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Identification and characterization of a novel marine Bacillus cereus for mosquito control

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Abstract

Entomopathogenic bacteria to control mosquitoes are a promising environmentally friendly alternative to synthetic pesticides. In the present study, a novel mosquitocidal bacterium was isolated from marine soil collected from east coastal areas at Pondicherry (India). 16S rRNA gene sequence alignment depicted that this isolate belonged to Bacillus cereus VCRC-B520 (NCBI: KC-119192). Biochemical studies on bacterial growth, biomass, and toxin production have revealed that this strain could possibly be helpful in the production of a biopesticide in mosquito control. Toxicity assay with B. cereus against mosquito larvae has shown that the filariasis vector, Culex quinquefasciatus, is more susceptible than the other two species (Anopheles stephensi and Aedes aegypti). The LC50 and LC90 values for C. quinquefasciatus were 0.30 and 2.21 mg/L, respectively. No effect of B. cereus was found on nontargeted organisms. SDS-PAGE analysis and protein purification result from the cell mass of B. cereus have shown that a well-perceptible polypeptide was the dependable factor (85 kDa) for mosquitocidal action. Protein characterization (M/S MALDI-TOF) has shown that it is an endotoxin-specific insecticidal protein, namely “Cry4Aa”. Phylogenetic analyses of 16S rDNA gene sequence from this marine isolate have revealed the presence of homology among closely related Bacillus strains. Therefore, considerable interest has been shown on the identification of a potential mosquitocidal bacterium from marine environment (B. cereus), which was not reported earlier in view of the current scenario of the rapid development of resistance to Bacillus sphaericus in mosquito vector control program.

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Acknowledgments

The authors thank Dr. P. Jambulingam, the Director, VCRC, Pondicherry 605006, India, for the permission; the Department of Biotechnology (DBT), New Delhi, (project ID: BT/PR13776/PID/06/527/2010) for the funding, and to Smt. R. Sundarammal, Sr. Library Information Officer, VCRC, Pondicherry, for updating the scientific information.

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  1. Unit of Microbiology and Immunology, Vector Control Research Centre (Indian Council of Medical Research), Indira Nagar, Puducherry, 605 006, India

    Subbiah Poopathi, C. Mani, K. Thirugnanasambantham, V. Lakshmi Praba, Niyaz Ahmad Ahangar & K. Balagangadharan

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  1. Subbiah Poopathi
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  2. C. Mani
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Correspondence to Subbiah Poopathi.

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Subbiah Poopathi is a Scientist-F.

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Poopathi, S., Mani, C., Thirugnanasambantham, K. et al. Identification and characterization of a novel marine Bacillus cereus for mosquito control. Parasitol Res 113, 323–332 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00436-013-3658-y

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