to be conducted, one can choose a specific marker from a variety of different markers, viz. morphological, biochemical and DNA-based molecular markers. The molecular markers are of two types as hybridisation-based or non-PCR-based markers. These DNA markers offer several advantages over traditional phenotypic markers, as they provide data that can be analysed accurately. This chapter provides a detailed account of utilisation of different molecular markers to study the polymorphism if any among the natural populations as well as in regenerants obtained through clonal propagation.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 129.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Alonso-Blanco C, Peeters AJ, Koornneef M, Lister C, Dean C, van den Bosch N, Pot J, Kuiper MT (1998) Development of an AFLP based linkage map of Ler, Col and Cvi Arabidopsis thaliana ecotypes and construction of a Ler/Cvi recombinant inbred line population. Plant J 14:259–271

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Avise JC (ed) (1994) Molecular markers, natural history and evolution. Chapman and Hall, New York, pp 1–5

    Google Scholar 

  • Beckmann JS, Soller M (1990) Toward a unified approach to genetic mapping of eukaryotes based on sequence tagged microsatellite sites. Biotechnology 8:930–932

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Blair MW, Panaud O, McCouch SR (1999) Inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) amplification for analysis of microsatellite motif frequency and fingerprinting in rice (Oryza sativa L.). Theor Appl Genet 98:780–792

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bohra A, Saxena RK, Gnanesh BN, Saxena K, Byregowda M, Rathore A, KaviKishor PB, Cook DR, Varshney RK (2012) An intra-specific consensus genetic map of pigeonpea [Cajanus cajan (L.) Millspaugh] derived from six mapping populations. Theor Appl Genet 125:1325–1338

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Botstein D, White RL, Skolnick M, Davis RW (1980) Construction of a genetic map in man using restriction fragment length polymorphism. Am J Hum Genet 32:314–331

    CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Broun P, Tanksley SD (1993) Characterization of tomato DNA clones with sequence similarity to human minisatellites 33.6 and 33.15. Plant Mol Biol 23:231–242

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Brown SM, Kresovich S (1996) The use of molecular markers in plant germplasm conservation. In: Paterson AH (ed) Genome mapping in plants. Clandes, New York, pp 85–93

    Google Scholar 

  • Caetano-Anolles G, Gresshoff PM (1994) DNA amplification fingerprinting using arbitrary mini-hairpin oligonucleotide primers. Biotechnology 12:619–623

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Caetano-Anolles G, Bassam BJ, Gresshoff PM (1991) DNA amplification fingerprinting using very short arbitrary oligonucleotide primers. Bio/Technology 9:553–557

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Chang C, Bowman AW, Lander ES, Meyerowitz EW (1988) Restriction fragment length polymorphism linkage map for Arabidopsis thaliana. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 85:6856–6860

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Cho RJ, Mindrinos M, Richards DR, Sapolsky RJ, Anderson M, Drenkard E, Dewdney J, Reuber TL, Stammers M, Federspiel N, Theologis A, Yang WH, Hubbell E, Au M, Chung EY, Lashkari D, Lemieux B, Dean C, Lipshutz RJ, Ausubel FM, Davis RW, Oefner PJ (1999) Genome-wide mapping with biallelic markers in Arabidopsis thaliana. Nat Genet 23:203–207

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Chowdari KV, Davierwala AP, Gupta VS, Govila OP, Ranjekar PK (1998) Genotype identification and assessment of genetic relationships in pearl millet [Pennisetum glaucum (L.) RBr] using microsatellites and RAPDs. Theor Appl Genet 97:154–162

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ciffarelli RA, Gallitelli M, Cellini F (1995) Random amplified hybridization microsatellites (RAHM): isolation of a new class of microsatellite-containing DNA clones. Nucleic Acids Res 23:3802–3803

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • D’Ovidio R, Anderson OD (1994) PCR analysis to distinguish between alleles of a member of a multigene family correlated with wheat bread-making quality. Theor Appl Genet 88:759–763

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Dallas JF, McIntyre CL, Gustafson JP (1993) An RFLP species-specific DNA sequence for the A genome of rice. Genome 36:445–448

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Desmarais D, Zhong Y, Chakraborty R et al (1998) Development of a highly polymorphic STR marker for identity testing purposes at the human androgen receptor gene (HUMARA). J Forensic Sci 43:1046–1049

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Edwards K, Johnstone C, Thompson C (1991) A simple and rapid method for the preparation of genomic plant DNA for PCR analysis. Nucleic Acids Res 19:1349

