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Structurally motivated damage models for arterial walls. Theory and application

  • Chapter
Modeling of Physiological Flows

Part of the book series: MS&A — Modeling, Simulation and Applications ((MS&A,volume 5))

Abstract

The mechanical integrity of the arterial wall is vital for the health of the individual. This integrity is in turn dependent on the state of the central load bearing components of the wall: collagen fibres, elastic fibres and smooth muscle. Of these, the elastic fibres, composed largely of the protein elastin, are viewed as responsible for the highly elastic behaviour of the wall at low loads [92]. The collagen fibres are recruited under increasing extension, leading to a highly nonlinear behaviour of the arterial wall [117]. They are responsible for the structural integrity of the wall at elevated physiological loads. Changes in the quantity, distribution, orientation and mechanical properties of these components (the microstructure) are known to occur as part of a healthy response to changing stimuli (e.g. growth and remodelling) as well as during pathological and damage processes in disease and aging. For example, degradation of the elastic fibres is linked to pathological conditions including cerebral aneurysms [12, 15, 20, 65], dissection aneurysms [101], arteriosclerosis [11, 44, 86, 113, 114], and complications from balloon angioplasty [84]. Age related arterial stiffening is attributed to degradation of the elastic fibres, possibly from fatigue failure [11, 30]. The subject of arterial damage is addressed in Sect. 6.4.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA

    Anne M. Robertson & Michael R. Hill

  2. Ansys Inc., Canonsburg, PA, USA

    Dalong Li

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  1. Anne M. Robertson
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  2. Michael R. Hill
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  3. Dalong Li
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Correspondence to Anne M. Robertson .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. MOX - Department of Mathematics, Politecnico di Milano, Italy

    Davide Ambrosi  & Alfio Quarteroni  & 

  2. Mathematics Institute of Computational Science and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Laussane, Switzerland

    Alfio Quarteroni  & Gianluigi Rozza  & 

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Robertson, A.M., Hill, M.R., Li, D. (2012). Structurally motivated damage models for arterial walls. Theory and application. In: Ambrosi, D., Quarteroni, A., Rozza, G. (eds) Modeling of Physiological Flows. MS&A — Modeling, Simulation and Applications, vol 5. Springer, Milano. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-88-470-1935-5_6

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