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Phytoremediation of Salt-Impacted Soils and Use of Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) to Enhance Phytoremediation

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Phytoremediation

Abstract

Soil salinization negatively impacts plant growth and soil structure, which leads to environmental stress and agricultural/economic losses. Improved plant growth during salt-induced ionic and osmotic plant stress is the key to successful phytoremediation of salt-impacted sites. Using plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) in PGPR-Enhanced Phytoremediation Systems (PEPS), positive effects of PGPR on plant biomass and health have been observed in greenhouse and field experiments. Revegetation is arguably the most important aspect of salt phytoremediation and substantial biomass increases occur in PGPR-treated plants in both sodic and saline soils. PGPR protect against inhibition of photosynthesis and plant membrane damage, which suggests that they confer tolerance to plants under salt stress. Using PEPS, decreases in soil salinity are observed due to uptake of sodium and chloride from the soil into foliar plant tissue. Although rates of uptake do not change due to PGPR inoculation, higher plant biomass due to PGPR enhancement of plant performance leads to greater salt uptake on a per area basis relative to that of untreated plants. Significant improvements in plant growth and commensurate sodium chloride uptake, and the results of mass balance studies used to assess the direct impact of ion uptake on actual observed changes in soil salinity, provide evidence that phytoremediation of salt-impacted soil is feasible within acceptable time frames using PEPS.

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Acknowledgements

The work performed in the lab of B. M. G. was supported by grants from the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave. W, Waterloo, ON, Canada, N2L 3G1

    Karen E. Gerhardt B.Sc., M.Sc., Ph.D., Gregory J. MacNeill M.Sc. & Bruce M. Greenberg B.Sc., Ph.D.

  2. Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Rd. E., Guelph, N1G 2W1, ON, Canada

    Gregory J. MacNeill M.Sc.

  3. Earthmaster Environmental Strategies Inc., 358, 58th Avenue SW, Suite 200, Calgary, AB, Canada, T2H 2M5

    Perry D. Gerwing B.SA., M.Sc.

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  1. Karen E. Gerhardt B.Sc., M.Sc., Ph.D.
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  3. Perry D. Gerwing B.SA., M.Sc.
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  4. Bruce M. Greenberg B.Sc., Ph.D.
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Correspondence to Bruce M. Greenberg B.Sc., Ph.D. .

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  1. Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia

    Abid A. Ansari

  2. Centre for Biotechnology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana, India

    Sarvajeet Singh Gill

  3. Centre for Biotechnology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana, India

    Ritu Gill

  4. College of Environmental Science and Forestry, State University of New York, Syracuse, New York, USA

    Guy R. Lanza

  5. College of Environmental Science and Forestry, State University of New York, Syracuse, New York, USA

    Lee Newman

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Gerhardt, K.E., MacNeill, G.J., Gerwing, P.D., Greenberg, B.M. (2017). Phytoremediation of Salt-Impacted Soils and Use of Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) to Enhance Phytoremediation. In: Ansari, A., Gill, S., Gill, R., R. Lanza, G., Newman, L. (eds) Phytoremediation. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-52381-1_2

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