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Ender A, Schwenk K, Stadler T, Streit B, Schierwater B (1996) RAPD identification of microsatellites in Daphnia. Mol Ecol 5:437–441

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Feuillet C, Messmer M, Schahermayr G, Keller B (1995) Genetic and physical characterization of the LRI leaf rust resistance locus in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Mol Gen Genet 248:553–562

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Flavell RB (1995) Plant biotechnology R & D – the next ten years. Trends Biotechnol 13:313–319

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Flavell AJ, Knox MR, Pearce SR, Ellis TH (1998) Retrotransposon-based insertion polymorphisms (RBIP) for high throughput marker analysis. Plant J 16(5):643–650

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Gao LF, Jing RL, Huo NX, Li Y, Li XP, Zhou RH, Chang XP, Tang JF, Ma ZY, Jia JZ (2004) One hundred and one new microsatellite loci derived from ESTs (EST-SSRs) in bred wheat. Theor Appl Genet 108:1392–1400

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Gardiner JM, Coe EH, Melia-Hancock S, Hoisington DA, Chao S (1993) Development of a core RFLP Map in maize using an immortalized F(2) population. Genetics 134:917–930

    CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Ghislain M, Spooner DM, Rodríguez F, Villamon F, Núñez C, Vásquez C, Bonierbale M (2004) Selection of highly informative and user-friendly microsatellites (SSRs) for genotyping of cultivated potato. Theor Appl Genet 108:881–890

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Grodzicker T, Williams J, Sharp P, Sambrook J (1975) Physical mapping of temperature sensitive mutants of adenovirus. Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol 39:439–446

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Gujaria N et al (2011) Development and use of genic molecular markers (GMMs) for construction of a transcript map of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.). Theor Appl Genet 122:1577–1589

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Gupta M, Chyi YS, Romero-Severson J, Owen JL (1994a) Amplification of DNA marker from evolutionarily diverse genome using single primers of simple-sequence repeat. Theor Appl Genet 89:998–1006

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Gupta VS, Ramakrishna W, Rawat SR, Ranjekar PK (1994b) (CAC)5 detects DNA fingerprints and sequences homologous to gene transcripts in rice. Biochem Genet 32:1–8

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Harlan JR (1987) Gene centres and gene utilization in American agriculture. In: Yeatman CW, Kafton D, Wilkes G (eds) Plant genetic resources: a conservation imperative. West View, Boulder, pp 111–129

    Google Scholar 

  • Hayashi K (1992) PCR-SSCP: a method for detection of mutation. Genet Anal Tech Appl 9:73–79

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hayes PM, Liu BH, Knapp SJ, Chen F, Jones B, Blake T, Franckowiak J, Rasmusson D, Sorrels M, Ullrich SE, Wesenberg D, Kleinhofs A (1993) Quantitative trait locus effects and environmental interaction in a sample of North American barley germplasm. Theor Appl Genet 87:392–401

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Heath DD, Iwama GK, Devlin RH (1993) PCR primed with VNTR core sequence yields species specific patterns and hypervariable probes. Nucleic Acids Res 21:5782–5785

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Helentjaris T, Slocum M, Wright S, Schaefer A, Nienhuis J (1986) Construction of genetic linkage maps in maize and tomato using restriction fragment length polymorphism. Theor Appl Genet 72:761–769

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Holton TA et al (2002) Identification and mapping of polymorphic SSR markers from expressed gene sequences of barley and wheat. Mol Breed 9:63–71

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hongtrakul K, Goodband RD, Behnke KC, Nelssen JL, Tokach MD, Bergström JR, Nessmith WB Jr, Kim IH (1998) The effects of extrusion processing of carbohydrate sources on weanling pig performances. J Anim Sci 76:3034–3042

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Jaccoud D, Peng K, Feinstein D, Kilian A (2001) Diversity arrays: a solid state technology for sequence information independent genotyping. Nucleic Acids Res 29, e25

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Jeffreys AJ, Wilson V, Thein SL (1985) Hypervariable ‘minisatellite’ regions in human DNA. Nature 314:67–73

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Jones CJ, Edwards KJ, Castaglione S, Winfield MO, Sala F, van de Wiel C, Bredemeijer G, Vosman B, Matthes M, Daly A, Brettschneider R, Bettini P, Buiatti M, Maestri E, Malcevschi A, Marmiroli N, Aert R, Volckaert G, Rudea J, Linacero R, Vazquez A, Karp A (1997) Reproducibility testing of RAPD, AFLP and SSR markers in plants by a network of European laboratories. Mol Breed 3:381–390

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Joshi SP, Ranjanekar PK, Gupta VS (1999) Molecular markers in plant genome analysis. Curr Sci 77:230–240

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kalendar R, Grob T, Regina M, Suoniemi A, Schulman A (1999) IRAP and REMAP: two new retrotransposon-based fingerprinting techniques. Theor Appl Genet 98:704–711

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Klein-Lankhorst R, Rietveld P, Machiels B, Verkerk R, Weide R, Gebhardt C, Kornneef M, Zabel P (1991a) RFLP markers linked to the root knot nematode resistance gene Mi in tomato. Theor Appl Genet 81:661–667

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Klein-Lankhorst R, Vermunt A, Weide R, Liharska T, Zabel P (1991b) Isolation of molecular markers for tomato (L. esculentum) using random amplified polymorphic DNA(RAPD). Theor Appl Genet 83:108–114

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Landegren U, Kaiser R, Sanders J, Hood L (1988) A ligase-mediated gene detection technique. Science 241:1077–1080

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Landry BS, Kesseli RV, Farrara B, Michelmore RW (1987) A genetic map of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) with restriction fragment length polymorphism, isozyme, disease resistance and morphological markers. Genetics 116:331–337

    CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Litt M, Luty JA (1989) A hypervariable microsatellite revealed by in vitro amplification of a dinucleotide repeat within the cardiac muscle actin gene. Am J Hum Genet 44:397–401

    CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Martin B, Nienhuis J, King G, Schaefer A (1989) Restriction fragment length polymorphisms associated with water use efficiency in tomato. Science 243:1725–1728

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Martin GB, Williams JGK, Tanksley SD (1991) Rapid identification of markers linked to a Pseudomonas resistance gene in tomato by using random primers and near-isogenic lines. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 88:2336–2340

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Matsuoka Y, Mitchell SE, Kresovich S, Goodman M, Doebley J (2002) Microsatellites in Zea-variability, patterns of mutations, and use for evolutionary studies. Theor Appl Genet 104:436–450

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • McCouch SR, Kochert G, Yu ZH, Wang ZY, Khush GS, Coffman WR, Tanksley SD (1988) Molecular mapping of rice chromosomes. Theor Appl Genet 76:815–829

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Messeguer R, Ganal M, DeVincente MC, Young ND, Bolkan H, Tanksley SD (1991) High resolution RFLP map around the root knot nematode gene (Mi) in tomato. Theor Appl Genet 82:529–536

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Meyer JP, Allen NJ, Smith C (1993) Commitment to organizations and occupations: extension and test of a three-component conceptualization. J App Psychol 78:538–551

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Michaels SD, Amasino RM (1998) A robust method for detecting single-nucleotide changes as polymorphic markers by PCR. Plant J 14:381–385

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Michelmore RW, Paran I, Kesseli RV (1991) Identification of markers linked to disease resistance genes by bulked segregant analysis: a rapid method to detect markers in specific genomic regions using segregating populations. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 88:9828–9832

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Milbourne D, Meyer RC, Collins AJ, Ramsay LD, Gebhardt C, Waugh R (1998) Isolation, characterization and mapping of simple sequence repeat loci in potato. Mol Gen Genet 259:233–245

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Miller JC, Tanksley SD (1990) RFLP analysis of phylogenetic relationships and genetic variation in the genus Lycopersicon. Theor Appl Genet 80:437–448

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Mohler V, Jahoor A (1996) Allele specific amplification of polymorphic sites for the detection of powdery mildew resistance loci in cereals. Theor Appl Genet 93:1078–1082

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Morgante M, Vogel J (1994) Compound microsatellite primer for the detection of genetic polymorphism. US Patent APP No 08/326456

    Google Scholar 

  • Morgante M, Hanafey H, Powell W (2002) Microsatellites are preferentially associated with different RAPD products. Nucleic Acids Res 21:4647–4648

    Google Scholar 

  • Morjane H, Geistlinger J, Harrabi M, Weising K, Kahl G (1994) Oligonucleotide fingerprinting detects genetic diversity among Ascochyta rabiei isolates from a single chickpea field in Tunisia. Curr Genet 26:191–197

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Nagaoka T, Ogihara Y (1997) Applicability of inter-simple sequence repeat polymorphisms in wheat for use as DNA markers in comparison to RFLP and RAPD markers. Theor Appl Genet 94:597–602

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Naik S, Gill KS, Prakash Rao VS, Gupta VS, Tamhankar SA, Pujar S, Gill BS, Ranjekar PK (1998) Identification of an STS marker linked to the Aegilops speltoides-derived leaf rust resistance gene Lr28 in wheat. Theor Appl Genet 97:535–540

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Nair S, Bentur JS, Prasad Rao U, Mohan M (1995a) DNA markers tightly linked to gall midge resistance gene (Gm2) are potentially useful for marker-aided selection in rice breeding. Theor Appl Genet 91:68–73

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Nair S, Prasad Rao U, Bennett J, Mohan M (1995b) Detection of a highly heterozygous locus in recombinant inbred lines of rice and its possible involvement in heterosis. Theor Appl Genet 91:978–986

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Nair S, Kumar A, Srivastava MN, Mohan M (1996) PCR based DNA markers linked to a gall midge resistance gene, Gm4(t), has potential for marker aided selection in rice. Theor Appl Genet 92:660–665

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Nam HG, Giraudat J, Den Boer B, Moonan F, Loos WDB, Hauge BM, Goodman HM (1989) Restriction fragment length polymorphism linkage map of Arabidopsis thaliana. Plant Cell 1:699–705

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Naqvi NI, Bonman JM, Mackill DJ, Nelson RJ, Chattoo BB (1995) Identification of RAPD markers linked to a major blast resistance gene in rice. Mol Breed 1:341–348

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Nicot N et al (2004) Study of simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers from wheat expressed sequence tags (ESTs). Theor Appl Genet 109:800–805

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Niewohner J, Salamini F, Gebhardt C (1995) Development of PCR assays diagnostic for RFLP markers closely linked to alleles Gro 1 and H1, conferring resistance to the root cyst nematode Globodera rostochiensis in potato. Mol Breed 1:65–78

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Olsen M, Hood L, Cantor C, Botstein D (1989) A common language for physical mapping of the human genome. Science 245:1434–1435

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pakniyat H, Powell W, Baird E, Handley LL, Robinson D, Scrimgeour EM, Nevo E, Hackett CA, Caligari PDS, Forster BP (1997) AFLP variation in wild barley (Hordeum spontaneum C. Koch) with reference to salt tolerance and associated ecogeography. Genome 40:332–341

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Panaud O, Chen X, McCouch SR (1995) Frequency of microsatellite sequences in rice (Oryza sativa L.). Genome 38:1170–1176

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Paran I, Kesseli R, Michelmore R (1991) Identification of restriction fragment length polymorphism and random amplified polymorphic DNA markers linked to downy mildew resistance genes in lettuce, using near-isogenic lines. Genome 34:1021–1027

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Parasnis AS, Ramakrishna W, Chowdari KV, Gupta VS, Ranjekar PK (1999) Microsatellite (GATA) n reveals sex-specific differences in papaya. Theor Appl Genet 99:1047–1052

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Paterson AH, Lander ES, Hewitt JD, Peterson SE, Lincoln SE, Tanskley SD (1988) Resolution of quantitative traits into Mendelian factors by using a complete linkage map of restriction fragment length polymorphisms. Nature 335:721–726

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Powell W, Machray GC, Provan J (1996) Polymorphism revealed by simple sequence repeats. Trends Plant Sci 1:215–222

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Prasad M, Varshney RK, Kumar A, Balyan HS, Sharma PC, Roy JK, Gupta PK (1999) A microsatellite marker associated with a QTL for grain protein content on chromosome arm 2DL of bread wheat. Theor Appl Genet 99:341–345

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pujar S, Tamhankar SA, Rao VS, Gupta VS, Naik S, Ranjekar PK (1999) Arbitrarily primed – PCR based diversity assessment reflects hierarchical groupings of Indian tetraploid wheat genotypes. Theor Appl Genet 99:868–876

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rafalski JA, Tingey SV (1993) Genetic diagnostics in plant breeding: RAPDs, microsatellites and machines. Trends Genet 9:275–280

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ramakrishna W, Lagu MD, Gupta VS, Ranjekar PK (1994) DNA fingerprinting in rice using oligonucleotide probes specific for simple repetitive DNA sequences. Theor Appl Genet 88:402–406

    Google Scholar 

  • Ramakrishna W, Chowdari KV, Lagu MD, Gupta VS, Ranjekar PK (1995) DNA fingerprinting to detect genetic variation in rice using hypervariable DNA sequences. Theor Appl Genet 90:1000–1006

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ratnaparkhe MB, Gupta VS, Ven Murthy MR, Ranjekar PK (1995) Genetic fingerprinting of Pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp) and its wild relatives using RAPD markers. Theor Appl Genet 91:893–898

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Rongwen J, Akkaya MS, Bhagwat AA, Lavi U, Cregan PB (1995) The use of microsatellite DNA markers for soybean genotype identification. Theor Appl Genet 90:43–48

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Roy JK, Prasad M, Varshney RK, Balyan HS, Blake TK, Dhaliwal HS, Singh H, Edwards KJ, Gupta PK (1999) Identification of a microsatellite on chromosome 6B and a STS on 7D of bread wheat showing association with pre harvest sprouting tolerance. Theor Appl Genet 99:336–340

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Saal B, Wricke G (2002) Clustering of amplified fragment length polymorphism markers in a linkage map of rye. Plant Breed 121:117–123

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sant VJ, Patankar AG, Gupta VS, Sarode ND, Mhase LB, Sainani MN, Deshmukh RB, Ranjekar PK (1999) Potential of DNA markers in detecting divergence and in analysing heterosis in Indian elite chickpea cultivars. Theor Appl Genet 98:1217–1225

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sarfatti M, Katan J, Fluhr R, Zamir D (1989) An RFLP marker in tomato linked to the Fusarium oxysporum resistance gene I 2 . Theor Appl Genet 78:755–759

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Schachermayr G, Siedler H, Winzeler H, Keller B (1994) Identification and localization of molecular markers linked to the Lr9 leaf rust resistance gene of wheat. Theor Appl Genet 88:110–115

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Schachermayr G, Messmer MM, Feuillet C, Winzeler H, Keller B (1995) Identification of molecular markers linked to the Agropyron elongatum derived leaf rust resistance gene Lr24 in wheat. Theor Appl Genet 90:982–990

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Schierwater B, Ender A (1993) Different thermostable DNA polymerases may apply to sequence tags (ESTs). Theor Appl Genet 109:800–805

    Google Scholar 

  • Schlötterer C (2004) The evolution of molecular markers – just a matter of fashion. Nat Rev Genet 5:63–69

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sen A, Balyan HS, Sharma PC, Ramesh B, Kumar A, Roy JK, Varshney RK, Gupta PK (1997) DNA amplification fingerprinting (DAF) as a new source of molecular markers in bread wheat. Wheat Inform Serv 85:35–42

    Google Scholar 

  • Slatkin M (1987) Gene flow and the geographic structure of natural populations. Science 263:787–792

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Smith DN, Devey ME (1994) Occurrence and inheritance of microsatellites in Pinus radia. Genome 37:977–983

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Southern EM (1975) Detection of specific sequences among DNA fragments separated by gel electrophoresis. J Mol Biol 98:503

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Tanksley SD, Ganal M, Martin GB (1995) Chromosomal landing, a paradigm for map-based gene cloning in plants with large genomes. Trends Genet 11:63–68

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Tautz D (1989) Hypervariability of simple sequences as a general source for polymorphic DNA markers. Nucleic Acids Res 17:6463–6471

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Thomas MR, Scott NS (1993) Microsatellite repeats in grapewine reveal DNA polymorphisms when analysed as sequence tagged sites (STSs). Theor Appl Genet 86:985–990

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Thomas MR, Matsumoto S, Cain P, Scott NS (1993) Repetitive DNA of grapevine: classes present and sequences suitable for cultivar identification. Theor Appl Genet 86:173–180

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Tsumura Y, Ohba K, Strauss SH (1996) Diversity and inheritance of inter simple sequence repeat polymorphisms in Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) and sugi (Cryptomeria japonica). Theor Appl Genet 92:40–45

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Udupa SM, Robertson LD, Weigand F, Baum M, Kahl G (1999) Allelic variation at (TAA)n microsatellite loci in a world collection of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) germplasm. Mol Gen Genet 261:354–363

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Varshney RK et al (2012) Draft genome sequence of pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan), an orphan legume crop of resource-poor farmers. Nat Biotechnol 30:84–89

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Varshney RK et al (2013) Draft genome sequence of chickpea (Cicer arietinum) provides a resource for trait improvement. Nat Biotechnol 31:240–246

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Vos P, Hogers R, Bleeker M, Reijans M, van de Lee T, Hornes M, Frijters A, Pot J, Peleman J, Kuiper M, Zabeau M (1995) AFLP: a new technique for DNA fingerprinting. Nucleic Acids Res 23:4407–4414

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Waugh R, Bonar N, Baird E, Thomas B, Graner A, Hayes P, Powell W (1997) Homology of AFLP products in three mapping populations of barley. Mol Gen Genet 255:311–321

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Weising K, Nybom H, Wolff K, Meyer W (1995) In: Arbor A (ed) DNA fingerprinting in plants and fungi. CRC Press, Boca Raton, pp 1–3

    Google Scholar 

  • Weller JI, Soller M, Brody T (1988) Linkage analysis of quantitative traits in an interspecific cross of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum x Lycopersicon pimpinellifolium) by means of genetic markers. Genetics 118:329–339

    CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Welsh J, McClelland M (1991) Genomic fingerprints produced by PCR with consensus tRNA gene primers. Nucleic Acids Res 19:861–866

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Williams JGK, Hanafey MK, Rafalski JA, Tingey SV (1993) Genetic analysis using random amplified polymorphic DNA markers. Methods Enzymol 218:705–740

    Google Scholar 

  • Williamson VM, Ho JY, Wu FF, Miller N, Kaloshian I (1994) A PCR – based marker tightly linked to the nematode resistance gene Mi in tomato. Theor Appl Genet 87:757–763

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Winter P, Kahl G (1995) Molecular marker technologies for plant improvement. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 11:438–448

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Witsenboer H, Vogel J, Michelmore RW (1997) Identification, genetic localization, and allelic diversity of selectively amplified microsatellite polymorphic loci in lettuce and wild relatives (Lactuca spp.). Genome 40:923–936

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Wolf ME, Dahlin SL, Hu XT, Xue CJ, White K (1995) Effects of lesions of prefrontal cortex, amygdala, or fornix on behavioral sensitization to amphetamine: comparison with N-methyl-D-aspartate antagonists. Neuroscience 69:417–439

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Wu MM, Kuo TL, Hwang YH, Chen CJ (1989) Dose–response relation between arsenic concentration in well water and mortality from cancers and vascular diseases. Am J Epidemiol 130:1123–1132

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Wu D, Meydani SN, Sastre J, Hayek M, Meydani M (1994) In vitro glutathione supplementation enhances interleukin-2 production and mitogenic response of peripheral blood mononuclear cells from young and old subjects. J Nutr 124:655–663

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Yanagisawa T, Hayashi M, Hirai A, Harada K (1994) DNA fingerprinting in soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) with oligonucleotide probes for simple repetitive sequences. Euphytica 80:129–136

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Yang GP, Saghai Maroof MA, Xu CG, Zhang Q, Biyashev RM (1994) Comparative analysis of microsatellite DNA polymorphism in landraces and cultivars of rice. Mol Gen Genet 245:187–194

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Yu JK, La Rota M, Kantety RV, Sorrells ME (2004) EST. derived SSR markers for comparative mapping in wheat rice. Mol Genet Genomics 271:742–775

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Zhao X, Kochert G (1992) Characterization and genetic mapping of a short, highly repeated, interspersed DNA sequence from rice (Oryza sativa L.). Mol Gen Genet 2311:353–359

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zhou Z, Gustafson JP (1995) Genetic variation detected by DNA fingerprinting with a rice minisatellite probe in Oryza sativa L. Theor Appl Genet 91:481–488

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Zietkiewicz E, Rafalski A, Labuda D (1994) Genome fingerprinting by simple sequence repeat (SSR)- anchored polymerase chain reaction amplification. Genomics 20:176–183

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

Dr. Shahina Parveen greatly acknowledges the financial assistance provided by the Department of Science and Technology (DST) and Science and Engineering Research Board (SERB), Government of India, New Delhi, for the award of Young Scientist Project (Vide NO. SB/YS/LS-156/2013).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Shahina Parveen or Anwar Shahzad .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2016 Springer International Publishing Switzerland

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Parveen, S., Shahzad, A., Yadav, V. (2016). Molecular Markers and Their Application in Plant Biotechnology. In: Shahzad, A., Sharma, S., Siddiqui, S. (eds) Biotechnological strategies for the conservation of medicinal and ornamental climbers. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-19288-8_16

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics